{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4383112593","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3292275","title":"Underwater Image Enhancement Based on Optimal Contrast and Attenuation Difference","display_name":"Underwater Image Enhancement Based on Optimal Contrast and Attenuation Difference","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4383112593","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3292275"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3292275","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3292275","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10172181.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10172181.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052057343","display_name":"Tenghui Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1605-4153"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165204","display_name":"Zhuhai Institute of Advanced Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05r1mzq61","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210145761","https://openalex.org/I4210165204"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I49835588","display_name":"Macao Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/02sf5td35","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49835588"]}],"countries":["CN","MO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tenghui Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai, China","Macao Polytechnic University, Macao, Macao, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165204","https://openalex.org/I125839683"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Macao Polytechnic University, Macao, Macao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I49835588"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100356439","display_name":"Lili Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6574-8770"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165204","display_name":"Zhuhai Institute of Advanced Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05r1mzq61","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210145761","https://openalex.org/I4210165204"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lili Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai, China","Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165204","https://openalex.org/I125839683"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088855613","display_name":"En Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4106-6877"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165204","display_name":"Zhuhai Institute of Advanced Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05r1mzq61","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210145761","https://openalex.org/I4210165204"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"En Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai, China","Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165204","https://openalex.org/I125839683"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111968162","display_name":"Yan Ma","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I49835588","display_name":"Macao Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/02sf5td35","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49835588"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, Macau, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, Macau, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I49835588"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101760165","display_name":"Yapeng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1085-5091"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I49835588","display_name":"Macao Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/02sf5td35","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49835588"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yapeng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, Macau, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, Macau, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I49835588"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038741486","display_name":"Haijun Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8115-9974"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165204","display_name":"Zhuhai Institute of Advanced Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05r1mzq61","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210145761","https://openalex.org/I4210165204"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haijun Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai, China","Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165204","https://openalex.org/I125839683"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021585252","display_name":"Mingchao Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3579-7956"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165204","display_name":"Zhuhai Institute of Advanced Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05r1mzq61","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210145761","https://openalex.org/I4210165204"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingchao Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai, China","Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165204","https://openalex.org/I125839683"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5052057343"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I4210165204","https://openalex.org/I49835588"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.9104,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88025945,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"68538","last_page":"68549"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underwater","display_name":"Underwater","score":0.7983506917953491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attenuation","display_name":"Attenuation","score":0.7762390375137329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6890986561775208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6591709852218628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6557781100273132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-quality","display_name":"Image quality","score":0.5428774952888489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrast","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","score":0.5381473302841187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.448140412569046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/color-correction","display_name":"Color correction","score":0.44415199756622314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/color-difference","display_name":"Color