{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312854033","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3228964","title":"Retrieval-Augmented Response Generation for Knowledge-Grounded Conversation in the Wild","display_name":"Retrieval-Augmented Response Generation for Knowledge-Grounded Conversation in the Wild","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312854033","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3228964"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3228964","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3228964","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09982598.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09982598.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049243432","display_name":"Yeonchan Ahn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8384-6383"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yeonchan Ahn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Posicube Inc, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8384-6383","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Posicube Inc, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102802605","display_name":"Sang\u2010goo Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0063-0083"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sang-Goo Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0063-0083","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077087855","display_name":"Junho Shim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4315-4117"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31766871","display_name":"Sookmyung Women's University","ror":"https://ror.org/00vvvt117","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31766871"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junho Shim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Sookmyung Women&#x2019;s University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4315-4117","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Sookmyung Women&#x2019;s University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31766871"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101573857","display_name":"Jaehui Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7385-5494"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaehui Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7385-5494","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049243432"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":4.1636,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94734716,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"131374","last_page":"131385"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conversation","display_name":"Conversation","score":0.9040228128433228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7798786163330078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6000450849533081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-token","display_name":"Security token","score":0.5930781960487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.44156578183174133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.432275652885437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.4303194284439087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4273703694343567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.41223597526550293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.2657967209815979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.13596367835998535}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777200299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52943","display_name":"Conversation","level":2,"score":0.9040228128433228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7798786163330078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6000450849533081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48145219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335365","display_name":"Security token","level":2,"score":0.5930781960487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.44156578183174133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.432275652885437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.4303194284439087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4273703694343567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.41223597526550293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.2657967209815979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.13596367835998535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3228964","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3228964","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09982598.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:aec92fde4f36460685d52a7d2568ceb9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/aec92fde4f36460685d52a7d2568ceb9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 10, Pp 131374-131385 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3228964","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3228964","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09982598.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.6600000262260437}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G715013167","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020R1F1A1075952","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322030","display_name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning","ror":"https://ror.org/032e49973"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4312854033.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4312854033.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1854214752","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2078861931","https://openalex.org/W2101105183","https://openalex.org/W2105482032","https://openalex.org/W2133512280","https://openalex.org/W2157331557","https://openalex.org/W2525778437","https://openalex.org/W2559655401","https://openalex.org/W2891826200","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2950902819","https://openalex.org/W2962838727","https://openalex.org/W2963096510","https://openalex.org/W2963206148","https://openalex.org/W2963769536","https://openalex.org/W2963945575","https://openalex.org/W2964458951","https://openalex.org/W2972324944","https://openalex.org/W2990138404","https://openalex.org/W2997300509","https://openalex.org/W2998702515","https://openalex.org/W3015468748","https://openalex.org/W3034383590","https://openalex.org/W3034999214","https://openalex.org/W3035755323","https://openalex.org/W3041096702","https://openalex.org/W3092510499","https://openalex.org/W3099700870","https://openalex.org/W3104123491","https://openalex.org/W3104777900","https://openalex.org/W3106429660","https://openalex.org/W3134891661","https://openalex.org/W3152943448","https://openalex.org/W3155807546","https://openalex.org/W3198642385","https://openalex.org/W4206890427","https://openalex.org/W4285307790","https://openalex.org/W4389009499","https://openalex.org/W6631501603","https://openalex.org/W6638318767","https://openalex.org/W6727690538","https://openalex.org/W6755007375","https://openalex.org/W6755699846","https://openalex.org/W6771430711","https://openalex.org/W6771543990","https://openalex.org/W6776048684","https://openalex.org/W6777615688"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W1968552888","https://openalex.org/W2374116601","https://openalex.org/W3093134843","https://openalex.org/W1511346092","https://openalex.org/W1527532029","https://openalex.org/W2378167147","https://openalex.org/W3210777354","https://openalex.org/W2281307425","https://openalex.org/W2772323916"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Users":[0],"on":[1,7,45],"the":[2,17,31,51,57,61,84,109,113,116,127,136,143,149,155,168,202],"internet":[3],"usually":[4],"have":[5],"conversations":[6],"interesting":[8],"facts":[9],"or":[10],"topics":[11],"along":[12],"with":[13,151,184],"diverse":[14],"knowledge":[15],"from":[16,108,135,148],"web.":[18],"However,":[19],"most":[20],"existing":[21],"knowledge-grounded":[22,98,172],"conversation":[23,91,111,137,150],"models":[24,40,191],"consider":[25],"only":[26,56],"a":[27,34,42,68,90,97,162,185],"single":[28],"document":[29,139],"regarding":[30],"topic":[32,53,85,105],"of":[33,60,79,89,126,133,146,154],"conversation.":[35,62],"The":[36],"recently":[37],"proposed":[38],"retrieval-augmented":[39,70],"generate":[41,193],"response":[43,71,117],"based":[44],"multiple":[46,120],"documents;":[47],"however,":[48],"they":[49],"ignore":[50],"given":[52],"and":[54,86,92,112,131,138,141,180,197],"use":[55],"local":[58,87],"context":[59,88],"To":[63],"this":[64],"end,":[65],"we":[66,160],"introduce":[67,161],"novel":[69],"generation":[72],"model":[73,101,169],"that":[74,189],"retrieves":[75],"an":[76],"appropriate":[77],"range":[78],"documents":[80],"relevant":[81,198],"to":[82,118,166,170,201],"both":[83,104],"uses":[93],"them":[94],"for":[95],"generating":[96],"response.":[99],"Our":[100],"first":[102,128],"accepts":[103],"words":[106],"extracted":[107],"whole":[110],"tokens":[114],"before":[115],"yield":[119],"representations.":[121],"It":[122],"then":[123],"chooses":[124],"representations":[125],"N":[129],"token":[130],"ones":[132],"keywords":[134],"encoders":[140],"compares":[142],"two":[144],"groups":[145,153],"representation":[147],"those":[152],"document,":[156],"respectively.":[157],"For":[158],"training,":[159],"new":[163],"data-weighting":[164],"scheme":[165],"encourage":[167],"produce":[171],"responses":[173,199],"without":[174],"ground":[175],"truth":[176],"knowledge.":[177],"Both":[178],"automatic":[179],"human":[181],"evaluation":[182],"results":[183],"large-scale":[186],"dataset":[187],"show":[188],"our":[190],"can":[192],"more":[194],"knowledgeable,":[195],"diverse,":[196],"compared":[200],"state-of-the-art":[203],"models.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-04T09:04:59.091469","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
