{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4322707219","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3247222","title":"FC-PA: Fog Computing-Based Pseudonym Authentication Scheme in 5G-Enabled Vehicular Networks","display_name":"FC-PA: Fog Computing-Based Pseudonym Authentication Scheme in 5G-Enabled Vehicular Networks","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4322707219","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3247222"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3247222","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3247222","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10049412.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10049412.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113290764","display_name":"Badiea Abdulkarem Mohammed","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Badiea Abdulkarem Mohammed","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Ha&#x2019;il, Ha&#x2019;il, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3539-4161","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Ha&#x2019;il, Ha&#x2019;il, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079673360","display_name":"\u202aMahmood A. Al-Shareeda\u202c\u200f","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2358-3785"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139322472","display_name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02rgb2k63","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahmood A. Al-Shareeda","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Advanced IPv6 Centre (NAv6), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2358-3785","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Advanced IPv6 Centre (NAv6), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042044177","display_name":"Selvakumar Manickam","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139322472","display_name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02rgb2k63","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Selvakumar Manickam","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Advanced IPv6 Centre (NAv6), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4378-1954","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Advanced IPv6 Centre (NAv6), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077882166","display_name":"Zeyad Ghaleb Al-Mekhlafi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6367-0309"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zeyad Ghaleb Al-Mekhlafi","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Ha&#x2019;il, Ha&#x2019;il, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6367-0309","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Ha&#x2019;il, Ha&#x2019;il, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038655441","display_name":"Abdulrahman Alreshidi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9034-3909"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdulrahman Alreshidi","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Ha&#x2019;il, Ha&#x2019;il, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9034-3909","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Ha&#x2019;il, Ha&#x2019;il, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046631978","display_name":"Meshari Alazmi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9074-1029"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meshari Alazmi","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Ha&#x2019;il, Ha&#x2019;il, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9074-1029","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Ha&#x2019;il, Ha&#x2019;il, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086071634","display_name":"Jalawi Sulaiman Alshudukhi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0619-0020"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jalawi Sulaiman Alshudukhi","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Ha&#x2019;il, Ha&#x2019;il, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0619-0020","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Ha&#x2019;il, Ha&#x2019;il, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070843226","display_name":"Mohammad Alsaffar","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Alsaffar","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Ha&#x2019;il, Ha&#x2019;il, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8116-5322","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Ha&#x2019;il, Ha&#x2019;il, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":9.9399,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":81,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98761204,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"18571","last_page":"18581"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9847999811172485,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pseudonym","display_name":"Pseudonym","score":0.8851115703582764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7518174052238464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.6669898629188538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.5680973529815674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicular-ad-hoc-network","display_name":"Vehicular ad hoc network","score":0.5632928013801575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.5499873757362366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5037345290184021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.4870465099811554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.46900010108947754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/message-authentication-code","display_name":"Message authentication code","score":0.44691193103790283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elliptic-curve-cryptography","display_name":"Elliptic curve cryptography","score":0.4401625692844391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-cryptography","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","score":0.2835049033164978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.22270280122756958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-ad-hoc-network","display_name":"Wireless ad hoc