{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385153807","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3297874","title":"The Application of Mobile Sensing to Detect CO and NO<sub>2</sub> Emission Spikes in Polluted Cities","display_name":"The Application of Mobile Sensing to Detect CO and NO<sub>2</sub> Emission Spikes in Polluted Cities","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385153807","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3297874"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3297874","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3297874","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10189899.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10189899.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068427697","display_name":"Spanddhana Sara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7965-0521"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64189192","display_name":"International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad","ror":"https://ror.org/05f11g639","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64189192"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Spanddhana Sara","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Institute of Information Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7965-0521","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Institute of Information Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64189192"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063132555","display_name":"Andrew Rebeiro\u2010Hargrave","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2080-6960"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Rebeiro-Hargrave","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2080-6960","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027165768","display_name":"Ayu Parmar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6283-6562"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64189192","display_name":"International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad","ror":"https://ror.org/05f11g639","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64189192"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ayu Parmar","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Institute of Information Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6283-6562","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Institute of Information Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64189192"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009466085","display_name":"Pak Lun Fung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3493-1383"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pak Lun Fung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3493-1383","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027664689","display_name":"Ishan Patwardhan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64189192","display_name":"International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad","ror":"https://ror.org/05f11g639","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64189192"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ishan Patwardhan","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Institute of Information Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Institute of Information Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64189192"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052008443","display_name":"Samu Varjonen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7527-5787"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samu Varjonen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7527-5787","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017684012","display_name":"C. Rajashekar Reddy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64189192","display_name":"International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad","ror":"https://ror.org/05f11g639","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64189192"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Rajashekar Reddy","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Institute of Information Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Institute of Information Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64189192"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063390942","display_name":"Sachin Chaudhari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1923-0925"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64189192","display_name":"International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad","ror":"https://ror.org/05f11g639","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64189192"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sachin Chaudhari","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Institute of Information Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Institute of Information Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64189192"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054443906","display_name":"Sasu Tarkoma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4220-3650"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sasu Tarkoma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4220-3650","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.4545,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59130926,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"79624","last_page":"79635"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12120","display_name":"Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12120","display_name":"Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10190","display_name":"Air Quality and Health Impacts","score":0.9818999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12095","display_name":"Vehicle emissions and performance","score":0.9722999930381775,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.456989049911499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co-occurrence","display_name":"Co-occurrence","score":0.4131966531276703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.40859729051589966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.40514713525772095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.13041535019874573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.12302523851394653}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.456989049911499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154290570","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1756768","display_name":"Co-occurrence","level":2,"score":0.4131966531276703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.40859729051589966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.40514713525772095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.13041535019874573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.12302523851394653}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3297874","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3297874","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10189899.