{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4382138773","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3289598","title":"A Systematic Literature Review on Blockchain-Based Systems for Academic Certificate Verification","display_name":"A Systematic Literature Review on Blockchain-Based Systems for Academic Certificate Verification","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4382138773","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3289598"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3289598","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3289598","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10163764.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10163764.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033212638","display_name":"Avni Rustemi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8247-8520"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124793430","display_name":"State University of Tetova","ror":"https://ror.org/01e4kx996","country_code":"MK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124793430"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76245029","display_name":"Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje","ror":"https://ror.org/02wk2vx54","country_code":"MK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76245029"]}],"countries":["MK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Avni Rustemi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Skopje, North Macedonia","Department of Informatics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tetovo University, Tetovo, N. Macedonia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8247-8520","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Skopje, North Macedonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76245029"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tetovo University, Tetovo, N. Macedonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124793430"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020401249","display_name":"Fisnik Dalipi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7520-695X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223464139","display_name":"Linnaeus University","ror":"https://ror.org/00j9qag85","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223464139"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fisnik Dalipi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, Faculty of Technology, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7520-695X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, Faculty of Technology, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223464139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042602951","display_name":"Vladimir Atanasovski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4131-7413"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76245029","display_name":"Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje","ror":"https://ror.org/02wk2vx54","country_code":"MK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76245029"]}],"countries":["MK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vladimir Atanasovski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Skopje, North Macedonia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4131-7413","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Skopje, North Macedonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76245029"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087593558","display_name":"Aleksandar Risteski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9485-6683"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76245029","display_name":"Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje","ror":"https://ror.org/02wk2vx54","country_code":"MK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76245029"]}],"countries":["MK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aleksandar Risteski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Skopje, North Macedonia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Skopje, North Macedonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76245029"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1843,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1987},"fwci":34.4017,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":83,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99792305,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"64679","last_page":"64696"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13913","display_name":"Blockchain Technology in Education and Learning","score":0.9794999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9639999866485596,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.8893775939941406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6968311667442322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/certificate","display_name":"Certificate","score":0.669148862361908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5743679404258728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.4645651876926422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systematic-review","display_name":"Systematic review","score":0.45515698194503784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.4159790277481079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.261049747467041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.12166088819503784}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.8893775939941406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6968311667442322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96865113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2946816","display_name":"Certificate","level":2,"score":0.669148862361908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5743679404258728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.4645651876926422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189708586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1504425","display_name":"Systematic review","level":3,"score":0.45515698194503784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4159790277481079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.261049747467041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.12166088819503784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3289598","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3289598","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10163764.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:DiVA.org:lnu-122748","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-122748","pdf_url":"https://lnu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1775492/FULLTEXT01","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400653","display_name":"Diva portal (Dalarna University Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:93842e0e8ed242cdac2e914815bd9606","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/93842e0e8ed242cdac2e914815bd9606","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 11, Pp 64679-64696 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3289598","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3289598","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10163764.