{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4378648209","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3280850","title":"Hybrid Optical Wireless Communication for Versatile IoT Applications: Data Rate Improvement and Analysis","display_name":"Hybrid Optical Wireless Communication for Versatile IoT Applications: Data Rate Improvement and Analysis","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4378648209","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3280850"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3280850","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3280850","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10138181.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10138181.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077268716","display_name":"Shivani Rajendra Teli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2122-6354"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44504214","display_name":"Czech Technical University in Prague","ror":"https://ror.org/03kqpb082","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44504214"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shivani Rajendra Teli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electromagnetic Field, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2122-6354","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electromagnetic Field, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44504214"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080274569","display_name":"Carlos Guerra-Y\u00e1nez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8888-129X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44504214","display_name":"Czech Technical University in Prague","ror":"https://ror.org/03kqpb082","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44504214"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carlos Guerra-Yanez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electromagnetic Field, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8888-129X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electromagnetic Field, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44504214"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039279354","display_name":"Vicente Matus Icaza","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119635470","display_name":"Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria","ror":"https://ror.org/01teme464","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119635470"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vicente Matus Icaza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Technological Development and Innovation in Communications, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Technological Development and Innovation in Communications, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119635470"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011499490","display_name":"Rafael P\u00e9rez\u2010Jim\u00e9nez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8849-592X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119635470","display_name":"Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria","ror":"https://ror.org/01teme464","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119635470"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rafael Perez-Jimenez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Technological Development and Innovation in Communications, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8849-592X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Technological Development and Innovation in Communications, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119635470"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009712820","display_name":"Zabih Ghassemlooy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5780-9703"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32394136","display_name":"Northumbria University","ror":"https://ror.org/049e6bc10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32394136"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zabih Ghassemlooy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Optical Communications Research Group, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5780-9703","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Optical Communications Research Group, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32394136"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078401803","display_name":"Stanislav Zv\u00e1novec","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7902-2143"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44504214","display_name":"Czech Technical University in Prague","ror":"https://ror.org/03kqpb082","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44504214"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stanislav Zvanovec","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electromagnetic Field, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7902-2143","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electromagnetic Field, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44504214"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.7145,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84280085,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"55107","last_page":"55116"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.9819999933242798,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visible-light-communication","display_name":"Visible light communication","score":0.6956674456596375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.52430260181427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-wireless","display_name":"Optical wireless","score":0.5219592452049255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5083431601524353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.4853579103946686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.4369359612464905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/notation","display_name":"Notation","score":0.4336094856262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.4182455241680145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keying","display_name":"Keying","score":0.41465067863464355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4098021686077118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.26253819465637207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.22850683331489563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-emitting-diode","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","score":0.2269468903541565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.22111919522285461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.17328014969825745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1405903398990631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.1340334713459015}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160487672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1426313","display_name":"Visible light communication","level":3,"score":0.6956674456596375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.52430260181427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781305180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7098907","display_name":"Optical wireless","level":3,"score":0.5219592452049255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5083431601524353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.4853579103946686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.4369359612464905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45357846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001982","display_name":"Notation","level":2,"score":0.4336094856262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.4182455241680145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776542216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398306","display_name":"Keying","level":2,"score":0.41465067863464355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4098021686077118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.26253819465637207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.22850683331489563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176666156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25504","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","level":2,"score":0.2269468903541565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.22111919522285461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.17328014969825745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1405903398990631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.1340334713459015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3280850","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3280850","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10138181.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9180dd4bc01745b78dac97f6440e9c80","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9180dd4bc01745b78dac97f6440e9c80","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 11, Pp 55107-55116 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3280850","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3280850","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10138181.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320366","display_name":"European Cooperation in Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01bstzn19"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4378648209.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4378648209.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2269802502","https://openalex.org/W2576799725","https://openalex.org/W2619775665","https://openalex.org/W2745285067","https://openalex.org/W2755819297","https://openalex.org/W2885712312","https://openalex.org/W2900472424","https://openalex.org/W2904815540","https://openalex.org/W2911293045","https://openalex.org/W2913220131","https://openalex.org/W2915922551","https://openalex.org/W2979595072","https://openalex.org/W2998631913","https://openalex.org/W2999326980","https://openalex.org/W3000699369","https://openalex.org/W3019804697","https://openalex.org/W3089875883","https://openalex.org/W3192458130"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2592894164","https://openalex.org/W2039798909","https://openalex.org/W3206736260","https://openalex.org/W2891691474","https://openalex.org/W3215727179","https://openalex.org/W1484601885","https://openalex.org/W3009734089","https://openalex.org/W4385346047","https://openalex.org/W2064392160","https://openalex.org/W2782551494"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"outlines":[2],"the":[3,70,84,96,112,117,131,159,162,183,194,199,207],"concept":[4],"of":[5,37,64,104,127,139,146,161,198,215,225,232],"a":[6,18,24,75,80,144,230],"multilevel":[7,81],"bipolar":[8],"on-off":[9],"keying":[10],"hybrid":[11,71,200],"optical":[12,56,196],"wireless":[13],"communication":[14,53,58],"(OWC)":[15],"system":[16,42,73],"using":[17,50,186],"single":[19],"light-emitting":[20],"diode":[21],"(LED)":[22],"as":[23,26,28,93,95],"transmitter":[25],"well":[27,94],"photodiode":[29],"and":[30,46,55,100,106,141,192,227,229],"camera-based":[31],"receivers":[32],"for":[33,206,212],"versatile":[34],"indoor":[35],"Internet":[36],"Things":[38],"applications.":[39],"The":[40],"proposed":[41,118],"offers":[43],"simultaneous":[44],"high-":[45],"low-speed":[47],"transmission":[48,147,205],"capabilities":[49],"visible":[51],"light":[52],"(VLC)":[54],"camera":[57],"(OCC)":[59],"links,":[60,108],"respectively.":[61],"By":[62],"means":[63],"experimental":[65],"implementation,":[66],"we":[67],"show":[68,115],"that":[69,116,158],"OWC":[72,201],"employing":[74],"chip":[76],"LED":[77,184],"modulated":[78],"with":[79],"signal":[82],"improves":[83],"data":[85,204],"rate":[86,99,103],"<inline-formula":[87,133,149,170,216,233],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[88,134,150,171,217,234],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[89,135,151,172,218,235],"<tex-math":[90,136,152,173,219,236],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$R_{b}$":[91,137,220],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[92,138,154,176,221,238],"bit":[97],"error":[98],"reception":[101],"success":[102],"VLC":[105,140,163],"OCC":[107,142,208],"respectively,":[109],"by":[110,167],"doubling":[111],"bandwidth.":[113],"We":[114,156],"scheme":[119],"can":[120],"provide":[121],"an":[122],"independent":[123],"link":[124,164,209],"performance,":[125],"irrespective":[126],"significant":[128],"differences":[129],"between":[130],"operating":[132],"over":[143],"range":[145,231],"spans":[148],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$L$":[153,237],".":[155,239],"demonstrate":[157],"throughput":[160],"is":[165,210],"improved":[166],"up":[168],"to":[169,181],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\sim":[174],"$":[175],"100":[177],"Mb/s,":[178],"which":[179],"corresponds":[180],"twice":[182],"bandwidth,":[185],"direct":[187],"modulation,":[188],"different":[189],"amplitude":[190,223],"levels,":[191],"optimizing":[193],"received":[195],"power":[197],"link.":[202],"Error-free":[203],"achieved":[211],"all":[213],"values":[214],",":[222],"overlap":[224],"0":[226],"0.3,":[228]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-13T07:54:00.901334","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
