{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4382138563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3289224","title":"Brain Tumor Detection and Multi-Grade Segmentation Through Hybrid Caps-VGGNet Model","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Multi-Grade Segmentation Through Hybrid Caps-VGGNet Model","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4382138563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3289224"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3289224","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3289224","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10162199.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10162199.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014454996","display_name":"Ayesha Jabbar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9431-4894"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3130814776","display_name":"University of Okara","ror":"https://ror.org/02fmg6q11","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3130814776"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5100685","display_name":"University of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/052z7nw84","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5100685"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ayesha Jabbar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Sciences, Division of Sciences and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Sciences, Division of Sciences and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5100685","https://openalex.org/I3130814776"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003316065","display_name":"Shahid Naseem","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0791-541X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3130814776","display_name":"University of Okara","ror":"https://ror.org/02fmg6q11","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3130814776"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5100685","display_name":"University of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/052z7nw84","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5100685"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shahid Naseem","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Sciences, Division of Sciences and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0791-541X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Sciences, Division of Sciences and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5100685","https://openalex.org/I3130814776"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055052519","display_name":"Tariq Mahmood","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4299-7756"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142024983","display_name":"Prince Sultan University","ror":"https://ror.org/053mqrf26","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3130814776","display_name":"University of Okara","ror":"https://ror.org/02fmg6q11","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3130814776"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5100685","display_name":"University of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/052z7nw84","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5100685"]}],"countries":["PK","SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tariq Mahmood","raw_affiliation_strings":["Artificial Intelligence and Data Analytics (AIDA) Laboratory, College of Computer and Information Sciences (CCIS), Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","Department of Information Sciences, Division of Sciences and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4299-7756","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Artificial Intelligence and Data Analytics (AIDA) Laboratory, College of Computer and Information Sciences (CCIS), Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Sciences, Division of Sciences and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5100685","https://openalex.org/I3130814776"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018549351","display_name":"Tanzila Saba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3138-3801"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142024983","display_name":"Prince Sultan University","ror":"https://ror.org/053mqrf26","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tanzila Saba","raw_affiliation_strings":["Artificial Intelligence and Data Analytics (AIDA) Laboratory, College of Computer and Information Sciences (CCIS), Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Artificial Intelligence and Data Analytics (AIDA) Laboratory, College of Computer and Information Sciences (CCIS), Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051374204","display_name":"Faten S. Alamri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0312-8731"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106778892","display_name":"Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University","ror":"https://ror.org/05b0cyh02","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Faten S. Alamri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematical Sciences, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","Department of Mathematical Sciences, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O.Box 84428, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0312-8731","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematical Sciences, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematical Sciences, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O.Box 84428, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107939212","display_name":"Amjad Rehman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142024983","display_name":"Prince Sultan University","ror":"https://ror.org/053mqrf26","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amjad Rehman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Artificial Intelligence and Data Analytics (AIDA) Laboratory, College of Computer and Information Sciences (CCIS), Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Artificial Intelligence and Data Analytics (AIDA) Laboratory, College of Computer and Information Sciences (CCIS), Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014454996"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3130814776","https://openalex.org/I5100685"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":15.3843,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":132,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9942344,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"72518","last_page":"72536"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11775","display_name":"COVID-19 diagnosis using AI","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8575233817100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5429555773735046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-tumor","display_name":"Brain tumor","score":0.45605820417404175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.45465943217277527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.45116615295410156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4302310347557068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.0992368757724762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathology","display_name":"Pathology","score":0.0902239978313446}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8575233817100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5429555773735046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779130545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q233309","display_name":"Brain tumor","level":2,"score":0.45605820417404175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.45465943217277527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.45116615295410156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4302310347557068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0992368757724762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0902239978313446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3289224","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3289224","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10162199.