{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4319337301","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3241013","title":"Time Series Classification Based on Multi-Dimensional Feature Fusion","display_name":"Time Series Classification Based on Multi-Dimensional Feature Fusion","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4319337301","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3241013"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3241013","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3241013","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10032488.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10032488.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040978935","display_name":"Shuo Quan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8824-631X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136246","display_name":"China Telecom (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jgnzt20","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136246"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153335","display_name":"China Telecom","ror":"https://ror.org/05p67dv18","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153335"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuo Quan","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Telecom Research Institute, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8824-631X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Telecom Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136246","https://openalex.org/I4387153335"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101656839","display_name":"Mengyu Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5205-026X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136246","display_name":"China Telecom (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jgnzt20","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136246"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153335","display_name":"China Telecom","ror":"https://ror.org/05p67dv18","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153335"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mengyu Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Telecom Research Institute, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Telecom Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136246","https://openalex.org/I4387153335"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101695668","display_name":"Xiangyu Zeng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9614-4230"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangyu Zeng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101490434","display_name":"Xuliang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0530-2075"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136246","display_name":"China Telecom (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jgnzt20","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136246"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153335","display_name":"China Telecom","ror":"https://ror.org/05p67dv18","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153335"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuliang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Telecom Research Institute, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Telecom Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136246","https://openalex.org/I4387153335"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019131976","display_name":"Zeya Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9333-3610"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136246","display_name":"China Telecom (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jgnzt20","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136246"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153335","display_name":"China Telecom","ror":"https://ror.org/05p67dv18","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153335"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zeya Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Telecom Research Institute, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9333-3610","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Telecom Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136246","https://openalex.org/I4387153335"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":2.6096,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90446802,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"11066","last_page":"11077"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12205","display_name":"Time Series Analysis and Forecasting","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12205","display_name":"Time Series Analysis and Forecasting","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9909999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9749000072479248,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/notation","display_name":"Notation","score":0.5378465056419373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5242800116539001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/series","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","score":0.5079577565193176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/color-coding","display_name":"Color-coding","score":0.49676162004470825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.48698410391807556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.45913392305374146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4406718611717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.42267706990242004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.41934001445770264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3207668662071228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.12160277366638184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pure-mathematics","display_name":"Pure mathematics","score":0.11182379722595215}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45357846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001982","display_name":"Notation","level":2,"score":0.5378465056419373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5242800116539001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143724316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q312468","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.5079577565193176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104597421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5148529","display_name":"Color-coding","level":2,"score":0.49676162004470825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.48698410391807556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.45913392305374146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4406718611717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.42267706990242004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.41934001445770264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3207668662071228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.12160277366638184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.11182379722595215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3241013","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3241013","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10032488.