{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312900478","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3232078","title":"Bit Error Floor Reduction for MQAM Signals in the Presence of Phase Error","display_name":"Bit Error Floor Reduction for MQAM Signals in the Presence of Phase Error","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312900478","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3232078"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3232078","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3232078","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3232078","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062691663","display_name":"Yeonsoo Jang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5401-303X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801036362","display_name":"Agency for Defense Development","ror":"https://ror.org/05fhe0r85","country_code":"KR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327899338","https://openalex.org/I1344042128","https://openalex.org/I2801036362","https://openalex.org/I2801339556"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yeonsoo Jang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agency for Defense Development, Daejeon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agency for Defense Development, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801036362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101623084","display_name":"Jang-Hoon Oh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4251-5470"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801036362","display_name":"Agency for Defense Development","ror":"https://ror.org/05fhe0r85","country_code":"KR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327899338","https://openalex.org/I1344042128","https://openalex.org/I2801036362","https://openalex.org/I2801339556"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Janghoon Oh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agency for Defense Development, Daejeon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agency for Defense Development, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801036362"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058603038","display_name":"Hyeongyong Lim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4920-1837"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801036362","display_name":"Agency for Defense Development","ror":"https://ror.org/05fhe0r85","country_code":"KR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327899338","https://openalex.org/I1344042128","https://openalex.org/I2801036362","https://openalex.org/I2801339556"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyeongyong Lim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agency for Defense Development, Daejeon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4920-1837","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agency for Defense Development, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801036362"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801036362"],"apc_list":{"value":2075,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2075},"apc_paid":{"value":2075,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2075},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.08388662,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"134356","last_page":"134361"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11873","display_name":"PAPR reduction in OFDM","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadrature-amplitude-modulation","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","score":0.9013029932975769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.5761519074440002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boundary","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","score":0.5669698715209961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadrature","display_name":"Quadrature (astronomy)","score":0.5570580959320068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qam","display_name":"QAM","score":0.5459574460983276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5116674900054932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4802687168121338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplitude","display_name":"Amplitude","score":0.47497624158859253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.4749695956707001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase","display_name":"Phase (matter)","score":0.4600832462310791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-shift-keying","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","score":0.45581263303756714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4354846477508545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.2939279079437256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.26384326815605164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.22598344087600708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.20504894852638245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.172203928232193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.11557868123054504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.07812756299972534}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32409245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749753","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","level":4,"score":0.9013029932975769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5761519074440002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62354387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875399","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","level":2,"score":0.5669698715209961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62869609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28137","display_name":"Quadrature (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.5570580959320068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59030546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7265371","display_name":"QAM","level":5,"score":0.5459574460983276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5116674900054932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4802687168121338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180205008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159190","display_name":"Amplitude","level":2,"score":0.47497624158859253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.4749695956707001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.4600832462310791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186378180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4874866","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","level":4,"score":0.45581263303756714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4354846477508545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.2939279079437256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.26384326815605164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.22598344087600708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.20504894852638245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.172203928232193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.11557868123054504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.07812756299972534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3232078","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3232078","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ff0631621a214287ae3603a8d71c0ee3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ff0631621a214287ae3603a8d71c0ee3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 10, Pp 134356-134361 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3232078","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3232078","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6800000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323103","display_name":"Agency for Defense Development","ror":"https://ror.org/05fhe0r85"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2022883716","https://openalex.org/W2038357739","https://openalex.org/W2094135260","https://openalex.org/W2114183201","https://openalex.org/W2123371151","https://openalex.org/W2137714729","https://openalex.org/W2150966048","https://openalex.org/W2407411017","https://openalex.org/W2508720818","https://openalex.org/W2612931432","https://openalex.org/W2735745074","https://openalex.org/W2944636546","https://openalex.org/W2976377566","https://openalex.org/W3009520446","https://openalex.org/W3091804670","https://openalex.org/W3210559800"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4390873927","https://openalex.org/W2893995248","https://openalex.org/W2085207364","https://openalex.org/W2159438609","https://openalex.org/W2148868771","https://openalex.org/W2900995485","https://openalex.org/W2147334234","https://openalex.org/W2901356766","https://openalex.org/W3196902411","https://openalex.org/W2139936226"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,29],"propose":[1],"a":[2,6,75],"method":[3],"to":[4,17,43,56],"form":[5],"non-uniform":[7],"decision":[8,41,54,78],"boundary":[9,79],"(NUDB)":[10],"for$M$-ary":[11],"quadrature":[12],"amplitude":[13],"modulation":[14],"(MQAM)":[15],"signals":[16],"reduce":[18],"bit":[19],"error":[20],"floor":[21],"(BEF)":[22],"in":[23],"the":[24,53,58,68],"presence":[25],"of":[26],"phase":[27],"error.":[28],"put":[30],"our":[31],"focus":[32],"on":[33],"angle":[34,46,60],"distances":[35],"between":[36],"MQAM":[37],"symbols":[38],"and":[39,48,82,87],"adjacent":[40],"boundaries":[42,55],"observe":[44],"minimum":[45,59],"distance,":[47],"derive":[49],"optimum":[50],"intervals":[51],"for":[52,85],"maximize":[57],"distance.":[61],"Through":[62],"computer":[63],"simulations,":[64],"we":[65],"verify":[66],"that":[67],"proposed":[69],"NUDB":[70],"shows":[71],"lower":[72],"BEF":[73],"than":[74],"conventional":[76],"uniform":[77],"by":[80],"56%":[81],"15%":[83],"smaller":[84],"16QAM":[86],"64QAM,":[88],"respectively.":[89]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
