{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4382203012","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3289843","title":"An Improvised Four-Port Multifunctional MIMO Antenna for Integrated Cognitive Radio System","display_name":"An Improvised Four-Port Multifunctional MIMO Antenna for Integrated Cognitive Radio System","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4382203012","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3289843"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3289843","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3289843","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10164076.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10164076.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061265208","display_name":"Praneet Jain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5114-3437"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64295750","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Indore","ror":"https://ror.org/01hhf7w52","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64295750"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Praneet Jain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5114-3437","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64295750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049168154","display_name":"Rahul Kumar Jaiswal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9468-4850"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94234084","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur","ror":"https://ror.org/05pjsgx75","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rahul Kumar Jaiswal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9468-4850","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046961939","display_name":"Kumar Vaibhav Srivastava","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6059-6203"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94234084","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur","ror":"https://ror.org/05pjsgx75","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kumar Vaibhav Srivastava","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6059-6203","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025531371","display_name":"Saptarshi Ghosh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4978-1616"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64295750","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Indore","ror":"https://ror.org/01hhf7w52","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64295750"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saptarshi Ghosh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4978-1616","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64295750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":6.9471,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96164265,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"66201","last_page":"66211"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12791","display_name":"Full-Duplex Wireless Communications","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underlay","display_name":"Underlay","score":0.6439347267150879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.6248357892036438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/varicap","display_name":"Varicap","score":0.6119888424873352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reconfigurable-antenna","display_name":"Reconfigurable antenna","score":0.6011896133422852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/narrowband","display_name":"Narrowband","score":0.5025734901428223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/omnidirectional-antenna","display_name":"Omnidirectional antenna","score":0.5012507438659668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wideband","display_name":"Wideband","score":0.4841178357601166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.4781383275985718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.47628894448280334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-radio","display_name":"Cognitive radio","score":0.471617728471756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diode","display_name":"Diode","score":0.4558578133583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.43016698956489563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.40869084000587463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.36406368017196655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.34292536973953247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.30635032057762146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-efficiency","display_name":"Antenna efficiency","score":0.2662672698497772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2515692412853241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18742862343788147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitance","display_name":"Capacitance","score":0.13096883893013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.11064139008522034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.07698199152946472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrode","display_name":"Electrode","score":0.06147480010986328}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777679929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7883709","display_name":"Underlay","level":3,"score":0.6439347267150879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.6248357892036438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15485314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467463","display_name":"Varicap","level":4,"score":0.6119888424873352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131369404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7554278","display_name":"Reconfigurable antenna","level":5,"score":0.6011896133422852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776096036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140483","display_name":"Narrowband","level":2,"score":0.5025734901428223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24027999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2176348","display_name":"Omnidirectional antenna","level":3,"score":0.5012507438659668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780202535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4524457","display_name":"Wideband","level":2,"score":0.4841178357601166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.4781383275985718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.47628894448280334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149946192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3235733","display_name":"Cognitive