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4382138773.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4382138773.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":89,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1600464274","https://openalex.org/W1951008065","https://openalex.org/W1979290264","https://openalex.org/W2005501262","https://openalex.org/W2081480784","https://openalex.org/W2096598237","https://openalex.org/W2750168540","https://openalex.org/W2774230421","https://openalex.org/W2810755183","https://openalex.org/W2892776387","https://openalex.org/W2904118557","https://openalex.org/W2906833628","https://openalex.org/W2973365351","https://openalex.org/W2976264852","https://openalex.org/W2979468629","https://openalex.org/W2994753830","https://openalex.org/W3006718153","https://openalex.org/W3010318645","https://openalex.org/W3010766870","https://openalex.org/W3043349752","https://openalex.org/W3047876808","https://openalex.org/W3093608841","https://openalex.org/W3100776503","https://openalex.org/W3109604561","https://openalex.org/W3113590185","https://openalex.org/W3114335875","https://openalex.org/W3114648747","https://openalex.org/W3121715806","https://openalex.org/W3125989628","https://openalex.org/W3128982029","https://openalex.org/W3129084705","https://openalex.org/W3133310021","https://openalex.org/W3133883490","https://openalex.org/W3135640468","https://openalex.org/W3153282992","https://openalex.org/W3155729635","https://openalex.org/W3159467056","https://openalex.org/W3161339840","https://openalex.org/W3167210163","https://openalex.org/W3172776076","https://openalex.org/W3183931183","https://openalex.org/W3185040688","https://openalex.org/W3185428910","https://openalex.org/W3186646663","https://openalex.org/W3193698027","https://openalex.org/W3196655442","https://openalex.org/W3196984956","https://openalex.org/W3215186768","https://openalex.org/W3216594308","https://openalex.org/W3216767138","https://openalex.org/W4200069858","https://openalex.org/W4205161681","https://openalex.org/W4205672517","https://openalex.org/W4205781651","https://openalex.org/W4210694181","https://openalex.org/W4211263987","https://openalex.org/W4212895285","https://openalex.org/W4220729330","https://openalex.org/W4225986555","https://openalex.org/W4226078117","https://openalex.org/W4230850069","https://openalex.org/W4247925091","https://openalex.org/W4281653008","https://openalex.org/W4283382730","https://openalex.org/W4283652517","https://openalex.org/W4283659614","https://openalex.org/W4283822944","https://openalex.org/W4285227285","https://openalex.org/W4289339391","https://openalex.org/W4293774965","https://openalex.org/W4294891500","https://openalex.org/W4295928405","https://openalex.org/W4297140026","https://openalex.org/W4304843062","https://openalex.org/W4306906954","https://openalex.org/W4307279210","https://openalex.org/W4307926598","https://openalex.org/W4308216920","https://openalex.org/W4308346016","https://openalex.org/W4308793776","https://openalex.org/W4312513537","https://openalex.org/W4313549246","https://openalex.org/W4318562091","https://openalex.org/W4318969621","https://openalex.org/W4362501129","https://openalex.org/W4365788346","https://openalex.org/W6755010669","https://openalex.org/W6757644295","https://openalex.org/W6799040152"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210406818","https://openalex.org/W4306779889","https://openalex.org/W4386732777","https://openalex.org/W3211706803","https://openalex.org/W4382775358","https://openalex.org/W4246942721","https://openalex.org/W3209862047","https://openalex.org/W4304136894","https://openalex.org/W2989851257","https://openalex.org/W2799059781"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,126,190],"the":[1,12,22,26,44,58,68,72,86,94,110,115,123,133,143,155,172,179,185,212,222,239,244,268],"past":[2],"few":[3],"years,":[4],"there":[5],"has":[6,21,98],"been":[7],"significant":[8,100],"progress":[9],"made":[10],"in":[11,93,103,114,122,135,267],"area":[13],"of":[14,18,60,71,85,91,96,112,117,145,157,200,246],"blockchain.":[15],"The":[16,89],"use":[17],"blockchain":[19,52,92,113],"technology":[20,53],"potential":[23],"to":[24,37,128,161,233],"revolutionize":[25],"educational":[27],"system":[28],"by":[29,42,77,210,221,238],"providing":[30],"individuals":[31],"with":[32,181],"innovative":[33],"and":[34,47,64,83,188,208,226,236,257,265],"cost-effective":[35],"ways":[36],"learn,":[38],"as":[39,41],"well":[40],"altering":[43],"way":[45],"teachers":[46],"students":[48],"work":[49],"together.":[50],"Additionally,":[51],"can":[54,66,261],"be":[55,234],"utilized":[56],"for":[57,150,253],"issuing":[59],"unchangeable":[61],"digital":[62],"certificates,":[63],"it":[65],"enhance":[67],"present":[69],"limitations":[70],"existing":[73],"certificate":[74,152],"verification":[75,116],"systems":[76,149],"making":[78],"them":[79],"quicker,":[80],"more":[81,130],"reliable,":[82],"independent":[84],"central":[87],"authority.":[88],"application":[90],"context":[95],"education":[97],"generated":[99],"scientific":[101],"interest":[102],"this":[104,136,158,191,247],"field.":[105,269],"Nonetheless,":[106],"research":[107,165,223,229,240,255],"endeavors":[108],"on":[109,132,140,147,184,243],"adoption":[111],"academic":[118,151],"credentials":[119],"are":[120],"still":[121],"development":[124],"phase.":[125],"order":[127],"shed":[129],"light":[131],"field,":[134],"paper":[137],"we":[138,193,249],"focus":[139,183],"extensively":[141],"reviewing":[142],"body":[144],"knowledge":[146],"blockchain-based":[148],"verification.":[153],"Hence,":[154],"purpose":[156],"survey":[159],"is":[160],"compile":[162],"all":[163],"relevant":[164,197],"into":[166],"a":[167,182],"systematic":[168],"literature":[169],"review,":[170,248],"highlighting":[171],"key":[173],"contributions":[174],"from":[175],"various":[176],"researchers":[177],"throughout":[178],"years":[180],"past,":[186],"present,":[187],"future.":[189],"work,":[192],"have":[194],"identified":[195,228],"34":[196],"studies":[198],"out":[199],"1744":[201],"papers":[202],"that":[203,231,260],"were":[204],"published":[205],"between":[206],"2018":[207],"2022":[209],"employing":[211],"PRISMA":[213],"framework.":[214],"We":[215],"distinguished":[216],"six":[217],"major":[218],"themes":[219],"covered":[220],"articles":[224],"analyzed":[225],"also":[227],"gaps":[230],"need":[232],"addressed":[235],"explored":[237],"community.":[241],"Based":[242],"findings":[245],"provide":[250],"some":[251],"recommendations":[252],"future":[254],"directions":[256],"practical":[258],"applications":[259],"assist":[262],"researchers,":[263],"policymakers,":[264],"practitioners":[266]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}