{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4321381005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3246840","title":"Developmental Autonomous Behavior: An Ethological Perspective to Understanding Machines","display_name":"Developmental Autonomous Behavior: An Ethological Perspective to Understanding Machines","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4321381005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3246840"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3246840","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3246840","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10049115.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10049115.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083969596","display_name":"S. Isaka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5670-0418"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Satoru Isaka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vision Del Mar, LLC, San Jose, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5670-0418","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vision Del Mar, LLC, San Jose, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083969596"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.8425,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7735874,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"17375","last_page":"17423"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.9811000227928162,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.9811000227928162,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11953","display_name":"Neuroethics, Human Enhancement, Biomedical Innovations","score":0.9789000153541565,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11883","display_name":"Embodied and Extended Cognition","score":0.9660999774932861,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causation","display_name":"Causation","score":0.6206990480422974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-science","display_name":"Cognitive science","score":0.592263400554657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethology","display_name":"Ethology","score":0.5561055541038513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.5278886556625366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5047420263290405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflexivity","display_name":"Reflexivity","score":0.5044244527816772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construct","display_name":"Construct (python library)","score":0.492014616727829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causality","display_name":"Causality (physics)","score":0.42657795548439026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.3598712682723999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.35611051321029663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3364117443561554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.30866706371307373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.17678067088127136}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166151441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4923601","display_name":"Causation","level":2,"score":0.6206990480422974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.592263400554657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175909808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7155","display_name":"Ethology","level":2,"score":0.5561055541038513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.5278886556625366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5047420263290405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13200473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2747831","display_name":"Reflexivity","level":2,"score":0.5044244527816772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.492014616727829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64357122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1149766","display_name":"Causality (physics)","level":2,"score":0.42657795548439026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.3598712682723999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.35611051321029663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3364117443561554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.30866706371307373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.17678067088127136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3246840","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3246840","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10049115.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:269c3c3d276e49d3b1e9d3d6d382598b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/269c3c3d276e49d3b1e9d3d6d382598b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 11, Pp 17375-17423 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3246840","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3246840","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10049115.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4321381005.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4321381005.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":166,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W5423098","https://openalex.org/W238467844","https://openalex.org/W625960733","https://openalex.org/W1513220402","https://openalex.org/W1514875444","https://openalex.org/W1524792205","https://openalex.org/W1527571715","https://openalex.org/W1539361123","https://openalex.org/W1547304459","https://openalex.org/W1550240531","https://openalex.org/W1553437853","https://openalex.org/W1625285711","https://openalex.org/W1659842140","https://openalex.org/W1702555102","https://openalex.org/W1795020324","https://openalex.org/W1969153009","https://openalex.org/W1970769021","https://openalex.org/W1971972223","https://openalex.org/W1973332999","https://openalex.org/W1979122765","https://openalex.org/W1980516134","https://openalex.org/W1982116452","https://openalex.org/W1989062847","https://openalex.org/W1994012027","https://openalex.org/W1994483275","https://openalex.org/W1995875735","https://openalex.org/W1996847178","https://openalex.org/W2000514530","https://openalex.org/W2001398109","https://openalex.org/W2004843412","https://openalex.org/W2019964788","https://openalex.org/W2021898394","https://openalex.org/W2023015865","https://openalex.org/W2026593493","https://openalex.org/W2026799324","https://openalex.org/W2029347770","https://openalex.org/W2034370736","https://openalex.org/W2035267265","https://openalex.org/W2039263255","https://openalex.org/W2042959301","https://openalex.org/W2047116672","https://openalex.org/W2047260216","https://openalex.org/W2051333776","https://openalex.org/W2054025934","https://openalex.org/W2054394248","https://openalex.org/W2055515082","https://openalex.org/W2058866922","https://openalex.org/W2061686717","https://openalex.org/W2062