{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312858553","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3223557","title":"Civil Infrastructure Digital Twins: Multi-Level Knowledge Map, Research Gaps, and Future Directions","display_name":"Civil Infrastructure Digital Twins: Multi-Level Knowledge Map, Research Gaps, and Future Directions","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312858553","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3223557"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3223557","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3223557","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09955548.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09955548.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070154297","display_name":"Hossein Naderi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6625-1326"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hossein Naderi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Myers-Lawson School of Construction, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6625-1326","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Myers-Lawson School of Construction, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013095506","display_name":"Alireza Shojaei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3970-0541"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alireza Shojaei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Myers-Lawson School of Construction, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3970-0541","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Myers-Lawson School of Construction, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":2.9432,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91347814,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"122022","last_page":"122037"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10763","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Industry","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10763","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Industry","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11006","display_name":"BIM and Construction Integration","score":0.9883999824523926,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11891","display_name":"Big Data and Business Intelligence","score":0.9179999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6106153726577759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3696625828742981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.3542552590370178}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6106153726577759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3696625828742981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.3542552590370178}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3223557","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3223557","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09955548.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:209be1bd0ff44e04a0176247110120a8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/209be1bd0ff44e04a0176247110120a8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 10, Pp 122022-122037 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3223557","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3223557","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09955548.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.6000000238418579}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309646","display_name":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4312858553.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4312858553.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":108,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W122374328","https://openalex.org/W150292108","https://openalex.org/W169702045","https://openalex.org/W1559665635","https://openalex.org/W1646074461","https://openalex.org/W1767272795","https://openalex.org/W1861234877","https://openalex.org/W1977209379","https://openalex.org/W1981094377","https://openalex.org/W1990442798","https://openalex.org/W1993499281","https://openalex.org/W2000784362","https://openalex.org/W2005207065","https://openalex.org/W2009918649","https://openalex.org/W2012962798","https://openalex.org/W2016669984","https://openalex.org/W2018112619","https://openalex.org/W2021276775","https://openalex.org/W2029173860","https://openalex.org/W2032841931","https://openalex.org/W2046074714","https://openalex.org/W2056944867","https://openalex.org/W2108680868","https://openalex.org/W2120867647","https://openalex.org/W2125910575","https://openalex.org/W2126619093","https://openalex.org/W2142225512","https://openalex.org/W2150220236","https://openalex.org/W2170955543","https://openalex.org/W2341014110","https://openalex.org/W2346505350","https://openalex.org/W2516497845","https://openalex.org/W2518003110","https://openalex.org/W2540454789","https://openalex.org/W2550102550","https://openalex.org/W2567362164","https://openalex.org/W2589537804","https://openalex.org/W2596272678","https://openalex.org/W2598421613","https://openalex.org/W2605428484","https://openalex.org/W2607234710","https://openalex.org/W2620402730","https://openalex.org/W2755950973","https://openalex.org/W2783918566","https://openalex.org/W2793327830","https://openalex.org/W2794230447","https://openalex.org/W2803175206","https://openalex.org/W2803693227","https://openalex.org/W2890904471","https://openalex.org/W2902804895","https://openalex.org/W2912850190","https://openalex.org/W2933019452","https://openalex.org/W2948944248","https://openalex.org/W2966906878","https://openalex.org/W2978460521","https://openalex.org/W2981077025","https://openalex.org/W2989530049","https://openalex.org/W3011965088","https://openalex.org/W3013120860","https://openalex.org/W3013176774","https://openalex.org/W3036600965","https://openalex.org/W3040193577","https://openalex.org/W3087778284","https://openalex.org/W3091873292","https://openalex.org/W3092647364","https://openalex.org/W3093043869","https://openalex.org/W3098217728","https://openalex.org/W3107782157","https://openalex.org/W3110343872","https://openalex.org/W3116566930","https://openalex.org/W3123554164","https://openalex.org/W3132404826","https://openalex.org/W3135141666","https://openalex.org/W3137297233","https://openalex.org/W3139158806","https://openalex.org/W3139477989","https://openalex.org/W3150590266","https://openalex.org/W3159371311","https://openalex.org/W3163698194","https://openalex.org/W3171674920","https://openalex.org/W3173458433","https://openalex.org/W3183504846","https://openalex.org/W3184943734","https://openalex.org/W3186147994","https://openalex.org/W3187339139","https://openalex.org/W3188316251","https://openalex.org/W3190497587","https://openalex.org/W3195534059","https://openalex.org/W3206399000","https://openalex.org/W3207999558","https://openalex.org/W3217755724","https://openalex.org/W4200195751","https://openalex.org/W4200226188","https://openalex.org/W4200461109","https://openalex.org/W4200546130","https://openalex.org/W4200612054","https://openalex.org/W4206724870","https://openalex.org/W4210516792","https://openalex.org/W4213373238","https://openalex.org/W4221024903","https://openalex.org/W4238591974","https://openalex.org/W4239709965","https://openalex.org/W4248758218","https://openalex.org/W4250810012","https://openalex.org/W4280550070","https://openalex.org/W6606876819","https://openalex.org/W6645400687","https://openalex.org/W6774994941"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Digital":[0],"Twins":[1],"(DTs)":[2],"have":[3,157],"received":[4],"considerable":[5],"attention":[6],"as":[7,64,187],"an":[8,120],"emerging":[9],"technology":[10],"in":[11,37,74,100],"recent":[12],"years,":[13],"which":[14],"can":[15],"offer":[16],"advantages":[17],"for":[18],"improving":[19],"the":[20,25,31,38,46,67,115,145,175],"performance":[21],"of":[22,28,34,48,55,66,103,122,128,138,148,181],"infrastructures.":[23],"However,":[24],"inherent":[26],"complexity":[27],"infrastructures":[29],"alongside":[30],"nascent":[32],"nature":[33],"digital":[35,50],"twins":[36,51],"Architecture,":[39],"Engineering,":[40],"and":[41,105,131,141,153,178,198],"Construction":[42],"(AEC)":[43],"industry":[44],"hinders":[45],"adoption":[47],"infrastructure":[49],"(IDTs).":[52],"The":[53],"lack":[54],"common":[56],"understanding":[57],"among":[58],"different":[59,88],"stakeholders":[60,89],"has":[61],"been":[62,158],"noted":[63],"one":[65],"most":[68],"significant":[69],"roadblocks":[70],"to":[71,82,118,171,195],"implementing":[72],"IDTs":[73,99],"practice.":[75],"This":[76],"study":[77],"is":[78],"a":[79,91,126,167,188],"quantitative":[80],"attempt":[81],"address":[83],"this":[84],"gap":[85],"by":[86,95],"providing":[87],"with":[90],"multi-layer":[92],"knowledge":[93,110,140,169],"map":[94,170],"analyzing":[96],"139":[97],"identified":[98],"three":[101],"levels":[102],"bibliometric":[104],"social":[106,132],"network":[107,133,147],"analyses.":[108],"First,":[109],"themes":[111],"are":[112],"extracted":[113],"from":[114],"most-frequent":[116],"journals":[117],"provide":[119],"overview":[121],"IDT":[123,139],"knowledge.":[124],"Second,":[125],"combination":[127],"co-citation":[129],"analysis":[130],"theories":[134],"illustrated":[135],"six":[136],"clusters":[137],"their":[142],"relationships.":[143],"Third,":[144],"co-occurrence":[146],"keywords":[149],"revealed":[150],"where,":[151],"why,":[152],"what":[154],"enabling":[155],"technologies":[156],"employed":[159],"so":[160],"far.":[161],"These":[162],"findings":[163],"were":[164],"synthesized":[165],"into":[166],"three-layer":[168],"not":[172],"only":[173],"illustrate":[174],"maturity":[176],"level":[177],"evolution":[179],"potentials":[180],"each":[182],"layer":[183],"but":[184],"also":[185],"serve":[186],"hierarchical":[189],"strategic":[190],"plan":[191],"recommending":[192],"future":[193],"direction":[194],"decision-makers,":[196],"researchers,":[197],"practitioners.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-31T08:31:51.225901","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
