{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4378194929","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3280123","title":"GNNGLY: Graph Neural Networks for Glycan Classification","display_name":"GNNGLY: Graph Neural Networks for Glycan Classification","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4378194929","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3280123"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3280123","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3280123","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10135098.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10135098.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005657807","display_name":"Alhasan Alkuhlani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0725-9923"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107720978","display_name":"Ain Shams University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cb9w016","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170535673","display_name":"Sana'a University","ror":"https://ror.org/04hcvaf32","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170535673"]}],"countries":["EG","YE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alhasan Alkuhlani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer and Information Technology, Sana’a University, Sana’a, Yemen","Faculty of Computer and Information Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0725-9923","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer and Information Technology, Sana’a University, Sana’a, Yemen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170535673"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer and Information Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033458445","display_name":"Walaa Gad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7816-3518"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107720978","display_name":"Ain Shams University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cb9w016","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Walaa Gad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer and Information Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7816-3518","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer and Information Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034587442","display_name":"Mohamed Roushdy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9655-3229"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186217134","display_name":"Future University in Egypt","ror":"https://ror.org/03s8c2x09","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186217134"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Roushdy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computers and Information Technology, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computers and Information Technology, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186217134"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061699800","display_name":"Abdel-Badeeh M. Salem","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5013-4339"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107720978","display_name":"Ain Shams University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cb9w016","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdel-Badeeh M. Salem","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer and Information Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer and Information Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.0764,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77042898,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"51838","last_page":"51847"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12254","display_name":"Machine Learning in Bioinformatics","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12254","display_name":"Machine Learning in Bioinformatics","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10602","display_name":"Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10887","display_name":"Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glycan","display_name":"Glycan","score":0.801932156085968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.61905437707901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.551935076713562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.5010330677032471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4562699496746063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3584756553173065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3504808843135834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.20577850937843323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biochemistry","display_name":"Biochemistry","score":0.08532285690307617}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206212055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2553138","display_name":"Glycan","level":3,"score":0.801932156085968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.61905437707901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.551935076713562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.5010330677032471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4562699496746063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3584756553173065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3504808843135834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.20577850937843323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.08532285690307617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108625454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187126","display_name":"Glycoprotein","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3280123","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3280123","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10135098.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:06e8a467838c43bab6764ca90c87b077","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/06e8a467838c43bab6764ca90c87b077","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 11, Pp 51838-51847 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3280123","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3280123","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10135098.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4378194929.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4378194929.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2044834685","https://openalex.org/W2586210924","https://openalex.org/W2606780347","https://openalex.org/W2907492528","https://openalex.org/W2957050889","https://openalex.org/W2964015378","https://openalex.org/W2964321699","https://openalex.org/W2999211744","https://openalex.org/W3006604457","https://openalex.org/W3013085930","https://openalex.org/W3038787377","https://openalex.org/W3080555959","https://openalex.org/W3097005383","https://openalex.org/W3130891725","https://openalex.org/W3164046276","https://openalex.org/W3171689166","https://openalex.org/W3206022852","https://openalex.org/W4210608406","https://openalex.org/W4211041253","https://openalex.org/W4214868967","https://openalex.org/W4285405240","https://openalex.org/W4286646655","https://openalex.org/W4290960441","https://openalex.org/W4295765292","https://openalex.org/W4310273071","https://openalex.org/W4360615494","https://openalex.org/W6720006811","https://openalex.org/W6726873649","https://openalex.org/W6736685754","https://openalex.org/W6772757216","https://openalex.org/W6780117690","https://openalex.org/W6781932242","https://openalex.org/W6802270361"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2089644524","https://openalex.org/W183875936","https://openalex.org/W1531549338","https://openalex.org/W4379977790","https://openalex.org/W4380090585","https://openalex.org/W2008437729","https://openalex.org/W1585007664","https://openalex.org/W2204314377","https://openalex.org/W4323655511","https://openalex.org/W102498190"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Glycans":[0,29,87],"are":[1,30,38,88,95,101,109],"important":[2,45],"biological":[3,34],"molecules":[4,69],"that":[5,22,131],"can":[6],"be":[7],"found":[8],"on":[9,65,115,159],"their":[10],"own":[11],"or":[12],"attached":[13,68],"to":[14,48,112,141],"other":[15,67,142],"molecules.":[16],"They":[17],"have":[18,62,155],"complex,":[19],"branching":[20],"structures":[21],"do":[23],"not":[24],"follow":[25],"the":[26,41,49,52,59,66,122,160],"linear":[27],"structure.":[28],"crucial":[31],"for":[32,83,121,145],"many":[33],"processes":[35],"and":[36,51,99,120,138,164],"they":[37],"involved":[39],"in":[40],"development":[42],"of":[43,55,58,71,124,162],"several":[44],"diseases.":[46],"Due":[47],"complexity":[50],"branched":[53],"structure":[54],"glycans,":[56],"most":[57],"current":[60],"studies":[61],"mainly":[63],"focused":[64],"instead":[70],"glycans":[72,84],"themselves.":[73],"This":[74],"paper":[75],"proposes,":[76],"GNNGLY,":[77],"a":[78,156],"graph":[79],"neural":[80],"networks":[81,107],"model":[82],"classification.":[85],"Firstly,":[86],"represented":[89,96,102],"as":[90,97,103],"molecular":[91],"graphs,":[92],"where":[93],"atoms":[94],"nodes":[98],"bonds":[100],"edges.":[104],"Graph":[105],"convolutional":[106],"(GCNs)":[108],"then":[110],"used":[111],"make":[113],"predictions":[114],"eight":[116],"taxonomic":[117],"classification":[118],"levels":[119],"level":[123],"immunogenicity":[125],"property.":[126],"The":[127],"performance":[128,151],"results":[129],"indicate":[130],"GNNGLY":[132,148,153],"outperforms":[133],"traditional":[134],"machine":[135],"learning":[136],"methods":[137],"when":[139],"compared":[140],"existing":[143],"tools":[144],"glycan":[146],"classification,":[147],"showed":[149],"considerable":[150],"results.":[152],"could":[154],"significant":[157],"impact":[158],"field":[161],"glycoinformatics":[163],"related":[165],"research":[166],"areas.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}