{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4380078980","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3284905","title":"A Survey on Handover Optimization in Beyond 5G Mobile Networks: Challenges and Solutions","display_name":"A Survey on Handover Optimization in Beyond 5G Mobile Networks: Challenges and Solutions","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4380078980","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3284905"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3284905","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3284905","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10147830.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10147830.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048245619","display_name":"Saddam Alraih","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5152-4686"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885383172","display_name":"National University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saddam Alraih","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5152-4686","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060844784","display_name":"Rosdiadee Nordin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9254-2023"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885383172","display_name":"National University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rosdiadee Nordin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9254-2023","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077800587","display_name":"Asma Abu-Samah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8514-1459"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885383172","display_name":"National University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asma Abu-Samah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8514-1459","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054713356","display_name":"Ibraheem Shayea","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0957-4468"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48912391","display_name":"Istanbul Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/059636586","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ibraheem Shayea","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Istanbul Technical University (ITU), Istanbul, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Istanbul Technical University (ITU), Istanbul, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080151430","display_name":"Nor Fadzilah Abdullah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6593-5603"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885383172","display_name":"National University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nor Fadzilah Abdullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6593-5603","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":5.2212,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":62,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96845611,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"59317","last_page":"59345"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13905","display_name":"Telecommunications and Broadcasting Technologies","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7342163324356079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handover","display_name":"Handover","score":0.6950854063034058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5492454171180725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-telephony","display_name":"Mobile telephony","score":0.46283769607543945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-computing","display_name":"Mobile computing","score":0.4389575719833374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-radio","display_name":"Mobile radio","score":0.35075491666793823}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7342163324356079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111852164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414679","display_name":"Handover","level":2,"score":0.6950854063034058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5492454171180725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95491727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q992968","display_name":"Mobile telephony","level":3,"score":0.46283769607543945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144543869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2738570","display_name":"Mobile computing","level":2,"score":0.4389575719833374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781307350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6887221","display_name":"Mobile radio","level":2,"score":0.35075491666793823}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3284905","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3284905","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10147830.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6bb75472c20745ed8351cd399ef8fd07","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6bb75472c20745ed8351cd399ef8fd07","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 11, Pp 59317-59345 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:polen.itu.edu.tr:11527/47113","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11527/47113","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400460","display_name":"Istanbul Technical University Academic Open Archive (Istanbul Technical University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I48912391","host_organization_name":"Istanbul Technical University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3284905","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3284905","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10147830.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3591598716","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FA2386","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","funder_display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3903403172","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FA2386-21-1-4073","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322699","funder_display_name":"Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4143078826","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KK-2021-013","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","funder_display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4516736450","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"-21-1-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","funder_display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4755432336","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KK-2021-013","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322699","funder_display_name":"Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5590554490","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FA2386-21-1-4073","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","funder_display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322699","display_name":"Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research","ror":"https://ror.org/011e9bt93"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4380078980.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4380078980.