difference","score":0.428851842880249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.36844098567962646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.3615829348564148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.28228992223739624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.1907578408718109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.15544593334197998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.08558398485183716}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98083399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3246517","display_name":"Underwater","level":2,"score":0.7983506917953491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184652730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2357982","display_name":"Attenuation","level":2,"score":0.7762390375137329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6890986561775208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6591709852218628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6557781100273132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55020928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3813865","display_name":"Image quality","level":3,"score":0.5428774952888489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.5381473302841187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.448140412569046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779495555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5148596","display_name":"Color correction","level":3,"score":0.44415199756622314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186991048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1184883","display_name":"Color difference","level":3,"score":0.428851842880249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.36844098567962646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3615829348564148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.28228992223739624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.1907578408718109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.15544593334197998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.08558398485183716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3292275","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3292275","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10172181.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7fa1f481fcfc4fcbb023a7b13453a445","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7fa1f481fcfc4fcbb023a7b13453a445","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 11, Pp 68538-68549 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3292275","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3292275","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10172181.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8500000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","display_name":"Life below water"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2268825060","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022B1212010006","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320955","funder_display_name":"Hong Kong Baptist University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320955","display_name":"Hong Kong Baptist University","ror":"https://ror.org/0145fw131"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4383112593.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4383112593.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973569872","https://openalex.org/W1977197797","https://openalex.org/W1990592195","https://openalex.org/W2022160492","https://openalex.org/W2028990532","https://openalex.org/W2041285268","https://openalex.org/W2066506791","https://openalex.org/W2107858703","https://openalex.org/W2125188192","https://openalex.org/W2135001643","https://openalex.org/W2157051025","https://openalex.org/W2181646778","https://openalex.org/W2474516010","https://openalex.org/W2572634795","https://openalex.org/W2607948611","https://openalex.org/W2746518190","https://openalex.org/W2778341433","https://openalex.org/W2790284570","https://openalex.org/W2798898057","https://openalex.org/W2892845027","https://openalex.org/W2950055287","https://openalex.org/W2990176100","https://openalex.org/W2997763120","https://openalex.org/W3005922625","https://openalex.org/W3006777311","https://openalex.org/W3008780059","https://openalex.org/W3009406242","https://openalex.org/W3025419883","https://openalex.org/W3035460526","https://openalex.org/W3108718484","https://openalex.org/W3120126474","https://openalex.org/W4225309680","https://openalex.org/W4285821234","https://openalex.org/W4308802973","https://openalex.org/W6788648863"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4226332782","https://openalex.org/W4389777547","https://openalex.org/W4313029978","https://openalex.org/W2616936297","https://openalex.org/W4383108568","https://openalex.org/W4323651220","https://openalex.org/W4386797943","https://openalex.org/W3007932172","https://openalex.org/W2985484535","https://openalex.org/W3175729806"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,61],"quality":[1,227],"of":[2,94,118,180,225],"underwater":[3,46,174,190,206,217],"images":[4,218],"is":[5,88,129],"often":[6],"marred":[7],"by":[8,32,75,113,138],"noticeable":[9],"color":[10,135,167],"casts":[11],"and":[12,29,34,53,78,98,121,168,172,197,204,219],"blurring,":[13],"resulting":[14],"from":[15],"complex":[16],"phenomena":[17],"such":[18],"as":[19],"differential":[20,116],"light":[21,27,30,112,123,128],"attenuation":[22,117,140],"based":[23,147],"on":[24,148,188],"wavelength,":[25],"veiling":[26,111,127],"scattering,":[28],"scattering":[31],"plankton":[33],"suspended":[35],"particles":[36],"in":[37,223],"water.":[38],"In":[39],"this":[40],"paper,":[41],"we":[42,158],"propose":[43],"an":[44,149],"effective":[45],"image":[47,83,156,191,207,226],"enhancement":[48,208],"method":[49,63],"called":[50],"Optimal":[51],"Contrast":[52],"Attenuation":[54],"Difference":[55],"(OCAD)":[56],"to":[57,103,131,164],"tackle":[58],"these":[59],"issues.":[60],"OCAD":[62,108,213],"employs":[64],"a":[65,71,92,170],"two-step":[66],"approach.":[67],"First,":[68],"it":[69],"estimates":[70,109],"coarse":[72],"transmission":[73,86],"map":[74,87],"optimizing":[76],"contrast":[77],"minimizing":[79],"information":[80],"loss":[81],"during":[82],"mapping.":[84],"This":[85,125],"then":[89],"refined":[90],"using":[91],"combination":[93],"dark":[95],"channel":[96],"prior":[97],"guided":[99],"filter":[100],"refining":[101],"techniques":[102],"improve":[104],"its":[105],"accuracy.":[106],"Second,":[107],"the":[110,115,134,139,145,155,160,166,178,194],"considering":[114],"red,":[119],"green,":[120],"blue":[122],"underwater.":[124],"estimated":[126],"utilized":[130],"partially":[132],"mitigate":[133],"cast":[136],"caused":[137],"effect,":[141],"while":[142],"also":[143],"addressing":[144],"blurring":[146],"imaging":[150],"model.":[151],"To":[152,176],"further":[153],"enhance":[154],"quality,":[157],"introduce":[159],"Gray":[161],"World":[162],"approach":[163],"correct":[165],"obtain":[169],"deblurred":[171],"color-corrected":[173],"image.":[175],"evaluate":[177],"performance":[179],"our":[181,212],"proposed":[182],"method,":[183],"extensive":[184],"experiments":[185],"are":[186],"conducted":[187],"well-established":[189],"datasets,":[192],"including":[193],"EUVP,":[195],"UIEB,":[196],"RUIE":[198],"datasets.":[199],"Comparative":[200],"analysis":[201],"against":[202],"state-of-the-art":[203],"classical":[205],"methods":[209,222],"reveals":[210],"that":[211],"algorithm":[214],"significantly":[215],"enhances":[216],"outperforms":[220],"other":[221],"terms":[224],"improvement.":[228]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
