{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312389114","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3217663","title":"Numerical Assessments Employing Neural Networks for a Novel Drafted Anti-Virus Subcategory in a Nonlinear Fractional-Order SIR Differential System","display_name":"Numerical Assessments Employing Neural Networks for a Novel Drafted Anti-Virus Subcategory in a Nonlinear Fractional-Order SIR Differential System","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312389114","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3217663"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3217663","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3217663","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09932545.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09932545.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057606720","display_name":"Sakda Noinang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72091625","display_name":"Ubon Ratchathani University","ror":"https://ror.org/045nemn19","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72091625"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sakda Noinang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics Statistics and Computer, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics Statistics and Computer, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72091625"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109592182","display_name":"Maham Munawar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142732210","display_name":"University of Engineering and Technology Lahore","ror":"https://ror.org/0051w2v06","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142732210"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maham Munawar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142732210"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100740838","display_name":"Muhammad Asif Zahoor Raja","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9953-822X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75357094","display_name":"National Yunlin University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04qkq2m54","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75357094"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Asif Zahoor Raja","raw_affiliation_strings":["Future Technology Research Center, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Douliou, Yunlin, Taiwan","Future Technology Research Center, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, 123 University Road, Section 3, R.O.C., Douliou, Yunlin, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Future Technology Research Center, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Douliou, Yunlin, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75357094"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Future Technology Research Center, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, 123 University Road, Section 3, R.O.C., Douliou, Yunlin, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75357094"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020317036","display_name":"Zulqurnain Sabir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7466-6233"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I263208278","display_name":"Hazara University","ror":"https://ror.org/018y22094","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I263208278"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zulqurnain Sabir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I263208278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078096818","display_name":"Thongchai Botmart","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9325-5560"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179193067","display_name":"Khon Kaen University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cq4gr50","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179193067"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thongchai Botmart","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9325-5560","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179193067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081873979","display_name":"Wajaree Weera","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9595-6096"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179193067","display_name":"Khon Kaen University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cq4gr50","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179193067"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wajaree Weera","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9595-6096","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179193067"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084536914","display_name":"Prem Junsawang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0468-1862"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179193067","display_name":"Khon Kaen University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cq4gr50","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179193067"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prem Junsawang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179193067"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5057606720"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72091625"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.6879,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65436662,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"114192","last_page":"114202"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10288","display_name":"Fractional Differential Equations Solutions","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2611","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10288","display_name":"Fractional Differential Equations Solutions","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2611","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10482","display_name":"Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10410","display_name":"COVID-19 epidemiological