{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4365790418","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3267048","title":"Risk Factors and Practices for the Development of Open Source Software From Developers\u2019 Perspective","display_name":"Risk Factors and Practices for the Development of Open Source Software From Developers\u2019 Perspective","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4365790418","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3267048"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3267048","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3267048","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10101799.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10101799.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023895879","display_name":"Shehzad Haider","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1323252656","display_name":"Information Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ngv8j44","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1323252656"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800666866","display_name":"Government of Pakistan","ror":"https://ror.org/00pnp4y96","country_code":"PK","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800666866"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802999120","display_name":"Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa","ror":"https://ror.org/04zyfmb02","country_code":"PK","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802999120"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68649149","display_name":"University of Malakand","ror":"https://ror.org/012xdha97","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68649149"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shehzad Haider","raw_affiliation_strings":["Higher Education Department KP, Government Postgraduate College Dargai, Malakand, Pakistan","Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malakand, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Higher Education Department KP, Government Postgraduate College Dargai, Malakand, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800666866","https://openalex.org/I2802999120"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malakand, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1323252656","https://openalex.org/I68649149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014610582","display_name":"Wajeeha Khalil","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2274-6770"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1323252656","display_name":"Information Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ngv8j44","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1323252656"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610274","display_name":"University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar","ror":"https://ror.org/00p034093","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610274"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wajeeha Khalil","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Engineering and Technology at Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2274-6770","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Engineering and Technology at Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1323252656","https://openalex.org/I90610274"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076799915","display_name":"Ahmad Sami Al\u2010Shamayleh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7222-2433"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I104941359","display_name":"Al-Ahliyya Amman University","ror":"https://ror.org/00xddhq60","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I104941359"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmad Sami Al-Shamayleh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Networks and Cybersecurity, Faculty of Information Technology, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7222-2433","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Networks and Cybersecurity, Faculty of Information Technology, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I104941359"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035884247","display_name":"Adnan Akhunzada","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8370-9290"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105992","display_name":"Qatar Science and Technology Park","ror":"https://ror.org/01gshyb58","country_code":"QA","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105992"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adnan Akhunzada","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computing and Information Technology (IT), University of Doha for Science and Technology, Doha, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computing and Information Technology (IT), University of Doha for Science and Technology, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105992"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091401182","display_name":"Abdullah Gani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4388-020X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33849332","display_name":"University of Malaya","ror":"https://ror.org/00rzspn62","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdullah Gani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4388-020X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.8333,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8809902,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"63333","last_page":"63350"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11675","display_name":"Open Source Software Innovations","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11675","display_name":"Open Source Software Innovations","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/documentation","display_name":"Documentation","score":0.6589168310165405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5290029644966125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/popularity","display_name":"Popularity","score":0.5112745761871338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.4875445067882538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","score":0.47233739495277405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.4671117067337036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.4502401649951935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-source-software","display_name":"Open source software","score":0.4384712278842926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-source","display_name":"Open source","score":0.4223676025867462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.35193443298339844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.19101136922836304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11929970979690552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.11791619658470154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.0868903398513794}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56666940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788790","display_name":"Documentation","level":2,"score":0.6589168310165405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5290029644966125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1357284","display_name":"Popularity","level":2,"score":0.5112745761871338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.4875445067882538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.47233739495277405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4671117067337036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.4502401649951935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988343187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130645","display_name":"Open source software","level":3,"score":0.4384712278842926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018397939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3644502","display_name":"Open source","level":3,"score":0.4223676025867462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.35193443298339844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.19101136922836304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11929970979690552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.11791619658470154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0868903398513794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3267048","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3267048","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10101799.