radio","level":3,"score":0.471617728471756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78434282","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11656","display_name":"Diode","level":2,"score":0.4558578133583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.43016698956489563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.40869084000587463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.36406368017196655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.34292536973953247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.30635032057762146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160844929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55604036","display_name":"Antenna efficiency","level":4,"score":0.2662672698497772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2515692412853241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18742862343788147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30066665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q164399","display_name":"Capacitance","level":3,"score":0.13096883893013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.11064139008522034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.07698199152946472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17525397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140","display_name":"Electrode","level":2,"score":0.06147480010986328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3289843","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3289843","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10164076.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b863d019708c4327a355f1c91dc8a68b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b863d019708c4327a355f1c91dc8a68b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 11, Pp 66201-66211 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3289843","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3289843","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10164076.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1343214431","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"TTR/2021/000106","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334771","funder_display_name":"Science and Engineering Research Board"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334771","display_name":"Science and Engineering Research Board","ror":"https://ror.org/03ffdsr55"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4382203012.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4382203012.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965355007","https://openalex.org/W1967810009","https://openalex.org/W1978205001","https://openalex.org/W1982686915","https://openalex.org/W1984114931","https://openalex.org/W1994725092","https://openalex.org/W2005749607","https://openalex.org/W2007651953","https://openalex.org/W2012311576","https://openalex.org/W2028551741","https://openalex.org/W2071707134","https://openalex.org/W2085743132","https://openalex.org/W2093478782","https://openalex.org/W2107607172","https://openalex.org/W2116334496","https://openalex.org/W2119506483","https://openalex.org/W2122549035","https://openalex.org/W2124842803","https://openalex.org/W2127593435","https://openalex.org/W2137987238","https://openalex.org/W2148109603","https://openalex.org/W2153090463","https://openalex.org/W2156077514","https://openalex.org/W2162752862","https://openalex.org/W2168078104","https://openalex.org/W2319779057","https://openalex.org/W2415272434","https://openalex.org/W2547372250","https://openalex.org/W2588743534","https://openalex.org/W2612221907","https://openalex.org/W2624310732","https://openalex.org/W2697433559","https://openalex.org/W2735125934","https://openalex.org/W2774887182","https://openalex.org/W2797971294","https://openalex.org/W2940668706","https://openalex.org/W2947526404","https://openalex.org/W3042579225","https://openalex.org/W3198235409","https://openalex.org/W3206320666","https://openalex.org/W4293094201","https://openalex.org/W4312476384","https://openalex.org/W6682468974","https://openalex.org/W6847017002"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4255303560","https://openalex.org/W2062881472","https://openalex.org/W1975029702","https://openalex.org/W2978487740","https://openalex.org/W4388145799","https://openalex.org/W2586318951","https://openalex.org/W3004804959","https://openalex.org/W3034946697","https://openalex.org/W2168292815","https://openalex.org/W4381785517"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,25,61,80,99],"four-port":[4],"multiple":[5,7],"input":[6],"output":[8],"(MIMO)":[9],"antenna":[10,58,137,197],"designed":[11],"and":[12,32,46,156,178,185,209],"demonstrated":[13],"for":[14,69,91],"cognitive":[15],"radio":[16],"(CR)":[17],"applications.":[18],"The":[19,125],"proposed":[20,129],"geometry":[21,78,202],"is":[22,104,203],"made":[23,113],"of":[24,42,127,134,142,167,172,190],"single-layer":[26],"dielectric":[27],"substrate,":[28],"where":[29],"metallic":[30],"patterns":[31],"electronic":[33],"components":[34,174],"are":[35,131],"articulately":[36],"used":[37,90],"to":[38,66,85,88,117],"exhibit":[39],"both":[40],"types":[41,141],"CR":[43,93,143],"techniques":[44],"(interweave":[45],"underlay)":[47],"through":[48],"three":[49],"different":[50],"working":[51],"states.":[52],"In":[53,95],"the":[54,57,74,77,96,122,128,132,147,152,159,165,169,191,195],"first":[55],"state,":[56,149,155],"radiates":[59],"over":[60],"wide":[62],"bandwidth":[63],"from":[64,115],"2.26":[65],"7.00":[67],"GHz":[68,87,108],"sensing":[70],"applications,":[71],"while":[72],"in":[73,146,151,158,194],"second":[75],"mode,":[76,98],"has":[79],"frequency":[81],"tunability":[82],"between":[83],"4.50":[84],"5.20":[86],"be":[89,112],"interweave":[92],"communication.":[94],"third":[97],"fixed":[100],"band":[101,161],"notch":[102,162],"response":[103],"obtained":[105],"at":[106,164],"4.2":[107],"(which":[109],"can":[110],"also":[111],"tunable":[114,153,160],"3.10":[116],"4.20":[118],"GHz),":[119],"thereby":[120],"fulfilling":[121],"underlay":[123],"operation.":[124],"novelties":[126],"work":[130],"realization":[133],"an":[135],"innovative":[136],"topology":[138],"exhibiting":[139],"all":[140],"operations":[144],"(102.38%":[145],"wideband":[148],"14.4%":[150],"narrowband":[154],"27.21%":[157],"state),":[163],"expense":[166],"using":[168],"lowest":[170],"number":[171],"diodes":[173,177],"(2":[175],"p-i-n":[176,183],"1":[179,182],"varactor":[180],"or":[181],"diode":[184],"2":[186],"varactors).":[187],"Further,":[188],"each":[189],"design":[192],"steps":[193],"single":[196],"as":[198,200],"well":[199],"MIMO":[201],"in-depth":[204],"analyzed":[205],"by":[206],"simulation,":[207],"fabrication,":[208],"measurement":[210],"responses.":[211]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
