{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4321780128","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3248511","title":"A Review of Microgrid Energy Management and Control Strategies","display_name":"A Review of Microgrid Energy Management and Control Strategies","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4321780128","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3248511"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3248511","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3248511","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10050868.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10050868.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100745665","display_name":"Saad Ahmad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9093-5576"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134085113","display_name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","ror":"https://ror.org/03yez3163","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Saad Ahmad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075386163","display_name":"Md Shafiullah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2282-5663"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134085113","display_name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","ror":"https://ror.org/03yez3163","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md Shafiullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and Power Systems, KFUPM, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2282-5663","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and Power Systems, KFUPM, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108124491","display_name":"Chokri Belhaj Ahmed","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chokri Belhaj Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, Alasala Colleges, Dammam, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, Alasala Colleges, Dammam, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001011530","display_name":"Maad Alowaifeer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0555-8620"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134085113","display_name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","ror":"https://ror.org/03yez3163","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maad Alowaifeer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, Saudi Arabia","SDAIA-KFUPM Joint Research Canter for Artificial Intelligence, KFUPM, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SDAIA-KFUPM Joint Research Canter for Artificial Intelligence, KFUPM, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100745665"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":51.6442,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":291,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99983277,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"21729","last_page":"21757"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13183","display_name":"Islanding Detection in Power Systems","score":0.9926000237464905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microgrid","display_name":"Microgrid","score":0.871757984161377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6743031144142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.5621576905250549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.553521990776062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.537494957447052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.529076874256134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-management","display_name":"Energy management","score":0.456245094537735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interoperability","display_name":"Interoperability","score":0.4503718912601471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/greenhouse-gas","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","score":0.44997769594192505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.43910321593284607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.26995664834976196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.26195621490478516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1827513575553894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.1491779386997223}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776784348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5762595","display_name":"Microgrid","level":3,"score":0.871757984161377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6743031144142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.5621576905250549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.553521990776062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.537494957447052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.529076874256134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7817414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779504","display_name":"Energy management","level":3,"score":0.456245094537735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20136886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749647","display_name":"Interoperability","level":2,"score":0.4503718912601471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47737302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","level":2,"score":0.44997769594192505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.43910321593284607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.26995664834976196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.26195621490478516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1827513575553894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.1491779386997223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3248511","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3248511","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10050868.