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.um.edu.my:50479","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3267048","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400330","display_name":"The University of Malaya Research Repository (University of Malaya)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I33849332","host_organization_name":"University of Malaya","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e9930a0e8d2842e9b5155beafde4df86","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e9930a0e8d2842e9b5155beafde4df86","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 11, Pp 63333-63350 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/24717414","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Risk_Factors_and_Practices_for_the_Development_of_Open_Source_Software_From_Developers_Perspective/24717414","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3267048","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3267048","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10101799.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.44999998807907104,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311314","display_name":"University of Hull","ror":"https://ror.org/04nkhwh30"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320316680","display_name":"University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore","ror":"https://ror.org/0051w2v06"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320342","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321691","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Wien","ror":"https://ror.org/03prydq77"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323704","display_name":"Universiti Malaysia Sabah","ror":"https://ror.org/040v70252"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4365790418.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4365790418.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1548216132","https://openalex.org/W1972181392","https://openalex.org/W1998574410","https://openalex.org/W2004539124","https://openalex.org/W2017280282","https://openalex.org/W2025152749","https://openalex.org/W2043241467","https://openalex.org/W2045748729","https://openalex.org/W2057245786","https://openalex.org/W2096249199","https://openalex.org/W2104561662","https://openalex.org/W2108337646","https://openalex.org/W2109125971","https://openalex.org/W2118328848","https://openalex.org/W2133890582","https://openalex.org/W2139917753","https://openalex.org/W2155684781","https://openalex.org/W2203872619","https://openalex.org/W2405620190","https://openalex.org/W2473629579","https://openalex.org/W2480761380","https://openalex.org/W2507315740","https://openalex.org/W2515082428","https://openalex.org/W2533243972","https://openalex.org/W2536212028","https://openalex.org/W2598009386","https://openalex.org/W2606857763","https://openalex.org/W2620336446","https://openalex.org/W2735173242","https://openalex.org/W2781320169","https://openalex.org/W2942002969","https://openalex.org/W3148974092","https://openalex.org/W4246299190","https://openalex.org/W6685307604","https://openalex.org/W6736449780","https://openalex.org/W6747763353","https://openalex.org/W6761867426","https://openalex.org/W7024715436"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4376877853","https://openalex.org/W1493891899","https://openalex.org/W4250928611","https://openalex.org/W4232280318","https://openalex.org/W166480398","https://openalex.org/W167327709","https://openalex.org/W4387839566","https://openalex.org/W4210922265","https://openalex.org/W4319870556","https://openalex.org/W2084742289"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"<italic":[0,34,71,125,205],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[1,35,72,126,206],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">INTRODUCTION</i>":[2],"Open":[3],"source":[4,52,145,280],"software":[5,14,62,272],"(OSS)":[6],"has":[7,189],"achieved":[8],"popularity,":[9],"however":[10],"there":[11],"are":[12,137,159],"various":[13],"product":[15,148],"quality":[16],"problems,":[17],"security":[18],"issues":[19],"and":[20,32,53,65,150,155,198,216,274,278],"different":[21],"difficulties":[22],"confronting":[23],"the":[24,46,54,69,95,98,101,114,118,162,175,179,182,200,221,239,245,260,268],"OSS":[25,87,123,229,254],"growth":[26],"that":[27,236,253,263],"need":[28],"to":[29,44,56,67,93,112,173],"be":[30],"identified":[31,138,160,190,212,240,266],"addressed.":[33],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">OBJECTIVES</i>":[36],"The":[37],"main":[38],"focus":[39],"of":[40,82,97,120,130,152,181,193,276],"this":[41,209],"research":[42,188],"is":[43,78,91,109],"pinpoint":[45],"risk":[47,84,132,183,201,214,223,241,261],"factors":[48,85,133,184,202,215,242,262],"associated":[49,247],"with":[50,248],"open":[51],"practices/solutions":[55,218],"those":[57],"risks":[58,246],"which":[59],"will":[60],"help":[61],"development":[63,230],"companies":[64],"individuals":[66],"mitigate":[68],"risks.":[70],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">METHODS</i>":[73],"Systematic":[74],"literature":[75],"review":[76],"(SLR)":[77],"exercised":[79],"for":[80,116,177,196,203,219,227,270],"identification":[81],"potential":[83],"in":[86,122,141,144,185,267],"whereas":[88],"questionnaire":[89],"survey":[90],"used":[92],"validate":[94],"findings":[96],"SLR":[99,108,140,172,226],"from":[100,134,231],"relevant":[102],"expert":[103],"community.":[104],"Further,":[105,167],"a":[106,170,191],"secondary":[107,171],"carried":[110],"out":[111],"identify":[113,174],"practices":[115,176,195],"softening":[117],"effect":[119],"risk-factors":[121],"development.":[124],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">RESULTS</i>":[127],"A":[128],"total":[129,192],"14":[131,213],"developers":[135,158,255],"perspective":[136],"via":[139],"OSS.":[142,186,204,249],"Bugs":[143],"code,":[146],"insufficient":[147],"documentation,":[149],"lack":[151],"appropriate":[153],"communication":[154],"coordination":[156],"among":[157],"as":[161],"three":[163],"most":[164],"important":[165],"factors.":[166],"we":[168,211],"performed":[169],"mitigating":[178,197,220],"effects":[180],"This":[187],"31":[194,217],"addressing":[199],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">CONCLUSION</i>":[207],"In":[208],"work,":[210],"critical":[222],"factors,":[224],"through":[225],"adapting":[228],"developers\u2019":[232],"perspectives.":[233],"We":[234,250],"argue":[235],"focusing":[237],"on":[238],"would":[243],"minimize":[244],"also":[251],"recommend":[252],"should":[256],"diligently":[257],"consider":[258],"all":[259],"have":[264],"been":[265],"study":[269],"increased":[271],"productivity":[273],"distribution":[275],"reliable":[277],"robust":[279],"code.":[281]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2023-04-16T00:00:00"}