{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312425321","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3213828","title":"A 6.3-ppm/\u00b0C, 100-nA Current Reference With Active Trimming in 28-nm Bulk CMOS Technology","display_name":"A 6.3-ppm/\u00b0C, 100-nA Current Reference With Active Trimming in 28-nm Bulk CMOS Technology","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312425321","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3213828"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3213828","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3213828","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09916267.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09916267.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053193169","display_name":"Andrea Ballo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1192-0104"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39063666","display_name":"University of Catania","ror":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Ballo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica Elettronica e Informatica, University of Catania, Catania, Italy","Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica Elettronica e Informatica), University of Catania, Catania, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1192-0104","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica Elettronica e Informatica, University of Catania, Catania, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica Elettronica e Informatica), University of Catania, Catania, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078615947","display_name":"Alfio Dario Grasso","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5707-9683"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39063666","display_name":"University of Catania","ror":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alfio Dario Grasso","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica Elettronica e Informatica, University of Catania, Catania, Italy","Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica Elettronica e Informatica), University of Catania, Catania, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5707-9683","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica Elettronica e Informatica, University of Catania, Catania, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica Elettronica e Informatica), University of Catania, Catania, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034998942","display_name":"Marco Privitera","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7492-6653"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39063666","display_name":"University of Catania","ror":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Privitera","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica Elettronica e Informatica, University of Catania, Catania, Italy","Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica Elettronica e Informatica), University of Catania, Catania, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7492-6653","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica Elettronica e Informatica, University of Catania, Catania, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica Elettronica e Informatica), University of Catania, Catania, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.5723,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58818642,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"108342","last_page":"108353"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.8341104388237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trimming","display_name":"Trimming","score":0.8179594278335571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resistor","display_name":"Resistor","score":0.7423616647720337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.6099836826324463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/line","display_name":"Line (geometry)","score":0.5049722790718079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/current","display_name":"Current (fluid)","score":0.5043259859085083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.4859939515590668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.41000470519065857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.40827837586402893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.38460400700569153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analytical-chemistry","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","score":0.38061484694480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.377571165561676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.34687137603759766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.3450815677642822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3136098384857178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.226045161485672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.222603440284729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.19682443141937256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermodynamics","display_name":"Thermodynamics","score":0.07461559772491455}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.8341104388237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56951928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3539213","display_name":"Trimming","level":2,"score":0.8179594278335571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137488568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5321","display_name":"Resistor","level":3,"score":0.7423616647720337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.6099836826324463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198352243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37105","display_name":"Line (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.5049722790718079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148043351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4456944","display_name":"Current (fluid)","level":2,"score":0.5043259859085083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4859939515590668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.41000470519065857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.40827837586402893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.38460400700569153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113196181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485223","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","level":2,"score":0.38061484694480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.377571165561676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.34687137603759766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.3450815677642822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3136098384857178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.226045161485672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.222603440284729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.19682443141937256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.07461559772491455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3213828","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3213828","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09916267.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5862f451f6264905bb90cad1b74fd8d8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5862f451f6264905bb90cad1b74fd8d8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 10, Pp 108342-108353 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3213828","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3213828","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09916267.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.5600000023841858}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3700604039","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20177MEZ7T","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321873","funder_display_name":"Ministero dell\u2019Istruzione, dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321873","display_name":"Ministero dell\u2019Istruzione, dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","ror":"https://ror.org/0166hxq48"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322690","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 di Catania","ror":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4312425321.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4312425321.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1577694750","https://openalex.org/W1650807027","https://openalex.org/W1968087121","https://openalex.org/W1975946947","https://openalex.org/W1979902309","https://openalex.org/W1981569522","https://openalex.org/W1985987051","https://openalex.org/W2066349538","https://openalex.org/W2078431559","https://openalex.org/W2089510864","https://openalex.org/W2091510558","https://openalex.org/W2104894615","https://openalex.org/W2123617179","https://openalex.org/W2139839073","https://openalex.org/W2175939036","https://openalex.org/W2276395398","https://openalex.org/W2580425382","https://openalex.org/W2622130880","https://openalex.org/W2735516235","https://openalex.org/W2758054074","https://openalex.org/W2769467480","https://openalex.org/W2785667452","https://openalex.org/W2806877508","https://openalex.org/W2911427860","https://openalex.org/W2912997745","https://openalex.org/W2913584304","https://openalex.org/W2914626762","https://openalex.org/W2940625947","https://openalex.org/W2942956639","https://openalex.org/W2943354215","https://openalex.org/W2965577611","https://openalex.org/W2965608219","https://openalex.org/W2995977659","https://openalex.org/W2996563228","https://openalex.org/W3002233790","https://openalex.org/W3025642094","https://openalex.org/W3041872181","https://openalex.org/W3090108660","https://openalex.org/W3118733292","https://openalex.org/W3129001073","https://openalex.org/W3140001966","https://openalex.org/W3145497869","https://openalex.org/W3147616483","https://openalex.org/W3166142422","https://openalex.org/W4210414735","https://openalex.org/W4213427646","https://openalex.org/W4214885213","https://openalex.org/W4214919842","https://openalex.org/W4221139102","https://openalex.org/W4285047331","https://openalex.org/W4285189600","https://openalex.org/W4285287742","https://openalex.org/W6679057609"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2128678913","https://openalex.org/W1994571964","https://openalex.org/W2099827582","https://openalex.org/W4206501797","https://openalex.org/W2592315560","https://openalex.org/W2053434425","https://openalex.org/W3184336217","https://openalex.org/W2775131437","https://openalex.org/W2598185252","https://openalex.org/W2386653579"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"introduces":[2],"a":[3,16,26,34,46,58],"current":[4,36],"reference":[5],"based":[6],"on":[7],"\u0394VGSgeneration":[8],"principle":[9],"and":[10,15,40,57,80,88],"adopts":[11],"integrated":[12],"poly-p+":[13],"resistors":[14],"nW-power":[17],"OTA":[18],"to":[19,38,43,50,62,83],"reduce":[20],"the":[21,31,54,66,71,74,77],"line":[22,47],"sensitivity.":[23],"Implemented":[24],"in":[25,53,65,86],"28-nm":[27],"standard":[28],"CMOS":[29],"technology,":[30],"circuit":[32],"provides":[33],"nominal":[35],"equal":[37,49,61],"100nA":[39],"operates":[41],"down":[42],"0.6V":[44],"with":[45,70],"sensitivity":[48],"1.2":[51],"%/V":[52],"range":[55,67],"[0.8-1.8]V":[56],"temperature":[59],"coefficient":[60],"6.3":[63],"ppm/\u00b0C":[64],"[10-90]\u00b0C.":[68],"Comparison":[69],"state-of-the-art":[72],"confirms":[73],"validity":[75],"of":[76],"proposed":[78],"solution":[79],"its":[81],"suitability":[82],"be":[84],"exploited":[85],"ultra-low-power":[87],"area-constrained":[89],"applications.":[90]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