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d76e6f3bbfca429c8a1ccdb3e07645ce","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d76e6f3bbfca429c8a1ccdb3e07645ce","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 11, Pp 11066-11077 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3241013","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3241013","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10032488.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4319337301.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4319337301.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2035104901","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2101713460","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2306394264","https://openalex.org/W2551393996","https://openalex.org/W2565639579","https://openalex.org/W2616247523","https://openalex.org/W2754051771","https://openalex.org/W2786161686","https://openalex.org/W2792071264","https://openalex.org/W2916370975","https://openalex.org/W2954112873","https://openalex.org/W2962721361","https://openalex.org/W2963304300","https://openalex.org/W2963420686","https://openalex.org/W2969929892","https://openalex.org/W2978259066","https://openalex.org/W2981830988","https://openalex.org/W3009644935","https://openalex.org/W3010158807","https://openalex.org/W3032979685","https://openalex.org/W3094897602","https://openalex.org/W3102564565","https://openalex.org/W3105678465","https://openalex.org/W3119316801","https://openalex.org/W3128475754","https://openalex.org/W3147178137","https://openalex.org/W3193235603","https://openalex.org/W3207556990","https://openalex.org/W3209308485","https://openalex.org/W3212650494","https://openalex.org/W3217494379","https://openalex.org/W4221016718","https://openalex.org/W4281563255","https://openalex.org/W4283460246","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W6675357634","https://openalex.org/W6698169118"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W17698779","https://openalex.org/W143348934","https://openalex.org/W2170081145","https://openalex.org/W2610440445","https://openalex.org/W2108101990","https://openalex.org/W4236673163","https://openalex.org/W2094822553","https://openalex.org/W2039343069","https://openalex.org/W2170728496","https://openalex.org/W2160491079"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Time":[0],"series":[1,100,286],"classification":[2,13,34],"is":[3,51,271],"a":[4,82,90,154,218],"key":[5],"problem":[6],"in":[7,77,115,202,222],"data":[8,18,43,215,287],"mining,":[9],"most":[10],"of":[11,49,57,65,117,204,231],"existing":[12,240],"methods":[14,35],"directly":[15],"extract":[16,36,71,95],"one-dimensional":[17,20,42,66,96,195],"from":[19,98,217],"features,":[21],"which":[22],"cannot":[23],"effectively":[24,282],"express":[25],"the":[26,55,223,229],"inter-relation":[27],"between":[28],"different":[29,284],"time":[30,99,285],"points.":[31],"Besides,":[32],"some":[33],"two-dimensional":[37,45,68,118,199],"features":[38,69,97,112,197,201,280],"through":[39],"encoding":[40,58],"raw":[41],"into":[44],"images,":[46],"and":[47,67,74,141,175,198,281],"part":[48],"information":[50,73,105],"lost":[52],"due":[53],"to":[54,61,70,94,192],"difference":[56],"methods.":[59,151,242],"How":[60],"make":[62],"full":[63],"use":[64],"valuable":[72],"integrate":[75],"them":[76],"an":[78],"optimal":[79],"fashion":[80],"remains":[81],"promising":[83],"challenge.":[84],"In":[85],"this":[86],"paper,":[87],"we":[88],"propose":[89],"multi-scale":[91,108,196],"convolutional":[92],"network":[93],"for":[101],"obtaining":[102],"more":[103,278],"feature":[104,156],"based":[106,121,211],"on":[107,122,212],"convolution":[109],"kernels.":[110],"Two-dimensional":[111],"are":[113],"constructed":[114],"terms":[116,203],"image":[119,200],"coding":[120],"<inline-formula":[123,132,142,160,167,176,183,246,253,260],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[124,133,143,161,168,177,184,247,254,261],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[125,134,144,162,169,178,185,248,255,262],"<tex-math":[126,135,145,163,170,179,186,249,256,263],"notation=\"LaTeX\">${G}$":[127],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[128,137,147,165,172,181,188,251,258,265],"ramian":[129],"angular":[130],"field,":[131],"notation=\"LaTeX\">${M}$":[136,264],"arkov":[138],"transition":[139],"field":[140],"notation=\"LaTeX\">${R}$":[146],"ecurrence":[148],"plot":[149],"(GMR)":[150],"We":[152,207],"develop":[153],"multi-dimensional":[155],"fusion":[157],"approach":[158,234,276],"leveraging":[159],"notation=\"LaTeX\">${S}$":[164,180],"queeze-and-":[166],"notation=\"LaTeX\">${E}$":[171],"xcitation":[173],"(SE)":[174],"elf-":[182],"notation=\"LaTeX\">${A}$":[187,257],"ttention":[189],"(SA)":[190],"mechanism":[191],"effective":[193],"fusing":[194],"weight":[205],"setting.":[206],"conduct":[208],"experimental":[209],"verification":[210],"84":[213],"complete":[214],"traces":[216],"typical":[219],"UCR":[220],"dataset":[221],"field.":[224],"Experimental":[225],"results":[226],"show":[227],"that":[228],"accuracy":[230],"our":[232,274],"proposed":[233,275],"improves":[235],"by":[236],"3.35%":[237],"compared":[238],"with":[239],"benchmark":[241],"The":[243],"Grad":[244],"ient-weighted":[245],"notation=\"LaTeX\">${C}$":[250],"lass":[252],"ctivation":[259],"apping":[266],"(Grad-CAM)":[267],"visualization":[268],"analysis":[269],"method":[270],"adopted,":[272],"where":[273],"extracts":[277],"accurate":[279],"distinguishes":[283],"categories.":[288]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