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:cdb9f51e5d0e4c83adaea52e647f0a0d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/cdb9f51e5d0e4c83adaea52e647f0a0d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 11, Pp 21729-21757 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3248511","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3248511","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10050868.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.550000011920929}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4393729922","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JRC-AI-RFP-07","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322323","funder_display_name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322323","display_name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","ror":"https://ror.org/03yez3163"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4321780128.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4321780128.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":185,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W203276351","https://openalex.org/W603729728","https://openalex.org/W1486474377","https://openalex.org/W1528921300","https://openalex.org/W1604912043","https://openalex.org/W1759197186","https://openalex.org/W1904042391","https://openalex.org/W1967243935","https://openalex.org/W1968616400","https://openalex.org/W1992672560","https://openalex.org/W2013413443","https://openalex.org/W2019683160","https://openalex.org/W2022825392","https://openalex.org/W2029209086","https://openalex.org/W2059955012","https://openalex.org/W2076432538","https://openalex.org/W2079628040","https://openalex.org/W2131646163","https://openalex.org/W2184137253","https://openalex.org/W2300835437","https://openalex.org/W2315093559","https://openalex.org/W2340952647","https://openalex.org/W2343217767","https://openalex.org/W2511975977","https://openalex.org/W2521297812","https://openalex.org/W2528020393","https://openalex.org/W2559486647","https://openalex.org/W2598043391","https://openalex.org/W2611111997","https://openalex.org/W2743543414","https://openalex.org/W2750006190","https://openalex.org/W2752637653","https://openalex.org/W2753595199","https://openalex.org/W2765216487","https://openalex.org/W2765874455","https://openalex.org/W2766317150","https://openalex.org/W2766504893","https://openalex.org/W2776717170","https://openalex.org/W2789789676","https://openalex.org/W2791425956","https://openalex.org/W2802339474","https://openalex.org/W2806464264","https://openalex.org/W2807779869","https://openalex.org/W2808747329","https://openalex.org/W2810535514","https://openalex.org/W2883354997","https://openalex.org/W2884200948","https://openalex.org/W2886968809","https://openalex.org/W2887761217","https://openalex.org/W2892155146","https://openalex.org/W2897340399","https://openalex.org/W2899709790","https://openalex.org/W2899874681","https://openalex.org/W2900105550","https://openalex.org/W2901795678","https://openalex.org/W2904421685","https://openalex.org/W2905657605","https://openalex.org/W2910246042","https://openalex.org/W2915142597","https://openalex.org/W2915350869","https://openalex.org/W2915540884","https://openalex.org/W2916073317","https://openalex.org/W2916286733","https://openalex.org/W2917620661","https://openalex.org/W2921028300","https://openalex.org/W2922508053","https://openalex.org/W2943867849","https://openalex.org/W2945083252","https://openalex.org/W2945285958","https://openalex.org/W2945417497","https://openalex.org/W2948734503","https://openalex.org/W2952242647","https://openalex.org/W2953031314","https://openalex.org/W2953451684","https://openalex.org/W2954062220","https://openalex.org/W2955483108","https://openalex.org/W2955692685","https://openalex.org/W2962334159","https://openalex.org/W2963062828","https://openalex.org/W2963723202","https://openalex.org/W2964341032","https://openalex.org/W2969485470","https://openalex.org/W2969866875","https://openalex.org/W2970528285","https://openalex.org/W2970863897","https://openalex.org/W2972515491","https://openalex.org/W2972592588","https://openalex.org/W2972802354","https://openalex.org/W2977094147","https://openalex.org/W2978231373","https://openalex.org/W2980899368","https://openalex.org/W2980920737","https://openalex.org/W2983325439","https://openalex.org/W2989727873","https://openalex.org/W2989873926","https://openalex.org/W2990833743","https://openalex.org/W2995617217","https://openalex.org/W2996047519","https://openalex.org/W2997953452","https://openalex.org/W3000632091","https://openalex.org/W3002264635","https://openalex.org/W3002802958","https://openalex.org/W3006366375","https://openalex.org/W3007699052","https://openalex.org/W3008176599","https://openalex.org/W3009585314","https://openalex.org/W3009769776","https://openalex.org/W3009930784","https://openalex.org/W3011408051","https://openalex.org/W3011818311","https://openalex.org/W3011858035","https://openalex.org/W3012223405","https://openalex.org/W3017022495","https://openalex.org/W3017462100","https://openalex.org/W3018687642","https://openalex.org/W3020795227","https://openalex.org/W3023309402","https://openalex.org/W3025397688","https://openalex.org/W3027786858","https://openalex.org/W3037635369","https://openalex.org/W3043346697","https://openalex.org/W3046119158