{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385286064","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3298630","title":"Design of a Circularly Polarized High-Gain Patch Antenna Using a Higher-Order Mode With a Heterogeneous Substrate Layer for GPS Applications","display_name":"Design of a Circularly Polarized High-Gain Patch Antenna Using a Higher-Order Mode With a Heterogeneous Substrate Layer for GPS Applications","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385286064","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3298630"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3298630","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3298630","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10194938.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10194938.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020429122","display_name":"Eunjung Kang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0265-1144"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94588446","display_name":"Hongik University","ror":"https://ror.org/00egdv862","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94588446"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eunjung Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Hongik University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0265-1144","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Hongik University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94588446"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000843818","display_name":"Tae Heung Lim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7968-1272"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801036362","display_name":"Agency for Defense Development","ror":"https://ror.org/05fhe0r85","country_code":"KR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327899338","https://openalex.org/I1344042128","https://openalex.org/I2801036362","https://openalex.org/I2801339556"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tae Heung Lim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agency for Defense Development, Daejeon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7968-1272","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agency for Defense Development, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801036362"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052354904","display_name":"Hosung Choo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8409-6964"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94588446","display_name":"Hongik University","ror":"https://ror.org/00egdv862","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94588446"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hosung Choo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Hongik University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8409-6964","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Hongik University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94588446"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":7.0293,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96242918,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"79224","last_page":"79231"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11383","display_name":"Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anechoic-chamber","display_name":"Anechoic chamber","score":0.6862018704414368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.5506078004837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.47296255826950073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.4508225917816162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.40775179862976074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.3767532408237457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.29335564374923706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2875790596008301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.24196064472198486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.2028091549873352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.1674482822418213}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149712133","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q332774","display_name":"Anechoic chamber","level":2,"score":0.6862018704414368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.5506078004837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.47296255826950073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.4508225917816162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.40775179862976074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.3767532408237457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.29335564374923706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2875790596008301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.24196064472198486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.2028091549873352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.1674482822418213}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3298630","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3298630","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10194938.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0a97b1aeec2d4140becfdabe64c6a515","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0a97b1aeec2d4140becfdabe64c6a515","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 11, Pp 79224-79231 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3298630","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3298630","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10194938.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5199999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3113429992","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"SRFC-IT1801-51","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332195","funder_display_name":"Samsung"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332195","display_name":"Samsung","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4385286064.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4385286064.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1992945731","https://openalex.org/W1994010884","https://openalex.org/W2000124932","https://openalex.org/W2056237835","https://openalex.org/W2061277264","https://openalex.org/W2067684256","https://openalex.org/W2082929000","https://openalex.org/W2096338647","https://openalex.org/W2099317247","https://openalex.org/W2101972677","https://openalex.org/W2105178391","https://openalex.org/W2117013956","https://openalex.org/W2119537832","https://openalex.org/W2122492028","https://openalex.org/W2126985326","https://openalex.org/W2146678570","https://openalex.org/W2153767160","https://openalex.org/W2158193814","https://openalex.org/W2289531515","https://openalex.org/W2294806106","https://openalex.org/W2319263874","https://openalex.org/W2404287298","https://openalex.org/W2467500925","https://openalex.org/W2613780690","https://openalex.org/W2623941996","https://openalex.org/W2733696709","https://openalex.org/W2749103357","https://openalex.org/W2903339705","https://openalex.org/W2905738802","https://openalex.org/W2985849463","https://openalex.org/W2996993260","https://openalex.org/W3106576367","https://openalex.org/W3185636104","https://openalex.org/W3187713216","https://openalex.org/W4224781617","https://openalex.org/W4297802356","https://openalex.org/W4303183486","https://openalex.org/W4362735197"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2017779656","https://openalex.org/W2001172292","https://openalex.org/W2169567031","https://openalex.org/W1849802015","https://openalex.org/W3097766872","https://openalex.org/W2091951235","https://openalex.org/W4239222529","https://openalex.org/W2354873283","https://openalex.org/W2023041720","https://openalex.org/W4367186944"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,12,16,31,71,79,97],"circularly":[4],"polarized":[5],"(CP)":[6],"high-gain":[7],"low-profile":[8],"patch":[9,33],"antenna":[10,104,115],"using":[11,34,78],"higher-order":[13],"mode":[14],"with":[15,70],"heterogeneous":[17],"layer":[18],"for":[19],"global":[20],"positioning":[21],"system":[22],"(GPS)":[23],"applications.":[24],"To":[25,83],"obtain":[26,102],"theoretical":[27],"insights,":[28],"we":[29],"analyze":[30],"CP":[32],"the":[35,50,53,85,88,103,113],"cavity":[36],"model,":[37],"which":[38],"has":[39],"two":[40],"feeding":[41],"points.":[42],"Radiated":[43],"electric":[44],"fields":[45],"(E-fields)":[46],"are":[47,116,132],"derived":[48],"from":[49],"sum":[51],"of":[52,87,112],"<inline-formula":[54,62],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[55,63],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[56,64],"<tex-math":[57,65],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\textrm":[58,66],"{TM}_{030}^{x}$":[59],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[60,68],"and":[61,94,108,119,128,135],"{TM}_{003}^{x}$":[67],"modes":[69],"90\u00b0":[72],"phase":[73],"difference":[74],"at":[75,122,138],"each":[76],"port":[77],"hybrid":[80],"chip":[81],"coupler.":[82],"verify":[84],"performance":[86],"proposed":[89,114],"antenna,":[90],"it":[91],"is":[92],"fabricated":[93],"measured":[95,107,127],"in":[96],"full":[98],"anechoic":[99],"chamber":[100],"to":[101],"characteristics.":[105],"The":[106,126],"simulated":[109,129],"reflection":[110],"coefficients":[111],"\u221233.1":[117],"dB":[118,121],"\u221228.3":[120],"1.575":[123,139],"GHz,":[124,140],"respectively.":[125,141],"maximum":[130],"gains":[131],"9.1":[133],"dBic":[134,137],"9.4":[136]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}