{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4313892776","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3235397","title":"Connectivity Enhancement of E-VANET Based on QL-mRSU Self-Learning Energy-Saving Algorithm","display_name":"Connectivity Enhancement of E-VANET Based on QL-mRSU Self-Learning Energy-Saving Algorithm","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4313892776","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3235397"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3235397","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3235397","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10012390.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10012390.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075398661","display_name":"YuXiang Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6086-7413"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102345215","display_name":"Xihua University","ror":"https://ror.org/04gwtvf26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102345215"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yuxiang Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Software Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Software Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102345215"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061336895","display_name":"Yao Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9475-7079"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102345215","display_name":"Xihua University","ror":"https://ror.org/04gwtvf26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102345215"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yao Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Software Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Software Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102345215"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046245984","display_name":"Bing Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5397-3795"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102345215","display_name":"Xihua University","ror":"https://ror.org/04gwtvf26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102345215"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Software Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Software Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102345215"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100664889","display_name":"Hong Peng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4736-0164"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102345215","display_name":"Xihua University","ror":"https://ror.org/04gwtvf26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102345215"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hong Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Software Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Software Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102345215"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011204169","display_name":"Jian Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4563-3341"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102345215","display_name":"Xihua University","ror":"https://ror.org/04gwtvf26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102345215"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automobile and Transportation, Xihua University, Chengdu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automobile and Transportation, Xihua University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102345215"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076964382","display_name":"Weikai Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9189-9792"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102345215","display_name":"Xihua University","ror":"https://ror.org/04gwtvf26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102345215"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weikai Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Software Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Software Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102345215"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075398661"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102345215"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.0295,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75032531,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"3810","last_page":"3825"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12546","display_name":"Smart Parking Systems Research","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7535642385482788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.6617194414138794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicular-ad-hoc-network","display_name":"Vehicular ad hoc network","score":0.6427185535430908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.6244921684265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-vehicle","display_name":"Electric vehicle","score":0.529605507850647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.44057950377464294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-service","display_name":"Quality of service","score":0.44055482745170593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.4313186705112457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.42180556058883667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-transportation-system","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","score":0.41354838013648987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-ad-hoc-network","display_name":"Wireless ad hoc network","score":0.3383960425853729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3370498716831207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.20840176939964294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.1638404130935669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.16186508536338806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.13587597012519836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12850147485733032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.10389235615730286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.08845695853233337}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7535642385482788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.6617194414138794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192448918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682677","display_name":"Vehicular ad hoc network","level":4,"score":0.6427185535430908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.6244921684265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776422217","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13629441","display_name":"Electric vehicle","level":3,"score":0.529605507850647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.44057950377464294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5119721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220501","display_name":"Quality