{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4328030428","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3259548","title":"Hybrid Strategy Improved Sparrow Search Algorithm in the Field of Intrusion Detection","display_name":"Hybrid Strategy Improved Sparrow Search Algorithm in the Field of Intrusion Detection","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4328030428","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3259548"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3259548","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3259548","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10077390.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10077390.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045324804","display_name":"Tao Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2797-0264"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110440473","display_name":"Xi'an University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/046fkpt18","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liu Tao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Communication and Information Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Communication and Information Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084306180","display_name":"Meng Xueqiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7345-7250"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meng Xueqiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xi’an Key Laboratory of Heterogeneous Network Convergence Communication, Xi’an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7345-7250","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi’an Key Laboratory of Heterogeneous Network Convergence Communication, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":2.3623,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8886363,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"32134","last_page":"32151"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12391","display_name":"Artificial Immune Systems Applications","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12391","display_name":"Artificial Immune Systems Applications","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9901000261306763,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-optimum","display_name":"Local optimum","score":0.663400411605835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6158439517021179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.5731983184814453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5523932576179504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-selection","display_name":"Feature selection","score":0.5062757730484009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.4751182198524475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-search","display_name":"Local search (optimization)","score":0.46234455704689026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/l\u00e9vy-flight","display_name":"L\u00e9vy flight","score":0.45262643694877625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-algorithm","display_name":"Search algorithm","score":0.44268497824668884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-algorithm","display_name":"Hybrid algorithm (constraint satisfaction)","score":0.43794721364974976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/piecewise","display_name":"Piecewise","score":0.4133363366127014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.390392541885376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.32661640644073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.22112298011779785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-walk","display_name":"Random walk","score":0.08932077884674072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.07513561844825745}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141934464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3305386","display_name":"Local optimum","level":2,"score":0.663400411605835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6158439517021179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5731983184814453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5523932576179504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148483581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446488","display_name":"Feature selection","level":2,"score":0.5062757730484009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.4751182198524475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135320971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1868524","display_name":"Local search (optimization)","level":2,"score":0.46234455704689026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118918019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4114998","display_name":"L\u00e9vy flight","level":3,"score":0.45262643694877625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125583679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q755673","display_name":"Search algorithm","level":2,"score":0.44268497824668884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62469222","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17092103","display_name":"Hybrid algorithm (constraint satisfaction)","level":5,"score":0.43794721364974976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164660894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2037833","display_name":"Piecewise","level":2,"score":0.4133363366127014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.390392541885376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.32661640644073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.22112298011779785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121194460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856741","display_name":"Random walk","level":2,"score":0.08932077884674072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.07513561844825745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176783269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164378","display_name":"Constraint logic programming","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44616089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30158686","display_name":"Constraint satisfaction","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3259548","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3259548","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10077390.