{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4378714713","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3280932","title":"A Forecast-Refinement Neural Network Based on DyConvGRU and U-Net for Radar Echo Extrapolation","display_name":"A Forecast-Refinement Neural Network Based on DyConvGRU and U-Net for Radar Echo Extrapolation","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4378714713","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3280932"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3280932","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3280932","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10138400.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10138400.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058945998","display_name":"Jinliang Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4689-3302"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123185","display_name":"Zhejiang Lab","ror":"https://ror.org/02m2h7991","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210123185"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50760025","display_name":"Hangzhou Dianzi University","ror":"https://ror.org/0576gt767","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinliang Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China","Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Collaborative Intelligence, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4689-3302","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Collaborative Intelligence, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123185"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028636558","display_name":"Feifan Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6959-7303"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50760025","display_name":"Hangzhou Dianzi University","ror":"https://ror.org/0576gt767","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feifan Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6959-7303","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100610896","display_name":"Zheng Qian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4904-2984"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ningbo Meteorological Service Center, Ningbo, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4904-2984","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ningbo Meteorological Service Center, Ningbo, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zhipeng Cai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1844-3646"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50760025","display_name":"Hangzhou Dianzi University","ror":"https://ror.org/0576gt767","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhipeng Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1844-3646","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.9573,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76879282,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"53249","last_page":"53261"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.9830999970436096,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.9830999970436096,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11757","display_name":"Seismic Waves and Analysis","score":0.9800000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11698","display_name":"Underwater Acoustics Research","score":0.954200029373169,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extrapolation","display_name":"Extrapolation","score":0.8773398399353027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/echo","display_name":"Echo (communications protocol)","score":0.6720931529998779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.6576809883117676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.619559645652771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5954709649085999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/over-the-horizon-radar","display_name":"Over-the-horizon radar","score":0.4358025789260864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/net","display_name":"Net (polyhedron)","score":0.412830650806427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.358478307723999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.34901559352874756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3370498716831207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.20975929498672485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.19784840941429138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.15234750509262085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.13755962252616882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.08878380060195923}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132459708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744069","display_name":"Extrapolation","level":2,"score":0.8773398399353027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779426996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18389128","display_name":"Echo (communications protocol)","level":2,"score":0.6720931529998779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6576809883117676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.619559645652771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5954709649085999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183617614","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q332548","display_name":"Over-the-horizon radar","level":3,"score":0.4358025789260864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14166107","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q253829","display_name":"Net (polyhedron)","level":2,"score":0.412830650806427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.358478307723999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.34901559352874756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3370498716831207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.20975929498672485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.19784840941429138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.15234750509262085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.13755962252616882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.08878380060195923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3280932","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3280932","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10138400.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c673c99a7e4946c094d87db186f4a4a9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c673c99a7e4946c094d87db186f4a4a9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 11, Pp 53249-53261 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3280932","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3280932","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10138400.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.7799999713897705}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325436","display_name":"Department of Education of Zhejiang Province","ror":"https://ror.org/05gj07w56"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4378714713.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4378714713.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1989679522","https://openalex.org/W2016310760","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2115591590","https://openalex.org/W2483962956","https://openalex.org/W2487418725","https://openalex.org/W2594928006","https://openalex.org/W2890108942","https://openalex.org/W2963149042","https://openalex.org/W2963470893","https://openalex.org/W2964199361","https://openalex.org/W2965679379","https://openalex.org/W2978043874","https://openalex.org/W2981732294","https://openalex.org/W2990729349","https://openalex.org/W2996936831","https://openalex.org/W3001630685","https://openalex.org/W3015712396","https://openalex.org/W3034421924","https://openalex.org/W3089203045","https://openalex.org/W3096831136","https://openalex.org/W3097431378","https://openalex.org/W3109184532","https://openalex.org/W3126335003","https://openalex.org/W3169060579","https://openalex.org/W3198258664","https://openalex.org/W3199775909","https://openalex.org/W3202525453","https://openalex.org/W4213020131","https://openalex.org/W4213304302","https://openalex.org/W4221070765","https://openalex.org/W4281746913","https://openalex.org/W4283789746","https://openalex.org/W4293192773","https://openalex.org/W4303980578","https://openalex.org/W4308949235","https://openalex.org/W4316466316","https://openalex.org/W6628877408","https://openalex.org/W6685670348","https://openalex.org/W6739112683","https://openalex.org/W6741832134","https://openalex.org/W6745829810","https://openalex.org/W6750259706","https://openalex.org/W6767312599","https://openalex.org/W6810563382","https://openalex.org/W6848888656"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968270095","https://openalex.org/W4296478327","https://openalex.org/W1960072520","https://openalex.org/W2107720987","https://openalex.org/W1877701906","https://openalex.org/W2181301244","https://openalex.org/W2003829086","https://openalex.org/W3095111243","https://openalex.org/W2362516259","https://openalex.org/W2138368585"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Precipitation":[0],"nowcasting":[1,23],"is":[2,24,116],"very":[3],"important":[4],"for":[5,82],"the":[6,19,30,36,57,79,91,101,112,120,124,136],"sectors":[7],"which":[8,28],"critically":[9],"depend":[10],"on":[11,45,73,129],"timely":[12],"and":[13,75,100,123,157],"accurate":[14],"weather":[15],"information.":[16],"One":[17],"of":[18,21,38,146],"challenges":[20],"precipitation":[22],"radar":[25,31,39,86,131],"echo":[26,32,40,87],"extrapolation":[27,41],"predicts":[29],"images":[33],"accurately.":[34],"Nowadays,":[35],"methods":[37,53],"are":[42,63,104],"mostly":[43],"based":[44,72],"ConvRNNs.":[46],"Unfortunately,":[47],"as":[48],"lead":[49],"time":[50],"increases,":[51],"these":[52],"unavoidably":[54],"suffer":[55],"from":[56,133],"problem":[58],"that":[59,139],"high":[60,83,96],"reflectivity":[61,84],"values":[62],"underestimated.":[64],"Therefore,":[65],"we":[66],"propose":[67],"a":[68,130],"forecast-refinement":[69,102],"neural":[70],"network":[71],"DyConvGRU":[74],"U-Net":[76],"to":[77,94,107,118],"improve":[78,90],"predicting":[80],"ability":[81,93],"during":[85],"extrapolation.":[88],"To":[89],"model\u2019s":[92],"predict":[95],"reflectivities,":[97],"dynamic":[98],"convolution,":[99],"architecture":[103],"applied.":[105],"And":[106],"obtain":[108],"more":[109],"realistic":[110],"results,":[111],"WGAN\u2019s":[113],"training":[114],"strategy":[115],"adopted":[117],"train":[119],"forecast":[121],"module":[122],"refinement":[125],"module.":[126],"Through":[127],"experiments":[128],"dataset":[132],"Shanghai,":[134],"China,":[135],"results":[137],"show":[138],"our":[140],"proposed":[141],"method":[142],"obtains":[143],"higher":[144],"Probability":[145],"Detection":[147],"(POD),":[148],"Critical":[149],"Success":[150],"Index":[151],"(CSI),":[152],"Heidke":[153],"Skill":[154],"Score":[155],"(HSS),":[156],"lower":[158],"False":[159],"Alarm":[160],"Rate(FAR).":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}