183687","https://openalex.org/W2065070540","https://openalex.org/W2069503920","https://openalex.org/W2069566702","https://openalex.org/W2076261271","https://openalex.org/W2088234494","https://openalex.org/W2088563966","https://openalex.org/W2091565802","https://openalex.org/W2096169321","https://openalex.org/W2096936238","https://openalex.org/W2097856935","https://openalex.org/W2097861969","https://openalex.org/W2099511120","https://openalex.org/W2107139863","https://openalex.org/W2110072005","https://openalex.org/W2111030512","https://openalex.org/W2113375740","https://openalex.org/W2113864883","https://openalex.org/W2114174117","https://openalex.org/W2114524506","https://openalex.org/W2117726420","https://openalex.org/W2118393301","https://openalex.org/W2122172193","https://openalex.org/W2125360619","https://openalex.org/W2125567157","https://openalex.org/W2126008037","https://openalex.org/W2132736959","https://openalex.org/W2133196698","https://openalex.org/W2135446648","https://openalex.org/W2136518234","https://openalex.org/W2136922672","https://openalex.org/W2137016812","https://openalex.org/W2145548908","https://openalex.org/W2151239423","https://openalex.org/W2153294923","https://openalex.org/W2155352776","https://openalex.org/W2155872498","https://openalex.org/W2156091557","https://openalex.org/W2157376352","https://openalex.org/W2162850206","https://openalex.org/W2166101983","https://openalex.org/W2167266355","https://openalex.org/W2167617705","https://openalex.org/W2167890053","https://openalex.org/W2169196271","https://openalex.org/W2170899200","https://openalex.org/W2170978445","https://openalex.org/W2174896420","https://openalex.org/W2289740164","https://openalex.org/W2315408201","https://openalex.org/W2317331321","https://openalex.org/W2486288338","https://openalex.org/W2496418907","https://openalex.org/W2521240982","https://openalex.org/W2528967817","https://openalex.org/W2534535457","https://openalex.org/W2598639751","https://openalex.org/W2608020507","https://openalex.org/W2610511123","https://openalex.org/W2611698539","https://openalex.org/W2623632862","https://openalex.org/W2744297149","https://openalex.org/W2766513561","https://openalex.org/W2793565730","https://openalex.org/W2885156179","https://openalex.org/W2890636435","https://openalex.org/W2908473373","https://openalex.org/W2932914207","https://openalex.org/W2949975201","https://openalex.org/W2962681511","https://openalex.org/W2969456553","https://openalex.org/W2990138404","https://openalex.org/W2995845147","https://openalex.org/W3003886363","https://openalex.org/W3011120880","https://openalex.org/W3023540311","https://openalex.org/W3101684541","https://openalex.org/W3118769118","https://openalex.org/W3127801478","https://openalex.org/W3149025087","https://openalex.org/W3185222583","https://openalex.org/W3185920659","https://openalex.org/W3196426899","https://openalex.org/W3198021009","https://openalex.org/W3206147386","https://openalex.org/W4205131647","https://openalex.org/W4206569294","https://openalex.org/W4211105222","https://openalex.org/W4212835596","https://openalex.org/W4214717370","https://openalex.org/W4226400653","https://openalex.org/W4230791831","https://openalex.org/W4231404145","https://openalex.org/W4233071312","https://openalex.org/W4234048930","https://openalex.org/W4237718205","https://openalex.org/W4239667135","https://openalex.org/W4239844043","https://openalex.org/W4241467864","https://openalex.org/W4245186252","https://openalex.org/W4245846411","https://openalex.org/W4247698036","https://openalex.org/W4248546022","https://openalex.org/W4251731575","https://openalex.org/W4281478236","https://openalex.org/W4297732320","https://openalex.org/W4298063006","https://openalex.org/W4300117787","https://openalex.org/W4309284545","https://openalex.org/W6631277671","https://openalex.org/W6636688607","https://openalex.org/W6675401909","https://openalex.org/W6712585168","https://openalex.org/W6734330393","https://openalex.org/W6766694020","https://openalex.org/W6799048384","https://openalex.org/W6800641826","https://openalex.org/W6835586406"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4388215810","https://openalex.org/W2044618576","https://openalex.org/W2907106798","https://openalex.org/W1965202988","https://openalex.org/W1595499850","https://openalex.org/W4281648092","https://openalex.org/W4293241344","https://openalex.org/W2372620761","https://openalex.org/W2361927408","https://openalex.org/W2107623408"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Developmental":[0],"autonomous":[1,107],"behavior":[2,16,34,78,138,175,196],"refers":[3],"to":[4,11,20,42,87,142,166],"the":[5,31,57,65,72,93,97,111,118,152,191],"general":[6],"ability":[7],"of":[8,33,54,77,100,110,114,121,130,157,183,190,195],"a":[9,39,84,89,161],"machine":[10],"acquire":[12],"new":[13],"skills":[14],"and":[15,44,103,123,145,154,159,173,193,198,207],"from":[17,92,139],"its":[18,23,168],"birth":[19],"maturity":[21],"on":[22,68,75,202],"own":[24],"without":[25],"human":[26],"intervention.":[27],"This":[28,80,177],"article":[29,116,178],"describes":[30],"principles":[32],"development":[35,129],"in":[36,106,134,137],"machines,":[37],"providing":[38],"practical":[40],"framework":[41,91],"analyze":[43],"synthesize":[45],"machines":[46],"with":[47,200],"developmental":[48],"capabilities.":[49],"Inspired":[50],"by":[51,187],"biological":[52],"views":[53],"behavioral":[55],"causation,":[56],"work":[58],"emphasizes":[59],"principled":[60],"explanations":[61],"to,":[62],"not":[63],"only":[64],"\u201chow\u201d":[66],"question":[67,74],"mechanisms":[69,194],"but":[70],"also":[71],"\u201cwhy\u201d":[73],"causation":[76],"development.":[79,176],"ethology-oriented":[81],"perspective":[82],"offers":[83],"renewed":[85],"opportunity":[86],"construct":[88],"theoretical":[90],"ground":[94],"up,":[95],"overcoming":[96],"age-old":[98],"problems":[99],"intrinsic":[101],"motivation":[102],"symbol":[104],"emergence":[105],"machines.":[108],"One":[109],"key":[112],"contributions":[113],"this":[115],"is":[117,151],"logical":[119,153],"explanation":[120,156],"why":[122,158],"how":[124,160],"value":[125],"systems":[126],"drive":[127],"successive":[128],"memory":[131],"functions,":[132],"resulting":[133],"progressive":[135],"changes":[136],"innate":[140],"reflexive":[141],"episodic,":[143],"procedural,":[144],"autonomic":[146],"behavior.":[147],"Another":[148],"notable":[149],"contribution":[150],"plausible":[155],"physical":[162],"sensorimotor":[163],"system":[164,208],"evolves":[165],"manipulate":[167],"internal":[169],"memory,":[170],"fostering":[171],"conceptual":[172],"social":[174],"provides":[179],"an":[180],"extensive":[181],"review":[182],"prior":[184],"research,":[185],"followed":[186],"detailed":[188],"descriptions":[189],"causality":[192],"development,":[197],"concludes":[199],"discussions":[201],"criticism,":[203],"future":[204],"work,":[205],"ethics,":[206],"architecture.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
