{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4366724558","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3269298","title":"A Differential Protection Scheme Based on Improved DTW Algorithm for Distribution Networks With Highly-Penetrated Distributed Generation","display_name":"A Differential Protection Scheme Based on Improved DTW Algorithm for Distribution Networks With Highly-Penetrated Distributed Generation","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4366724558","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3269298"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3269298","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3269298","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10106275.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10106275.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055528381","display_name":"Xiren Miao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2184-6403"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80947539","display_name":"Fuzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/011xvna82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiren Miao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China","College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2184-6403","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006724721","display_name":"Dan Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7349-4812"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80947539","display_name":"Fuzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/011xvna82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dan Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China","College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7349-4812","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Baoquan Lin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80947539","display_name":"Fuzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/011xvna82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baoquan Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China","College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039502751","display_name":"Hao Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6902-9245"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80947539","display_name":"Fuzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/011xvna82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China","College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6902-9245","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100394829","display_name":"Jing Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8305-9291"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80947539","display_name":"Fuzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/011xvna82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China","College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8305-9291","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":2.3132,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88198231,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"40399","last_page":"40411"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10972","display_name":"Power Systems Fault Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10972","display_name":"Power Systems Fault Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13183","display_name":"Islanding Detection in Power Systems","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10305","display_name":"Power System Optimization and Stability","score":0.9714000225067139,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6879271268844604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5084701776504517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.44866830110549927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-time-warping","display_name":"Dynamic time warping","score":0.4475109875202179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-synchronization","display_name":"Data synchronization","score":0.41781628131866455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.3618834614753723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.3388388156890869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.2002306878566742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1664094626903534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.12020903825759888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.10455983877182007}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6879271268844604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5084701776504517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.44866830110549927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88516994","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1268863","display_name":"Dynamic time warping","level":2,"score":0.4475109875202179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108734733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172333","display_name":"Data synchronization","level":3,"score":0.41781628131866455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.3618834614753723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.3388388156890869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.2002306878566742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1664094626903534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.12020903825759888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.10455983877182007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3269298","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3269298","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10106275.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9267cfd6883647f0a38ed893537121d4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9267cfd6883647f0a38ed893537121d4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 11, Pp 40399-40411 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3269298","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3269298","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10106275.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3056288533","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EERI_KF2020005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326691","funder_display_name":"Hebei University of Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8211414715","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51677030","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324851","display_name":"Hebei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01p884a79"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326691","display_name":"Hebei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/018hded08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330487","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4366724558.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4366724558.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1534304300","https://openalex.org/W2013212195","https://openalex.org/W2025143619","https://openalex.org/W2034053487","https://openalex.org/W2062286591","https://openalex.org/W2084282926","https://openalex.org/W2103687379","https://openalex.org/W2146048275","https://openalex.org/W2373864332","https://openalex.org/W2527651094","https://openalex.org/W2552606561","https://openalex.org/W2743499817","https://openalex.org/W2752912455","https://openalex.org/W2759563293","https://openalex.org/W2883919122","https://openalex.org/W2892048199","https://openalex.org/W2909473189","https://openalex.org/W2915302491","https://openalex.org/W2947721166","https://openalex.org/W2957894358","https://openalex.org/W2993221663","https://openalex.org/W2999744786","https://openalex.org/W3005893454","https://openalex.org/W3006034184","https://openalex.org/W3013419386","https://openalex.org/W3015162072","https://openalex.org/W3026252474","https://openalex.org/W3089034753","https://openalex.org/W3090634771","https://openalex.org/W3093042192","https://openalex.org/W3098992704","https://openalex.org/W3120110135","https://openalex.org/W3128969647","https://openalex.org/W3202946327","https://openalex.org/W4210290173","https://openalex.org/W4221135527","https://openalex.org/W4230888279","https://openalex.org/W4311792371"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2027357437","https://openalex.org/W2014622309","https://openalex.org/W2123134332","https://openalex.org/W2548702785","https://openalex.org/W2157126534","https://openalex.org/W2118487515","https://openalex.org/W2368252421","https://openalex.org/W1592820837","https://openalex.org/W78899842","https://openalex.org/W2158673508"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Differential":[0],"protection":[1,15,45,92,152],"has":[2],"been":[3],"introduced":[4],"into":[5],"the":[6,11,18,25,61,77,88,91,96,113,150],"distribution":[7],"network":[8,138],"to":[9,17],"address":[10],"ineffectiveness":[12],"of":[13,20,27,79,112,135],"traditional":[14],"due":[16],"uncertainties":[19],"power":[21],"flow":[22],"caused":[23,63],"by":[24,64],"access":[26],"multiple":[28,120],"inverter-interfaced":[29],"distributed":[30],"generation":[31],"(IIDG).":[32],"Designed":[33],"for":[34,101],"lower":[35],"data":[36,80,84],"synchronization":[37,81],"costs,":[38],"this":[39,125],"paper":[40],"proposes":[41],"a":[42],"novel":[43],"differential":[44],"scheme":[46,93,153],"based":[47],"on":[48,87],"improved":[49],"dynamic":[50],"time":[51],"warping":[52],"(DTW)":[53],"distance.":[54],"The":[55,145],"proposed":[56,89,151],"algorithm":[57],"can":[58,108,154],"effectively":[59,155],"alleviate":[60],"singularity":[62],"DTW\u2019s":[65],"excessive":[66],"X-axis":[67],"distortion":[68],"through":[69],"relaxation":[70],"search":[71],"and":[72,75,83,116,132,142],"derivative":[73],"estimation":[74],"minimize":[76],"impact":[78],"errors":[82],"loss.":[85],"Based":[86],"algorithm,":[90],"combined":[94],"with":[95],"feeder":[97],"terminal":[98],"unit":[99],"(FTU)":[100],"fast":[102],"fault":[103],"isolation":[104],"is":[105],"designed,":[106],"which":[107],"make":[109],"full":[110],"use":[111],"existing":[114],"equipment":[115],"reduce":[117],"costs.":[118],"Moreover,":[119],"influencing":[121],"factors":[122],"considered":[123],"in":[124,159],"scheme,":[126],"including":[127],"transition":[128],"resistance,":[129],"penetration":[130],"rate,":[131],"output":[133],"intermittency":[134],"IIDG,":[136],"variable":[137],"topology,":[139],"underground":[140],"cables,":[141],"hybrid":[143],"lines.":[144],"test":[146],"results":[147],"demonstrate":[148],"that":[149],"isolate":[156],"short-circuit":[157],"faults":[158],"various":[160],"scenarios.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-25T15:57:00.446498","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