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5957e5183cfb4d708b0c424cd5ee52e2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5957e5183cfb4d708b0c424cd5ee52e2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 11, Pp 32134-32151 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3259548","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3259548","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10077390.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1554475413","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019ZDLSF07-06","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336350","funder_display_name":"Key Research and Development Projects of Shaanxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3300900764","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFC0808","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336350","display_name":"Key Research and Development Projects of Shaanxi Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4328030428.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4328030428.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2093195672","https://openalex.org/W2096166399","https://openalex.org/W2107941094","https://openalex.org/W2290883490","https://openalex.org/W2292153043","https://openalex.org/W2789828921","https://openalex.org/W2897664099","https://openalex.org/W2916444481","https://openalex.org/W2919979744","https://openalex.org/W2921134108","https://openalex.org/W2954876896","https://openalex.org/W2986055611","https://openalex.org/W2998553334","https://openalex.org/W3007040893","https://openalex.org/W3024905798","https://openalex.org/W3046463181","https://openalex.org/W3120734649","https://openalex.org/W3128049501","https://openalex.org/W3130633374","https://openalex.org/W3154196099","https://openalex.org/W3169902780","https://openalex.org/W3185244527","https://openalex.org/W3207580017","https://openalex.org/W4205305701","https://openalex.org/W4205876145","https://openalex.org/W4206209637","https://openalex.org/W4211016117","https://openalex.org/W4220943895","https://openalex.org/W4224258320","https://openalex.org/W4285174150","https://openalex.org/W4287643567","https://openalex.org/W4290988043","https://openalex.org/W4297338796","https://openalex.org/W6602002561","https://openalex.org/W6790509840"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2578631827","https://openalex.org/W2069813519","https://openalex.org/W1942657423","https://openalex.org/W2001946563","https://openalex.org/W4226120393","https://openalex.org/W4318826808","https://openalex.org/W2507157367","https://openalex.org/W3168351090","https://openalex.org/W4372049032","https://openalex.org/W4328030428"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Aiming":[0],"at":[1],"the":[2,44,52,56,59,65,70,80,83,86,91,97,111,125,136,141,163,166,199,218,224,244,247,250],"problem":[3],"that":[4],"sparrow":[5],"search":[6,67,72,93,98,127],"algorithm(SSA)":[7],"may":[8],"fall":[9],"into":[10,130],"local":[11,131],"optima":[12],"and":[13,30,37,54,74,85,95,103,118,128,153,174,183,193,202,206,208,215,229,237],"has":[14],"slow":[15],"convergence":[16,172],"speed,":[17],"a":[18],"hybrid":[19,45],"strategy":[20],"improved":[21],"Sparrow":[22],"Search":[23],"Algorithm(HSISSA)":[24],"is":[25,32,48,138,146,178],"proposed":[26,49],"in":[27,69,124,171],"this":[28],"paper,":[29],"it":[31,177],"applied":[33,179],"to":[34,50,78,89,109,121,161,180],"feature":[35,181],"selection":[36,182],"model":[38,184],"optimization":[39,185],"of":[40,58,82,113,135,165,186,217,246],"intrusion":[41,187],"detection.":[42,188],"Firstly,":[43],"circle-piecewise":[46],"map":[47],"initialize":[51],"population":[53,61,92,126],"improve":[55],"uniformity":[57],"initial":[60],"distribution;":[62],"Secondly,":[63],"merging":[64],"spiral":[66],"method":[68,102,106],"vulture":[71],"algorithm":[73,137,145,251],"Levy\u2019s":[75],"flight":[76],"formula":[77],"update":[79],"positions":[81],"discoverer":[84],"scouter":[87],"respectively,":[88,205],"expand":[90],"range":[94],"enhance":[96],"capability;":[99],"Finally,":[100,176],"simplex":[101],"pinhole":[104],"imaging":[105],"are":[107,196,211,221],"used":[108],"optimize":[110],"position":[112],"sparrows":[114],"with":[115,155],"poor":[116],"fitness":[117],"optimal":[119],"fitness,":[120],"avoid":[122],"stagnation":[123],"falling":[129],"optima.":[132],"The":[133,144,213],"performance":[134,245,254],"optimized":[139,219],"through":[140],"above":[142],"methods.":[143],"tested":[147],"on":[148,198],"10":[149],"classical":[150],"benchmark":[151],"functions":[152],"combined":[154],"Wilcoxon":[156],"rank":[157],"sum":[158],"test":[159],"analysis":[160],"verify":[162],"effectiveness":[164],"algorithm,":[167],"which":[168,242],"showed":[169],"improvements":[170],"speed":[173],"accuracy.":[175],"On":[189],"average,":[190],"7.6":[191],"features":[192,195,220],"10.1":[194],"retained":[197],"CIC-IDS2017":[200],"dataset":[201],"UNSW-NB15":[203],"dataset,":[204],"99.5%":[207],"96.01%":[209],"accuracy":[210,216,239],"achieved.":[212],"number":[214],"better":[222,253],"than":[223,255],"original":[225],"algorithm.":[226],"For":[227],"DenseNet":[228],"random":[230],"forest":[231],"models,":[232],"HSISSA":[233],"can":[234],"achieve":[235],"99.34%":[236],"97.22%":[238],"after":[240],"optimization,":[241],"improves":[243],"model,":[248],"thus,":[249],"shows":[252],"other":[256],"algorithms.":[257]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}