{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4321483962","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3241233","title":"Multi-Mode Yagi Uda Patch Array Antenna With Non-Linear Inter-Parasitic Element Spacing","display_name":"Multi-Mode Yagi Uda Patch Array Antenna With Non-Linear Inter-Parasitic Element Spacing","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4321483962","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3241233"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3241233","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3241233","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10032495.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10032495.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005534087","display_name":"Siti Rahena Isa","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117706","display_name":"Sultan Abdul Halim Mu'adzam Shah International Islamic University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v7nqx28","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117706"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siti Rahena Isa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Politeknik Sultan Abdul Halim Mu&#x2019;adzam Shah, Jitra, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Politeknik Sultan Abdul Halim Mu&#x2019;adzam Shah, Jitra, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117706"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052538654","display_name":"Muzammil Jusoh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3870-6773"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65079550","display_name":"Universiti Malaysia Perlis","ror":"https://ror.org/00xmkb790","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65079550"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muzammil Jusoh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3870-6773","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65079550"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032839072","display_name":"Thennarasan Sabapathy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9235-7132"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65079550","display_name":"Universiti Malaysia Perlis","ror":"https://ror.org/00xmkb790","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65079550"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thennarasan Sabapathy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9235-7132","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65079550"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000082842","display_name":"Muhammad Ramlee Kamarudin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1756-4315"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I930072361","display_name":"Tun Hussein Onn University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/01c5wha71","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I930072361"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Ramlee Kamarudin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1756-4315","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I930072361"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033372359","display_name":"Mohamed Nasrun Osman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5133-3719"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65079550","display_name":"Universiti Malaysia Perlis","ror":"https://ror.org/00xmkb790","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65079550"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Nasrun Osman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5133-3719","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65079550"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022863238","display_name":"Akram Alomainy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5802-9194"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","display_name":"Queen Mary University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/026zzn846","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akram Alomainy","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5802-9194","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":4.4047,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94038398,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"16346","last_page":"16352"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/passive-radiator","display_name":"Passive radiator","score":0.7581496834754944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parasitic-element","display_name":"Parasitic element","score":0.6759507060050964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patch-antenna","display_name":"Patch antenna","score":0.6666176319122314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microstrip-antenna","display_name":"Microstrip antenna","score":0.620525062084198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.5565087795257568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-array","display_name":"Antenna array","score":0.4990196228027344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pin-diode","display_name":"PIN diode","score":0.48830628395080566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3978826701641083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diode","display_name":"Diode","score":0.34249424934387207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3392690122127533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.3382628262042999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.26823890209198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coaxial-antenna","display_name":"Coaxial antenna","score":0.267126202583313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.25008144974708557}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172570871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7142818","display_name":"Passive radiator","level":5,"score":0.7581496834754944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71367568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3363655","display_name":"Parasitic element","level":2,"score":0.6759507060050964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159238334","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1419428","display_name":"Patch antenna","level":3,"score":0.6666176319122314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170349913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13402882","display_name":"Microstrip antenna","level":3,"score":0.620525062084198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.5565087795257568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62191587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771249","display_name":"Antenna array","level":3,"score":0.4990196228027344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52236655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2628074","display_name":"PIN diode","level":3,"score":0.48830628395080566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3978826701641083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78434282","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11656","display_name":"Diode","level":2,"score":0.34249424934387207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3392690122127533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3382628262042999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.26823890209198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93130614","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5138671","display_name":"Coaxial antenna","level":4,"score":0.267126202583313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.25008144974708557}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3241233","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3241233","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10032495.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.uthm.edu.my:10134","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400770","display_name":"UTHM Institutional Repository (Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I930072361","host_organization_name":"Tun Hussein Onn University of Malaysia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I930072361"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:qmro.qmul.ac.uk:123456789/102447","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/102447","pdf_url":"https://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/102447/3/Multi-Mode_Yagi_Uda_Patch_Array_Antenna_With_Non-Linear_Inter-Parasitic_Element_Spacing.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400530","display_name":"Queen Mary Research Online (Queen Mary University of London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","host_organization_name":"Queen Mary University of London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ad309430b78a4d499277f3673e9d3e0c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ad309430b78a4d499277f3673e9d3e0c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 11, Pp 16346-16352 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3241233","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3241233","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10032495.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.550000011920929}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2495766482","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"E15216","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310112","funder_display_name":"Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7137454208","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"E15216","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322820","funder_display_name":"Universiti Malaysia Perlis"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310112","display_name":"Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/01c5wha71"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322820","display_name":"Universiti Malaysia Perlis","ror":"https://ror.org/00xmkb790"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4321483962.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4321483962.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972917508","https://openalex.org/W2003352637","https://openalex.org/W2017646220","https://openalex.org/W2171927200","https://openalex.org/W2312476358","https://openalex.org/W2470135590","https://openalex.org/W2766993731","https://openalex.org/W2801050316","https://openalex.org/W2884861761","https://openalex.org/W2899656886","https://openalex.org/W2903778246","https://openalex.org/W2909300647","https://openalex.org/W2915038050","https://openalex.org/W2969456969","https://openalex.org/W3090653466","https://openalex.org/W3126542946","https://openalex.org/W3132440764","https://openalex.org/W4212778451","https://openalex.org/W4213243528","https://openalex.org/W4226145472"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2556820563","https://openalex.org/W2131123484","https://openalex.org/W1964865115","https://openalex.org/W2027293392","https://openalex.org/W3011295964","https://openalex.org/W4321483962","https://openalex.org/W2113898708","https://openalex.org/W2765938026","https://openalex.org/W2903251443","https://openalex.org/W2777091036"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"low-profile":[1],"and":[2,47,57,82,93],"broad":[3],"steerable":[4],"patch":[5,24,63],"array":[6,25,65],"antenna":[7,66],"is":[8,19,35,67],"presented.":[9],"The":[10],"improvement":[11],"of":[12,32,113],"the":[13,17,23,30,62,85,88,95,104,110],"multi-directional":[14],"functions":[15],"from":[16],"broadside":[18],"very":[20],"limited":[21],"for":[22],"antenna.":[26],"In":[27],"this":[28],"work,":[29],"number":[31],"directional":[33],"beams":[34],"enhanced":[36],"by":[37],"40%":[38],"using":[39,98],"a":[40],"novel":[41],"approach,":[42],"inter-parasitic":[43,89],"element":[44,90],"expansion":[45],"technique":[46],"adopted":[48],"only":[49],"four":[50,99],"PIN":[51,101],"diode":[52],"switches.":[53],"Results":[54],"in":[55],"simulation":[56],"measurement":[58],"have":[59,107],"verified":[60],"that":[61],"parasitic":[64,105],"capable":[68],"-of":[69],"generating":[70],"seven":[71],"beam":[72],"patterns":[73],"directed":[74],"towards":[75],"\u221252\u00b0,":[76],"\u221230\u00b0,":[77],"\u221210\u00b0,":[78],"0\u00b0,":[79],"+10\u00b0,":[80],"+30\u00b0,":[81],"+52\u00b0":[83],"at":[84],"xz-plane.":[86],"Applying":[87],"spacing\u2019s":[91],"optimization":[92],"minimizing":[94],"switching":[96],"circuitry":[97],"RF":[100],"diodes":[102],"on":[103],"elements":[106],"contributed":[108],"to":[109],"gain":[111],"achievement":[112],"more":[114],"than":[115],"7":[116],"dBi.":[117]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