network","score":0.21126091480255127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.12071803212165833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.10250988602638245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.05890554189682007}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776021475","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61002","display_name":"Pseudonym","level":2,"score":0.8851115703582764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7518174052238464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.6669898629188538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5680973529815674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192448918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682677","display_name":"Vehicular ad hoc network","level":4,"score":0.5632928013801575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5499873757362366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5037345290184021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.4870465099811554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.46900010108947754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141492731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052621","display_name":"Message authentication code","level":3,"score":0.44691193103790283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167615521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1048911","display_name":"Elliptic curve cryptography","level":4,"score":0.4401625692844391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203062551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","level":3,"score":0.2835049033164978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.22270280122756958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94523657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4085781","display_name":"Wireless ad hoc network","level":3,"score":0.21126091480255127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.12071803212165833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.10250988602638245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.05890554189682007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3247222","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3247222","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10049412.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8c85376a125a4c2ca934d6d195cd6b5e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8c85376a125a4c2ca934d6d195cd6b5e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 11, Pp 18571-18581 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3247222","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3247222","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10049412.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2169194339","https://openalex.org/W2416799949","https://openalex.org/W2581560412","https://openalex.org/W2790123945","https://openalex.org/W2792887462","https://openalex.org/W2913613723","https://openalex.org/W2948068493","https://openalex.org/W2955817306","https://openalex.org/W2989745738","https://openalex.org/W2997804494","https://openalex.org/W3013164908","https://openalex.org/W3014745174","https://openalex.org/W3025816900","https://openalex.org/W3038085707","https://openalex.org/W3088751792","https://openalex.org/W3088992257","https://openalex.org/W3117435706","https://openalex.org/W3124130668","https://openalex.org/W3126490265","https://openalex.org/W3127847210","https://openalex.org/W3152992781","https://openalex.org/W3180402203","https://openalex.org/W3196694534","https://openalex.org/W3215217041","https://openalex.org/W4200519297","https://openalex.org/W4210360231","https://openalex.org/W4248991387","https://openalex.org/W4288725105","https://openalex.org/W4291156115","https://openalex.org/W4310999136","https://openalex.org/W4311672124","https://openalex.org/W4311926185","https://openalex.org/W4312766342","https://openalex.org/W4312801992","https://openalex.org/W4318486461"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2762327599","https://openalex.org/W2562351376","https://openalex.org/W1598045530","https://openalex.org/W3025994448","https://openalex.org/W2166668397","https://openalex.org/W2116285675","https://openalex.org/W1533309011","https://openalex.org/W3048245612","https://openalex.org/W1603859080","https://openalex.org/W4220718301"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,83],"fifth-generation":[1],"(5G)":[2],"technology-enabled":[3],"vehicular":[4,52,81],"network":[5],"has":[6],"been":[7],"widely":[8],"used":[9],"in":[10,13,79],"intelligent":[11],"transportation":[12],"recent":[14,137],"years.":[15],"Since":[16],"messages":[17],"shared":[18],"among":[19],"vehicles":[20],"are":[21,115],"always":[22],"broadcasted":[23],"by":[24],"openness":[25],"environment\u2019":[26],"nature,":[27],"which":[28,114],"is":[29],"vulnerable":[30],"to":[31,73,96],"several":[32,42],"privacy":[33],"and":[34,59,111,132],"security":[35,100,119,133],"problems.":[36],"To":[37],"cope":[38],"with":[39],"this":[40,63],"issue,":[41],"researchers":[43],"have":[44],"proposed":[45],"pseudonym":[46,69,112],"authentication":[47,70],"schemes":[48,56],"for":[49],"the":[50,75,135],"5G-enabled":[51,80],"network.":[53],"Nevertheless,":[54],"these":[55],"applied":[57],"complected":[58],"time-consumed":[60],"operations.":[61],"Therefore,":[62],"paper":[64],"proposes":[65],"a":[66],"fog":[67],"computing-based":[68],"(FC-PA)":[71],"scheme":[72,85,108],"decrease":[74],"overhead":[76],"of":[77,92,102],"performance":[78,122],"networks.":[82],"FC-PA":[84],"applies":[86],"only":[87],"one":[88],"scalar":[89],"multiplication":[90],"operation":[91],"elliptic":[93],"curve":[94],"cryptography":[95],"prove":[97],"information.":[98],"A":[99],"analysis":[101],"our":[103,107,124],"work":[104,125],"explains":[105],"that":[106],"satisfies":[109],"privacy-preserving":[110],"authentication,":[113],"resilient":[116],"against":[117],"common":[118],"attacks.":[120],"With":[121],"efficiency,":[123],"can":[126],"obtain":[127],"better":[128],"trade-offs":[129],"between":[130],"efficiency":[131],"than":[134],"well-known":[136],"works.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":47},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":23}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