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f7f9ea7733cf429bb9a5418d390a4b73","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f7f9ea7733cf429bb9a5418d390a4b73","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 11, Pp 72518-72536 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3289224","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3289224","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10162199.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8600000143051147,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1580085224","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PNURSP2023R346","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322484","funder_display_name":"Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322484","display_name":"Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University","ror":"https://ror.org/05b0cyh02"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327702","display_name":"Prince Sultan University","ror":"https://ror.org/053mqrf26"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4382138563.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4382138563.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":65,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1677182931","https://openalex.org/W1772464306","https://openalex.org/W2751909359","https://openalex.org/W2780099243","https://openalex.org/W2791575870","https://openalex.org/W2891499525","https://openalex.org/W2894055329","https://openalex.org/W2895683352","https://openalex.org/W2905017682","https://openalex.org/W2911631536","https://openalex.org/W2916213758","https://openalex.org/W2921244331","https://openalex.org/W2921384086","https://openalex.org/W2946489756","https://openalex.org/W2947735999","https://openalex.org/W2948542848","https://openalex.org/W2954400094","https://openalex.org/W2955805844","https://openalex.org/W2963446712","https://openalex.org/W2969790209","https://openalex.org/W2972838422","https://openalex.org/W2974878728","https://openalex.org/W2979478843","https://openalex.org/W2988141759","https://openalex.org/W2995003683","https://openalex.org/W2995378448","https://openalex.org/W2995683363","https://openalex.org/W2996632711","https://openalex.org/W2998401461","https://openalex.org/W3001319889","https://openalex.org/W3006211205","https://openalex.org/W3010030563","https://openalex.org/W3011430986","https://openalex.org/W3018852185","https://openalex.org/W3034970121","https://openalex.org/W3040617750","https://openalex.org/W3047434002","https://openalex.org/W3082944873","https://openalex.org/W3087421454","https://openalex.org/W3087969957","https://openalex.org/W3118728218","https://openalex.org/W3119429736","https://openalex.org/W3121461282","https://openalex.org/W3127167602","https://openalex.org/W3134269260","https://openalex.org/W3134814665","https://openalex.org/W3196956163","https://openalex.org/W3201140219","https://openalex.org/W4205682184","https://openalex.org/W4214486454","https://openalex.org/W4225336589","https://openalex.org/W4226313662","https://openalex.org/W4229375793","https://openalex.org/W4283519547","https://openalex.org/W4285041676","https://openalex.org/W4286587621","https://openalex.org/W4296990608","https://openalex.org/W4307216059","https://openalex.org/W4309686567","https://openalex.org/W4327701133","https://openalex.org/W6637940777","https://openalex.org/W6754972579","https://openalex.org/W6758640438","https://openalex.org/W6772235216","https://openalex.org/W6788120223"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W3046775127","https://openalex.org/W3107602296","https://openalex.org/W3170094116","https://openalex.org/W4386462264","https://openalex.org/W4313488044","https://openalex.org/W3209574120","https://openalex.org/W4312192474","https://openalex.org/W4210805261"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Around":[0],"the":[1,7,21,37,42,77,108,114,118,123,131,150,169,173,180,196,215],"world,":[2],"brain":[3,54,160],"tumors":[4],"are":[5],"becoming":[6],"leading":[8],"cause":[9,23],"of":[10,24,41,125,133,159,172,183,190,203,207,212],"mortality.":[11],"The":[12,56,127,143],"inability":[13],"to":[14,52,61,64,82,163],"undertake":[15],"a":[16,31,205,210],"timely":[17],"tumor":[18,49,96],"diagnosis":[19,29],"is":[20,30],"primary":[22],"this":[25],"pandemic.":[26],"Brain":[27],"cancer":[28],"crucial":[32],"procedure":[33],"that":[34,177],"relies":[35],"on":[36,79,214],"expertise":[38],"and":[39,98,140,152,166,185,193,209],"experience":[40],"doctor.":[43],"Radiologists":[44,68],"must":[45],"use":[46],"an":[47,201],"automated":[48],"classification":[50],"model":[51,116,120,129,175,199],"find":[53],"cancers.":[55],"current":[57],"model\u2019s":[58],"accuracy":[59,202],"has":[60,90],"be":[62],"improved":[63],"get":[65],"suitable":[66],"therapies.":[67],"can":[69],"consult":[70],"various":[71],"computer-aided":[72],"diagnostic":[73],"(CAD)":[74],"models":[75,94],"in":[76,188],"literature":[78],"medical":[80],"imaging":[81],"assist":[83],"them":[84],"with":[85,117],"their":[86],"patients.":[87],"Previous":[88],"research":[89,106],"widely":[91],"used":[92],"CNN":[93],"for":[95],"detection":[97],"classification,":[99],"which":[100,112,155],"typically":[101],"require":[102],"large":[103,135],"datasets.":[104],"This":[105],"proposed":[107],"Caps-VGGNet":[109],"hybrid":[110,167,198],"model,":[111],"integrates":[113],"CapsNet":[115],"VGGNet":[119],"by":[121,137],"adding":[122],"layers":[124],"VGGNet.":[126],"presented":[128,197],"addresses":[130],"challenge":[132],"requiring":[134],"datasets":[136],"automatically":[138],"extracting":[139],"classifying":[141],"features.":[142],"suggested":[144,174],"algorithm\u2019s":[145],"effectiveness":[146,184],"was":[147],"assessed":[148],"using":[149],"Brats-2020":[151],"Brats-2019":[153],"dataset,":[154],"contains":[156],"high-quality":[157],"images":[158],"tumors.":[161],"Compared":[162],"other":[164],"conventional":[165],"models,":[168],"empirical":[170],"outcomes":[171],"indicate":[176],"it":[178],"exhibited":[179],"highest":[181],"level":[182],"superior":[186],"efficacy":[187],"terms":[189],"accuracy,":[191],"specificity,":[192],"sensitivity.":[194],"Specifically,":[195],"attained":[200],"0.99,":[204,208],"specificity":[206],"sensitivity":[211],"0.98":[213],"Brats20":[216],"dataset.":[217]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":70},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T09:19:25.381259","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
