{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312657855","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3217222","title":"Analyzing GCN Aggregation on GPU","display_name":"Analyzing GCN Aggregation on GPU","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312657855","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3217222"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3217222","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3217222","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09930519.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09930519.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090814355","display_name":"Inje Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9977-5476"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Inje Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9977-5476","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101892062","display_name":"Jong Hyun Jeong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6749-9948"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonghyun Jeong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015526090","display_name":"Yunho Oh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6442-3705"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunho Oh","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040253395","display_name":"Myung Kuk Yoon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9332-0251"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138925566","display_name":"Ewha Womans University","ror":"https://ror.org/053fp5c05","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138925566"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Myung Kuk Yoon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9332-0251","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138925566"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055061586","display_name":"Gunjae Koo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1706-6850"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gunjae Koo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1706-6850","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5090814355"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.3389,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5901989,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"113046","last_page":"113060"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12859","display_name":"Cell Image Analysis Techniques","score":0.9732000231742859,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7777267694473267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.5357915759086609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cuda","display_name":"CUDA","score":0.4162021577358246}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7777267694473267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.5357915759086609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778119891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477690","display_name":"CUDA","level":2,"score":0.4162021577358246}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3217222","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3217222","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09930519.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b10a0339216e4984b0b1526c5dc0473b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b10a0339216e4984b0b1526c5dc0473b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 10, Pp 113046-113060 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3217222","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3217222","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09930519.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1161642172","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IITP-2022-2020-0-01819","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","funder_display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1648559959","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022R1C1C1011021","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3258356250","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2021R1C1C1012172","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4700831490","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","funder_display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5282237008","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IITP-2022-2020-0-01819","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5932296353","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022-0-01198","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6403016105","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IITP-2022-2020-0-01819","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7099985178","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2022R1C1C1011021","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8018065544","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020-0-01819","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321373","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion","ror":"https://ror.org/01g0hqq23"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4312657855.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4312657855.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":63,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W179875071","https://openalex.org/W1504291959","https://openalex.org/W1962065685","https://openalex.org/W1968775993","https://openalex.org/W1982366717","https://openalex.org/W1985807728","https://openalex.org/W1997162567","https://openalex.org/W2002555321","https://openalex.org/W2018658595","https://openalex.org/W2021211271","https://openalex.org/W2047060659","https://openalex.org/W2077718774","https://openalex.org/W2128653745","https://openalex.org/W2295258302","https://openalex.org/W2607500032","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2626312854","https://openalex.org/W2740828438","https://openalex.org/W2771035597","https://openalex.org/W2782087530","https://openalex.org/W2895744665","https://openalex.org/W2900470550","https://openalex.org/W2950810196","https://openalex.org/W2961295589","https://openalex.org/W2963312446","https://openalex.org/W2963695795","https://openalex.org/W2979057167","https://openalex.org/W3004208721","https://openalex.org/W3004675504","https://openalex.org/W3005644236","https://openalex.org/W3017228913","https://openalex.org/W3028827364","https://openalex.org/W3042370959","https://openalex.org/W3042890712","https://openalex.org/W3082891099","https://openalex.org/W3095937012","https://openalex.org/W3100078588","https://openalex.org/W3102510044","https://openalex.org/W3105753905","https://openalex.org/W3122089757","https://openalex.org/W3132695675","https://openalex.org/W3157609068","https://openalex.org/W3158399077","https://openalex.org/W3160477826","https://openalex.org/W4286892599","https://openalex.org/W4288101963","https://openalex.org/W4294558607","https://openalex.org/W4297733535","https://openalex.org/W4322614756","https://openalex.org/W6699364125","https://openalex.org/W6730084236","https://openalex.org/W6738964360","https://openalex.org/W6741910194","https://openalex.org/W6746313456","https://openalex.org/W6748799445","https://openalex.org/W6755374895","https://openalex.org/W6756561102","https://openalex.org/W6765543928","https://openalex.org/W6768533090","https://openalex.org/W6771621015","https://openalex.org/W6776488958","https://openalex.org/W6781462661","https://openalex.org/W6802872360"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4399354997","https://openalex.org/W3062287","https://openalex.org/W2380390332","https://openalex.org/W2005148983","https://openalex.org/W2012954338","https://openalex.org/W2096672917","https://openalex.org/W2392023973"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Graph":[0],"convolutional":[1],"neural":[2,7,61],"networks":[3,8],"(GCNs)":[4],"are":[5,144],"emerging":[6],"for":[9,131],"graph":[10,51,78,82,128,221],"structures":[11,83],"that":[12,159,190,236],"include":[13],"large":[14],"features":[15,55],"associated":[16],"with":[17],"each":[18],"vertex.":[19],"The":[20],"operations":[21],"of":[22,97,107,125,138,156,171,195,208,220,241],"GCN":[23,70,98,132,242],"can":[24,173,237],"be":[25,174],"divided":[26],"into":[27],"two":[28,154],"phases":[29],"-":[30],"aggregation":[31,48,71,99,109,157,172,197],"and":[32,44,115,162,181,217,233],"combination.":[33],"While":[34],"the":[35,47,94,108,123,126,136,150,169,187,192,196,206,239],"combination":[36],"just":[37],"performs":[38],"matrix":[39],"multiplications":[40],"using":[41,80,111],"trained":[42],"weights":[43],"aggregated":[45],"features,":[46],"phase":[49],"requires":[50],"traversal":[52],"to":[53,92,199],"collect":[54],"from":[56],"adjacent":[57],"vertices.":[58],"Even":[59],"though":[60],"network":[62],"applications":[63],"rely":[64],"on":[65,100,149,224],"GPU\u2019s":[66],"massively":[67],"parallel":[68],"processing,":[69],"kernels":[72,110,158,198],"exhibit":[73],"rather":[74],"low":[75],"performance":[76,95,170,207,240],"since":[77],"processing":[79],"compressed":[81,163],"provokes":[84],"frequent":[85],"irregular":[86],"accesses":[87],"in":[88,141],"GPUs.":[89],"In":[90],"order":[91],"investigate":[93],"hurdles":[96],"GPU,":[101],"we":[102,152,227],"perform":[103],"an":[104],"in-depth":[105],"analysis":[106,204],"real":[112],"GPU":[113,118,209],"hardware":[114],"a":[116],"cycle-accurate":[117],"simulator.":[119],"We":[120,134,184],"first":[121],"analyze":[122,186],"characteristics":[124],"popular":[127],"datasets":[129],"used":[130],"studies.":[133],"reveal":[135],"fractions":[137],"non-zero":[139],"elements":[140],"feature":[142,164,182,218],"vectors":[143],"diverse":[145],"among":[146],"datasets.":[147,222],"Based":[148,223],"observation,":[151],"build":[153],"types":[155],"handle":[160],"uncompressed":[161],"vectors.":[165],"Our":[166,203],"evaluation":[167],"exhibits":[168],"significantly":[175],"influenced":[176,213],"by":[177,214],"kernel":[178,230],"design":[179,231],"approaches":[180,232],"density.":[183],"also":[185],"individual":[188],"loads":[189],"access":[191,215],"data":[193],"arrays":[194],"specify":[200],"critical":[201],"loads.":[202],"reveals":[205],"memory":[210],"hierarchy":[211],"is":[212],"patterns":[216],"size":[219],"our":[225],"observations":[226],"discuss":[228],"possible":[229],"architectural":[234],"ideas":[235],"improve":[238],"aggregation.":[243]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}