of service","level":2,"score":0.44055482745170593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.4313186705112457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.42180556058883667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47796450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q508378","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","level":2,"score":0.41354838013648987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94523657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4085781","display_name":"Wireless ad hoc network","level":3,"score":0.3383960425853729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3370498716831207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.20840176939964294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.1638404130935669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.16186508536338806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.13587597012519836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12850147485733032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.10389235615730286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.08845695853233337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3235397","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3235397","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10012390.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:aeada364762b4fdcac92cc87bf352dae","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/aeada364762b4fdcac92cc87bf352dae","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 11, Pp 3810-3825 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3235397","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3235397","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/10005208/10012390.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8500000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1231421488","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"under","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G37568934","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4892403433","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62176216","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4313892776.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4313892776.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1490692723","https://openalex.org/W1998164851","https://openalex.org/W2078884296","https://openalex.org/W2089910489","https://openalex.org/W2110499865","https://openalex.org/W2113493524","https://openalex.org/W2133631553","https://openalex.org/W2142689959","https://openalex.org/W2163853781","https://openalex.org/W2226842841","https://openalex.org/W2269186914","https://openalex.org/W2410685578","https://openalex.org/W2419015188","https://openalex.org/W2524202702","https://openalex.org/W2525185221","https://openalex.org/W2599149321","https://openalex.org/W2612655903","https://openalex.org/W2621831896","https://openalex.org/W2752663483","https://openalex.org/W2765317667","https://openalex.org/W2772200994","https://openalex.org/W2808191423","https://openalex.org/W2883604876","https://openalex.org/W2886047306","https://openalex.org/W2894485563","https://openalex.org/W2899731036","https://openalex.org/W2901988824","https://openalex.org/W2902356895","https://openalex.org/W2903662191","https://openalex.org/W2911279221","https://openalex.org/W2914506313","https://openalex.org/W2944965207","https://openalex.org/W2951450062","https://openalex.org/W2954198789","https://openalex.org/W2962813278","https://openalex.org/W2964046991","https://openalex.org/W2984923198","https://openalex.org/W3033908518","https://openalex.org/W3039772333","https://openalex.org/W3085972593","https://openalex.org/W3104490111","https://openalex.org/W3113799573","https://openalex.org/W3127369552","https://openalex.org/W3128335622","https://openalex.org/W3134264571","https://openalex.org/W3158254652","https://openalex.org/W4226148194","https://openalex.org/W6629379616"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2027636740","https://openalex.org/W2062688728","https://openalex.org/W2061231656","https://openalex.org/W2771454953","https://openalex.org/W3046762796","https://openalex.org/W3202102306","https://openalex.org/W3046260513","https://openalex.org/W2998294818","https://openalex.org/W45347327","https://openalex.org/W2020269557"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,11,15,28,48,73,118,129,138,145,164,187,191,198,202],"development":[2],"of":[3,13,17,31,52,76,108,140,147,193,205],"smart":[4,7],"cities":[5],"and":[6,111,127,149,178],"electric":[8,55,78,87,95,206],"vehicles":[9,38,79,96,121],"(EVs),":[10],"problem":[12],"improving":[14],"performance":[16,30],"Vehicular":[18],"Ad-hoc":[19],"Networks":[20],"(VANETs)":[21],"is":[22,84,166,179],"gradually":[23],"being":[24],"emphasized.":[25],"To":[26],"improve":[27],"network":[29],"VANETs,":[32],"some":[33],"scholars":[34],"have":[35,43],"considered":[36],"parked":[37,77,97],"as":[39,104,122,137],"roadside":[40,124],"units,":[41],"but":[42],"not":[44],"paid":[45],"attention":[46],"to":[47,71,133,143,168,182],"energy":[49,68,74,150,203],"consumption":[50,75],"characteristics":[51],"vehicles,":[53],"especially":[54],"vehicles.":[56],"Therefore,":[57],"in":[58,98,114],"this":[59],"paper,":[60],"we":[61],"propose":[62],"a":[63],"QL-mRSU":[64],"series":[65],"artificial":[66],"intelligence":[67],"saving":[69],"method":[70,83,165,199],"optimize":[72],"during":[80],"communication.":[81],"The":[82,152],"based":[85],"on":[86,186],"vehicle":[88,207],"self-organizing":[89],"networks":[90],"(E-VANETs),":[91],"which":[92],"dynamically":[93],"cluster":[94],"parking":[99,208],"lots":[100],"by":[101],"parameters":[102],"such":[103,136],"traffic":[105,183],"flow,":[106],"number":[107,139],"service":[109,141],"demands,":[110],"charging":[112],"index":[113],"reinforcement":[115],"learning,":[116],"select":[117],"most":[119],"suitable":[120],"mobile":[123],"units":[125],"(mRSUs),":[126],"adjust":[128],"working":[130],"mode":[131],"according":[132],"environmental":[134],"changes":[135,185],"demands":[142],"achieve":[144],"effects":[146],"self-learning":[148,173],"saving.":[151],"simulation":[153],"experimental":[154],"results":[155],"show":[156],"that":[157],"compared":[158],"with":[159,174],"other":[160],"energy-based":[161],"routing":[162],"algorithms,":[163],"able":[167],"make":[169],"optimal":[170],"choices":[171],"through":[172],"guaranteed":[175],"communication":[176],"quality":[177],"more":[180],"adaptable":[181],"flow":[184],"road,":[188],"thus":[189],"ensuring":[190],"stability":[192],"energy-saving":[194],"efficiency.":[195],"In":[196],"addition,":[197],"significantly":[200],"improves":[201],"structure":[204],"clusters.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-16T08:26:57.006410","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