","https://openalex.org/W3047275912","https://openalex.org/W3048502116","https://openalex.org/W3056340796","https://openalex.org/W3075526656","https://openalex.org/W3081582124","https://openalex.org/W3083630348","https://openalex.org/W3084044383","https://openalex.org/W3088850296","https://openalex.org/W3097462876","https://openalex.org/W3100852571","https://openalex.org/W3102886785","https://openalex.org/W3104197489","https://openalex.org/W3110896401","https://openalex.org/W3116152761","https://openalex.org/W3117643290","https://openalex.org/W3118205598","https://openalex.org/W3118857153","https://openalex.org/W3118920016","https://openalex.org/W3119841776","https://openalex.org/W3128476419","https://openalex.org/W3129071218","https://openalex.org/W3130212027","https://openalex.org/W3130720914","https://openalex.org/W3135311713","https://openalex.org/W3135449731","https://openalex.org/W3151683712","https://openalex.org/W3152093652","https://openalex.org/W3157231049","https://openalex.org/W3167408933","https://openalex.org/W3175213885","https://openalex.org/W3176451518","https://openalex.org/W3183453924","https://openalex.org/W3185837465","https://openalex.org/W3186515030","https://openalex.org/W3187517394","https://openalex.org/W3194855731","https://openalex.org/W3197022573","https://openalex.org/W3201811644","https://openalex.org/W3202041505","https://openalex.org/W3203538429","https://openalex.org/W3207283473","https://openalex.org/W3210096096","https://openalex.org/W3210933268","https://openalex.org/W4200305106","https://openalex.org/W4200350162","https://openalex.org/W4205235604","https://openalex.org/W4206965292","https://openalex.org/W4223933398","https://openalex.org/W4225131645","https://openalex.org/W4226227203","https://openalex.org/W4233672845","https://openalex.org/W4237698051","https://openalex.org/W4238244030","https://openalex.org/W4241880923","https://openalex.org/W4247400618","https://openalex.org/W4249068255","https://openalex.org/W4249791778","https://openalex.org/W4251818744","https://openalex.org/W4253094241","https://openalex.org/W4253658539","https://openalex.org/W4285122660","https://openalex.org/W4285731854","https://openalex.org/W6814551054"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1574359403","https://openalex.org/W2057975886","https://openalex.org/W4308700935","https://openalex.org/W4210780382","https://openalex.org/W2356033827","https://openalex.org/W2333017163","https://openalex.org/W2347673489","https://openalex.org/W2964937504","https://openalex.org/W2169268775","https://openalex.org/W2371966636"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Several":[0],"issues":[1],"have":[2,78,115,154],"been":[3,44,89,155,192],"reported":[4],"with":[5,175],"the":[6,9,14,23,30,66,70,121,132,142,158,176,200,236,239],"expansion":[7],"of":[8,17,32,69,111,123,131,188,231,238],"electric":[10],"power":[11,19,59],"grid":[12,53,96,177],"and":[13,29,55,81,181,219,233],"increasing":[15],"use":[16],"intermittent":[18],"sources,":[20],"such":[21],"as":[22,47],"need":[24,76],"for":[25,127,141,146,205],"expensive":[26],"transmission":[27],"lines":[28],"issue":[31],"cascading":[33],"blackouts,":[34],"which":[35],"can":[36],"adversely":[37],"affect":[38],"critical":[39,136],"infrastructures.":[40],"Microgrids":[41,75],"(MG)":[42],"has":[43,88,191],"widely":[45],"accepted":[46],"a":[48,109,128,135,228],"viable":[49],"solution":[50],"to":[51,61,64,77,91,107,216,221,225,234],"improve":[52],"reliability":[54],"resiliency,":[56],"ensuring":[57],"continuous":[58],"supply":[60],"loads.":[62],"However,":[63],"ensure":[65],"effective":[67],"operation":[68,99,218],"Distributed":[71],"Energy":[72,79],"Resources":[73],"(DER),":[74],"Management":[80],"Control":[82],"Systems":[83],"(EMCS).":[84],"Therefore,":[85],"considerable":[86],"research":[87],"conducted":[90,193],"achieve":[92],"smooth":[93],"profiles":[94],"in":[95,117,149,157,203],"parameters":[97],"during":[98],"at":[100],"optimum":[101],"running":[102],"cost.":[103],"This":[104,208],"paper":[105,209],"aims":[106],"provide":[108],"review":[110,138,187],"EMCS":[112,241],"techniques":[113],"that":[114],"evolved":[116],"recent":[118],"years.":[119],"Firstly,":[120],"fundamentals":[122],"microgrids":[124],"are":[125],"discussed":[126],"general":[129],"overview":[130],"field.":[133],"Then,":[134],"literature":[137],"is":[139],"undertaken":[140],"various":[143],"methods":[144],"applied":[145],"EM":[147],"optimization":[148],"microgrid":[150],"applications.":[151],"Multiple":[152],"factors":[153],"explored":[156],"objective":[159],"functions":[160],"throughout":[161],"this":[162],"review,":[163],"including":[164],"MG":[165,217],"daily":[166],"operational":[167],"costs,":[168],"energy":[169],"storage":[170],"degradation,":[171],"revenue":[172],"through":[173],"trading":[174],"or":[178],"other":[179,223],"parties,":[180],"Greenhouse":[182],"Gas":[183],"(GHG)":[184],"emissions.":[185],"A":[186],"control":[189,220],"systems":[190],"next":[194],"by":[195],"categorizing":[196],"them":[197],"based":[198],"on":[199,212],"different":[201],"applications":[202],"MGs":[204],"stable":[206],"operation.":[207],"also":[210],"focuses":[211],"IEEE":[213],"standards":[214],"related":[215],"facilitate":[222],"researchers":[224],"build":[226],"upon":[227],"standardized":[229],"set":[230],"rules":[232],"enhance":[235],"interoperability":[237],"diverse":[240],"techniques.":[242]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":139},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":92},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":20}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}