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":142,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1518292023","https://openalex.org/W1543599304","https://openalex.org/W1791983455","https://openalex.org/W1984114931","https://openalex.org/W1987299197","https://openalex.org/W2035372594","https://openalex.org/W2066940939","https://openalex.org/W2097012847","https://openalex.org/W2103268106","https://openalex.org/W2115723043","https://openalex.org/W2133671920","https://openalex.org/W2151954810","https://openalex.org/W2293182310","https://openalex.org/W2398409936","https://openalex.org/W2484215240","https://openalex.org/W2500160083","https://openalex.org/W2523091598","https://openalex.org/W2542594532","https://openalex.org/W2568174344","https://openalex.org/W2575875755","https://openalex.org/W2593491400","https://openalex.org/W2594689318","https://openalex.org/W2596564698","https://openalex.org/W2615358882","https://openalex.org/W2729617101","https://openalex.org/W2735793369","https://openalex.org/W2739778833","https://openalex.org/W2741901456","https://openalex.org/W2747931527","https://openalex.org/W2789533382","https://openalex.org/W2790531267","https://openalex.org/W2791203620","https://openalex.org/W2791345713","https://openalex.org/W2792868346","https://openalex.org/W2795757513","https://openalex.org/W2796304624","https://openalex.org/W2805022829","https://openalex.org/W2871864831","https://openalex.org/W2887976451","https://openalex.org/W2891090536","https://openalex.org/W2897961228","https://openalex.org/W2900038292","https://openalex.org/W2900189085","https://openalex.org/W2903632383","https://openalex.org/W2907246352","https://openalex.org/W2919030566","https://openalex.org/W2922271609","https://openalex.org/W2944046640","https://openalex.org/W2946169878","https://openalex.org/W2962034892","https://openalex.org/W2967482327","https://openalex.org/W2968746919","https://openalex.org/W2969060079","https://openalex.org/W2969991257","https://openalex.org/W2970325330","https://openalex.org/W2981028129","https://openalex.org/W2998234347","https://openalex.org/W2999805390","https://openalex.org/W3009386672","https://openalex.org/W3011283647","https://openalex.org/W3011296336","https://openalex.org/W3011830499","https://openalex.org/W3014787243","https://openalex.org/W3021414972","https://openalex.org/W3042324215","https://openalex.org/W3042900318","https://openalex.org/W3043953517","https://openalex.org/W3048535702","https://openalex.org/W3082015744","https://openalex.org/W3086751733","https://openalex.org/W3090901715","https://openalex.org/W3091112630","https://openalex.org/W3091752016","https://openalex.org/W3096316084","https://openalex.org/W3097466312","https://openalex.org/W3098450357","https://openalex.org/W3101644794","https://openalex.org/W3108950727","https://openalex.org/W3112318059","https://openalex.org/W3123686504","https://openalex.org/W3126686235","https://openalex.org/W3127090234","https://openalex.org/W3127447975","https://openalex.org/W3128784013","https://openalex.org/W3132071999","https://openalex.org/W3134298137","https://openalex.org/W3136663617","https://openalex.org/W3138010649","https://openalex.org/W3138625890","https://openalex.org/W3144404977","https://openalex.org/W3154911116","https://openalex.org/W3156129242","https://openalex.org/W3157863940","https://openalex.org/W3158549631","https://openalex.org/W3158832185","https://openalex.org/W3159373294","https://openalex.org/W3160731098","https://openalex.org/W3161594686","https://openalex.org/W3162910239","https://openalex.org/W3167169082","https://openalex.org/W3176079720","https://openalex.org/W3176397155","https://openalex.org/W3177847833","https://openalex.org/W3178081691","https://openalex.org/W3179283102","https://openalex.org/W3179837957","https://openalex.org/W3183514509","https://openalex.org/W3195333310","https://openalex.org/W3198654303","https://openalex.org/W3200913878","https://openalex.org/W3209298344","https://openalex.org/W3215686269","https://openalex.org/W4200131460","https://openalex.org/W4200193863","https://openalex.org/W4205437822","https://openalex.org/W4205556697","https://openalex.org/W4205729461","https://openalex.org/W4206329738","https://openalex.org/W4210870808","https://openalex.org/W4221123506","https://openalex.org/W4221160263","https://openalex.org/W4224129838","https://openalex.org/W4224434070","https://openalex.org/W4226095929","https://openalex.org/W4226358783","https://openalex.org/W4233884558","https://openalex.org/W4282013727","https://openalex.org/W4283029670","https://openalex.org/W4285026506","https://openalex.org/W4285195589","https://openalex.org/W4285597224","https://openalex.org/W4286111694","https://openalex.org/W4292373499","https://openalex.org/W4293263215","https://openalex.org/W4293419815","https://openalex.org/W4302383595","https://openalex.org/W4313893761","https://openalex.org/W4319444647","https://openalex.org/W4324342653","https://openalex.org/W6748580711","https://openalex.org/W6756909028","https://openalex.org/W6797810945"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2128480633","https://openalex.org/W2270230623","https://openalex.org/W2165132389","https://openalex.org/W4210272022","https://openalex.org/W1844259124","https://openalex.org/W2170939602","https://openalex.org/W1974440652","https://openalex.org/W3009067413","https://openalex.org/W1541175715","https://openalex.org/W565993663"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Handover":[0],"(HO)":[1],"management":[2,182],"is":[3,48],"essential":[4],"in":[5,43,52,89,139,151,160,183,193],"mobile":[6,44],"cellular":[7],"networks.":[8,45],"It":[9,153],"ensures":[10],"seamless":[11],"connectivity":[12],"to":[13,25,34],"the":[14,28,35,61,99,156,170],"User":[15],"Equipment":[16],"(UE)":[17],"while":[18],"moving":[19],"from":[20],"one":[21],"Base":[22],"Station":[23],"(BS)":[24],"another":[26],"within":[27],"coverage":[29],"area.":[30],"HO":[31,41,46,119,127,134,150,157,180,191],"optimization":[32,47,120,128,135,158,181,192],"refers":[33],"adoption":[36],"of":[37,60,70,87,149],"intelligent":[38],"and":[39,55,63,93,110,122,137,147,173,176],"automatic":[40],"techniques":[42,175,189],"gaining":[49],"more":[50],"importance":[51],"Fifth-Generation":[53],"(5G)":[54],"Beyond":[56],"(B5G)":[57],"systems":[58],"because":[59],"requirements":[62,69],"specifications":[64],"that":[65,96],"B5G":[66,71,100],"targets.":[67],"The":[68,166],"include":[72],"global":[73],"connectivity,":[74],"ultra-low":[75],"latency,":[76],"big":[77],"data":[78,81],"analytics,":[79],"extreme":[80],"rate":[82],"transmissions,":[83],"a":[84,90,144],"massive":[85],"number":[86],"devices":[88],"small":[91],"area,":[92],"new":[94,118,124],"technologies":[95],"will":[97],"support":[98],"network,":[101],"such":[102],"as":[103],"Millimeter":[104],"Wave":[105],"(mmWave),":[106],"Terahertz":[107],"(THz)":[108],"communication,":[109],"Ultra-Dense":[111],"Networks":[112],"(UDNs).":[113],"All":[114],"these":[115],"factors":[116],"cause":[117],"challenges":[121,136,159],"require":[123],"solutions":[125,138,178],"for":[126,179,190],"techniques.":[129],"This":[130],"study":[131],"comprehensively":[132],"provides":[133,143],"B5G.":[140,184,194],"First,":[141],"it":[142],"research":[145,164],"background":[146],"explanation":[148],"legacy.":[152],"then":[154,168],"investigates":[155],"B5G,":[161],"including":[162],"future":[163],"directions.":[165],"paper":[167],"discusses":[169],"most":[171],"prominent":[172],"recent":[174],"technological":[177],"Finally,":[185],"we":[186],"highlight":[187],"potential":[188]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
