{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4381659560","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3274201","title":"Computationally Efficient Neural Rendering for Generator Adversarial Networks Using a Multi-GPU Cluster in a Cloud Environment","display_name":"Computationally Efficient Neural Rendering for Generator Adversarial Networks Using a Multi-GPU Cluster in a Cloud Environment","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4381659560","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3274201"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3274201","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3274201","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10121444.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10121444.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069258967","display_name":"Aswathy Ravikumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0897-6991"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I876193797","display_name":"Vellore Institute of Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00qzypv28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aswathy Ravikumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0897-6991","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052452554","display_name":"Harini Sriraman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2192-8153"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I876193797","display_name":"Vellore Institute of Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00qzypv28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harini Sriraman","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2192-8153","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069258967"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.7373,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86785468,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"45559","last_page":"45571"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12859","display_name":"Cell Image Analysis Techniques","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8958677053451538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.5701072216033936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cuda","display_name":"CUDA","score":0.550666332244873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.5399413704872131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speedup","display_name":"Speedup","score":0.4859074652194977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rendering","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","score":0.45504701137542725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/general-purpose-computing-on-graphics-processing-units","display_name":"General-purpose computing on graphics processing units","score":0.422751784324646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-science","display_name":"Computational science","score":0.39546382427215576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.37826216220855713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics","display_name":"Graphics","score":0.37498825788497925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2958894968032837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.18930640816688538}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8958677053451538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.5701072216033936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778119891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477690","display_name":"CUDA","level":2,"score":0.550666332244873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.5399413704872131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68339613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1549489","display_name":"Speedup","level":2,"score":0.4859074652194977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205711294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176953","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","level":2,"score":0.45504701137542725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50630238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q971505","display_name":"General-purpose computing on graphics processing units","level":3,"score":0.422751784324646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C459310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117801","display_name":"Computational science","level":1,"score":0.39546382427215576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.37826216220855713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21442007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027879","display_name":"Graphics","level":2,"score":0.37498825788497925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2958894968032837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.18930640816688538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3274201","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3274201","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10121444.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d5c5424831e648edbe08014cea38613e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d5c5424831e648edbe08014cea38613e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 11, Pp 45559-45571 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3274201","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3274201","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10121444.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.5899999737739563}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4381659560.