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ff6108b8e661456694843c3fbf434d76","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ff6108b8e661456694843c3fbf434d76","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 11, Pp 79624-79635 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3297874","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3297874","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10189899.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.7599999904632568}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1977779988","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"3070665 (2020)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325255","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Electronics and Information technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3751201184","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"3070665","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325255","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Electronics and Information technology"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325255","display_name":"Ministry of Electronics and Information technology","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326459","display_name":"Pernod Ricard","ror":"https://ror.org/00gpqj976"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332009","display_name":"International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4385153807.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4385153807.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975635805","https://openalex.org/W1982396004","https://openalex.org/W2026821144","https://openalex.org/W2064127932","https://openalex.org/W2161614126","https://openalex.org/W2254830925","https://openalex.org/W2535664976","https://openalex.org/W2566667959","https://openalex.org/W2621121878","https://openalex.org/W2794872455","https://openalex.org/W2885404876","https://openalex.org/W2906021381","https://openalex.org/W2912455967","https://openalex.org/W2969814071","https://openalex.org/W3006119193","https://openalex.org/W3120346671","https://openalex.org/W3123270750","https://openalex.org/W3135028703","https://openalex.org/W3137129230","https://openalex.org/W4200106329","https://openalex.org/W4310515205","https://openalex.org/W4320065841","https://openalex.org/W6767751012","https://openalex.org/W6843547030","https://openalex.org/W6847359990"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Carbon":[0],"monoxide":[1],"(CO)":[2],"and":[3,35,40,69,112,200,236,247,292],"Nitrogen":[4],"dioxide":[5],"(NO":[6],"<sub":[7,42,71,114,202,238,249],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[8,43,72,115,203,239,250],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sub>":[9,44,73,116,204,240,251],")":[10],"are":[11],"major":[12,47],"air":[13],"pollutants":[14],"that":[15,84,106,170,258],"have":[16],"the":[17,32,110,125,148,155,165,175,181,184,191,245,264,293],"potential":[18],"to":[19,57,134,179,188,224,279,295,308],"affect":[20],"human":[21],"health":[22],"adversely.":[23],"There":[24],"is":[25,56,272,287,306],"a":[26,59,101,139,143,160,209,220,231],"lack":[27],"of":[28,38,53,67,87,109,198,211,256,301],"useful":[29],"information":[30],"regarding":[31],"spatial":[33,196],"distribution":[34],"temporal":[36,228],"variability":[37,182,197,229],"CO":[39,68,111,199,235,246],"NO":[41,70,113,201,237,248],"emissions":[45],"in":[46,74,190,322],"metropolitan":[48],"areas.":[49],"The":[50,195,227,242],"primary":[51],"goal":[52],"this":[54,132],"research":[55],"provide":[58],"geospatial":[60],"data":[61,158,243],"methodology":[62],"for":[63,266,274,289,298],"detecting":[64],"emission":[65,117,206,252],"spikes":[66,118,207,253],"polluted":[75],"urban":[76],"environments":[77],"employing":[78],"portable":[79],"low-cost":[80],"sensors.":[81],"We":[82,104,130,146,168],"propose":[83,105],"ephemeral":[85],"identification":[86,108],"harmful":[88,205],"gas":[89],"concentrations":[90],"can":[91,119],"be":[92,120,280,296],"achieved":[93],"using":[94],"different":[95,128],"IoT":[96,149,185],"device":[97,150],"types":[98],"mounted":[99],"on":[100,127,142,164,219],"mobile":[102,140,166,192,310],"platform.":[103,167],"persistent":[107],"attained":[121],"by":[122,137,153,313,316],"driving":[123],"through":[124],"city":[126],"days.":[129],"applied":[131],"approach":[133],"Hyderabad,":[135],"India,":[136],"fixing":[138],"platform":[141,311],"street":[144],"car.":[145],"corrected":[147],"measurement":[151],"errors":[152],"calibrating":[154],"sensing":[156,193],"component":[157],"against":[159],"reference":[161],"instrument":[162],"co-located":[163],"identified":[169],"random":[171],"forest":[172],"regression":[173],"was":[174],"most":[176],"suitable":[177],"technique":[178],"reduce":[180],"between":[183,234],"devices":[186],"due":[187],"heterogeneity":[189],"datasets.":[194],"at":[208,254],"resolution":[210],"50m":[212],"were":[213],"identified,":[214],"but":[215],"their":[216],"intensity":[217],"changes":[218],"daily":[221],"basis":[222],"according":[223],"meteorological":[225],"conditions.":[226],"shows":[230],"weak":[232],"correlation":[233],"concentrations.":[241],"from":[244],"Points":[255],"Interests":[257],"disturb":[259],"traffic":[260],"flows":[261],"clearly":[262],"show":[263],"need":[265],"public":[267],"education":[268],"about":[269],"when":[270,285],"it":[271,286],"hazardous":[273],"persons":[275],"with":[276],"respiratory":[277],"conditions":[278],"outside,":[281],"as":[282,284],"well":[283],"unsafe":[288],"young":[290],"children":[291],"elderly":[294],"outside":[297],"extended":[299],"periods":[300],"time.":[302],"This":[303],"detection":[304],"strategy":[305],"adaptable":[307],"any":[309,323],"used":[312],"individuals":[314],"traveling":[315],"foot,":[317],"bicycle,":[318],"drone,":[319],"or":[320],"robot":[321],"metropolis.":[324]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}