studies","score":0.9552000164985657,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2611","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.6799408197402954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5931610465049744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.5765915513038635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backpropagation","display_name":"Backpropagation","score":0.5762919187545776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.5425335764884949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.4699918031692505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4590649902820587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.4338591992855072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.36482399702072144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3511800467967987}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6799408197402954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5931610465049744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.5765915513038635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155032097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q798503","display_name":"Backpropagation","level":3,"score":0.5762919187545776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5425335764884949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4699918031692505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4590649902820587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.4338591992855072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.36482399702072144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3511800467967987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3217663","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3217663","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09932545.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3986bfe3bef24a8a8086262d62de2064","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3986bfe3bef24a8a8086262d62de2064","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 10, Pp 114192-114202 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3217663","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3217663","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09932545.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4312389114.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4312389114.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1537067540","https://openalex.org/W1979384126","https://openalex.org/W1981589225","https://openalex.org/W1983617636","https://openalex.org/W2012405765","https://openalex.org/W2014504856","https://openalex.org/W2074959888","https://openalex.org/W2095744875","https://openalex.org/W2097338736","https://openalex.org/W2116668126","https://openalex.org/W2135457871","https://openalex.org/W2143224214","https://openalex.org/W2153692272","https://openalex.org/W2338717024","https://openalex.org/W2765839207","https://openalex.org/W2969767898","https://openalex.org/W2995873270","https://openalex.org/W2998069371","https://openalex.org/W3020127197","https://openalex.org/W3022420077","https://openalex.org/W3034560014","https://openalex.org/W3035055142","https://openalex.org/W3036059498","https://openalex.org/W3081161473","https://openalex.org/W3094080104","https://openalex.org/W3122653692","https://openalex.org/W3170559703","https://openalex.org/W3216364914","https://openalex.org/W4205563210","https://openalex.org/W4211254750","https://openalex.org/W4220652400","https://openalex.org/W4223994751","https://openalex.org/W4224879935","https://openalex.org/W4225579892","https://openalex.org/W4226082378","https://openalex.org/W4226158921","https://openalex.org/W4281557820","https://openalex.org/W6780197343"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2894173309","https://openalex.org/W4206400463","https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W2157746493","https://openalex.org/W2792697259","https://openalex.org/W1495379181","https://openalex.org/W637433680","https://openalex.org/W2371065793","https://openalex.org/W2391384657","https://openalex.org/W2386707516"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Whereas":[0],"computer":[1,12],"viruses":[2],"(CVs)":[3],"are":[4,192,206,268],"a":[5,57,61],"terrible":[6],"threat":[7],"to":[8,20,23,28,51,71,98,146,148,198,232],"individual":[9],"and":[10,152,173,216,246,263],"corporate":[11],"structures.":[13],"A":[14,43],"considerable":[15],"attempt":[16],"has":[17,137],"been":[18,140],"made":[19],"research":[21,126],"ways":[22],"prevent":[24],"their":[25],"negative":[26],"consequences,":[27],"develop":[29,52],"anti-virus":[30],"software":[31],"that":[32,63,119,136],"behave":[33],"as":[34],"vaccines":[35],"in":[36],"desktop":[37],"computers":[38],"or":[39],"strategic":[40],"network":[41,62,99],"nodes.":[42],"further":[44],"method":[45],"for":[46,202,211,214,218],"combating":[47],"viral":[48],"transmission":[49],"is":[50,86,106,162],"preventative":[53],"strategies":[54],"associated":[55],"with":[56,75,90,184,228],"given":[58],"performance":[59],"of":[60,81,93,113,154,236,251],"may":[64],"be":[65,147],"described":[66],"using":[67,164,221,254],"population":[68],"models":[69],"compared":[70],"the":[72,111,150,179,188,203,223,229,234,248],"few":[73],"employed":[74],"epidemiological":[76],"analyses.":[77],"An":[78,159],"updated":[79],"variation":[80],"such":[82,155,237],"SIR":[83],"(Susceptible-Infected-Removed)":[84],"framework":[85],"offered":[87],"here,":[88],"along":[89],"an":[91],"explanation":[92],"whether":[94],"these":[95,252],"parameters":[96],"correspond":[97],"properties.":[100],"The":[101,194],"novel":[102,130],"formed":[103],"SAIR":[104,132],"model":[105,135],"then":[107],"numerically":[108],"treated,":[109],"employing":[110],"qualities":[112],"stochastic":[114,165],"procedure-based":[115],"numerical":[116,200,224,249],"computation":[117],"approaches":[118],"use":[120],"neural":[121],"networks":[122],"(NNs).":[123],"In":[124],"this":[125],"study,":[127],"we":[128],"suggest":[129],"fractional-order":[131],"(FO-SAIR)":[133],"differential":[134,157],"not":[138],"previously":[139],"published.":[141],"This":[142],"study\u2019s":[143],"aim":[144],"appeared":[145],"demonstrate":[149],"effects":[151],"applicability":[153],"FO-SAIR":[156,160,180,204],"scheme.":[158],"problem":[161],"examined":[163],"solvers":[166],"relyed":[167],"upon":[168],"Levenberg-Marquardt":[169],"backpropagation":[170],"approach":[171],"(L-MB)":[172],"NNs,":[174],"specifically":[175],"L-MBNNs.":[176,238],"For":[177],"solve":[178],"system,":[181],"three":[182],"examples":[183],"different":[185],"values":[186],"under":[187],"same":[189],"fractional":[190],"order":[191],"presented.":[193],"statistical":[195],"methods":[196],"used":[197],"generate":[199],"answers":[201],"system":[205],"categorised":[207],"thus":[208],"obeys:":[209],"75%":[210],"training,":[212],"13%":[213],"testing,":[215],"12%":[217],"permission.":[219],"By":[220],"Adams-Bashforth-Moulton,":[222],"results":[225],"were":[226],"contrasted":[227],"reference":[230],"solutions":[231],"determine":[233],"accuracy":[235],"To":[239],"confirm":[240],"overall":[241],"capability,":[242],"competence,":[243],"validity,":[244],"consistency,":[245],"exactness,":[247],"performances":[250],"L-MBNNs":[253],"error":[255,266],"histograms":[256],"(EHs),":[257],"state":[258],"transitions":[259],"(STs),":[260],"regression,":[261],"correlation,":[262],"mean":[264],"square":[265],"(MSE)":[267],"also":[269],"shown.":[270]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}