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4381659560.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1643746074","https://openalex.org/W2047728798","https://openalex.org/W2060393849","https://openalex.org/W2168231600","https://openalex.org/W2271840356","https://openalex.org/W2287011250","https://openalex.org/W2593414223","https://openalex.org/W2763421725","https://openalex.org/W2952716587","https://openalex.org/W2957909335","https://openalex.org/W2962770929","https://openalex.org/W2962805368","https://openalex.org/W2963684088","https://openalex.org/W2968530953","https://openalex.org/W2991534244","https://openalex.org/W3004140385","https://openalex.org/W3010604545","https://openalex.org/W3092201376","https://openalex.org/W3096831136","https://openalex.org/W3160206431","https://openalex.org/W3205886849","https://openalex.org/W3216883016","https://openalex.org/W4200376250","https://openalex.org/W4214914320","https://openalex.org/W4282025595","https://openalex.org/W4293228603","https://openalex.org/W4308465496","https://openalex.org/W4317885354","https://openalex.org/W4319300530","https://openalex.org/W4322746390","https://openalex.org/W4323663699","https://openalex.org/W6684859321","https://openalex.org/W6685352114","https://openalex.org/W6694517276","https://openalex.org/W6696413332","https://openalex.org/W6713134421","https://openalex.org/W6734564793","https://openalex.org/W6738250615","https://openalex.org/W6745245109","https://openalex.org/W6755312952","https://openalex.org/W6757146666"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2983282793","https://openalex.org/W1963859303","https://openalex.org/W2364044215","https://openalex.org/W2389600408","https://openalex.org/W240129890","https://openalex.org/W3048701459","https://openalex.org/W2149078538","https://openalex.org/W2080146221","https://openalex.org/W2370314112","https://openalex.org/W1912958759"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Due":[0],"to":[1,63,72,111,237,291],"its":[2],"fantastic":[3],"performance":[4],"in":[5,244,257,301],"the":[6,9,33,57,78,82,108,150,155,195,202,208,234,239,275,296],"quality":[7],"of":[8,165,204,241,295],"images":[10],"created,":[11],"Generator":[12],"Adversarial":[13],"Networks":[14],"have":[15,37],"recently":[16],"become":[17],"a":[18,99,140],"viable":[19],"option":[20],"for":[21,40,81,104,167,171,176,251,282],"image":[22,119,189],"reconstruction.":[23],"The":[24,127,163,182,216],"main":[25],"problem":[26],"with":[27,135],"employing":[28],"GAN":[29,73,83,128,255],"is":[30,84,130,198],"how":[31],"expensive":[32],"computations":[34],"are.":[35],"Researchers":[36],"developed":[38],"techniques":[39,48,236],"distributing":[41],"GANs":[42],"across":[43,271],"multiple":[44,293],"nodes.":[45],"However,":[46],"these":[47,263],"typically":[49],"do":[50],"not":[51,199],"scale":[52],"because":[53],"they":[54],"frequently":[55],"separate":[56],"components":[58],"(Discriminator":[59],"and":[60,86,98,122,143,154,174,188,206,224,226,231,247,261,269,284,298],"Generator),":[61],"leading":[62],"high":[64],"communication":[65],"overhead":[66],"or":[67],"encountering":[68],"distribution-related":[69],"problems":[70],"unique":[71],"training.":[74],"In":[75,115],"this":[76,116],"study,":[77,117],"training":[79,138],"procedure":[80],"parallelized":[85],"carried":[87],"out":[88],"over":[89,107],"many":[90],"Graphical":[91],"Processing":[92],"Units":[93],"(GPUs).":[94],"TensorFlow\u2019s":[95],"built-in":[96,280],"logic":[97],"custom":[100],"loop":[101],"were":[102],"tweaked":[103],"more":[105],"control":[106],"resources":[109],"allotted":[110],"each":[112],"GPU":[113,118,161,242],"worker.":[114],"processing":[120],"improvements":[121],"multi-GPU":[123,180],"learning":[124],"are":[125,192,218,228,233,249],"used.":[126],"model":[129,286,297],"accelerated":[131],"using":[132,149,179,220],"Distributed":[133],"TensorFlow":[134],"synchronous":[136],"data-parallel":[137],"on":[139,274],"single":[141],"system":[142],"several":[144],"GPUs.":[145],"Acceleration":[146],"was":[147],"accomplished":[148],"Genesis":[151],"Cloud":[152],"Platform":[153],"NVIDIA":[156],"\u24c7":[157],"GeForceTM":[158],"GTX":[159],"108":[160],"accelerator.":[162],"speed-up":[164,197],"1.322":[166],"two":[168,235],"GPUs,":[169,173],"1.688":[170],"three":[172],"1.7792":[175],"four":[177],"GPUs":[178,205],"acceleration.":[181],"parameter":[183],"server":[184],"model\u2019s":[185],"data":[186],"initialization":[187],"production":[190],"bottlenecks":[191,217],"removed,":[193],"but":[194],"results\u2019":[196],"linear.":[200],"Increasing":[201],"number":[203],"removing":[207],"connectivity":[209],"constraint":[210],"will":[211],"accelerate":[212],"things":[213],"even":[214],"more.":[215],"detected":[219],"new":[221],"network":[222],"lines":[223],"resources,":[225],"solutions":[227],"suggested.":[229],"Recomputation":[230],"quantization":[232],"reduce":[238],"amount":[240],"acceleration":[243],"memory.":[245],"Deployment":[246],"versioning":[248,262,283],"essential":[250],"successfully":[252],"operating":[253],"multi-node":[254],"models":[256,264],"MLflow.":[258],"Properly":[259],"deploying":[260],"can":[265],"improve":[266],"scalability,":[267],"reproducibility,":[268],"collaboration":[270],"teams":[272],"working":[273],"same":[276],"model.":[277],"MLflow":[278],"provides":[279],"tools":[281],"tracking":[285],"performance,":[287],"making":[288],"it":[289,300],"easier":[290],"manage":[292],"versions":[294],"reproduce":[299],"different":[302],"environments.":[303]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}