{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312356808","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3212755","title":"Spring-Charged Particles Model to Improved Shape Recovery: An Application for X-Ray Spinal Segmentation","display_name":"Spring-Charged Particles Model to Improved Shape Recovery: An Application for X-Ray Spinal Segmentation","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312356808","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3212755"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3212755","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3212755","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09913435.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09913435.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078228177","display_name":"Tri Arief Sardjono","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7842-5151"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166843116","display_name":"Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05kbmmt89","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166843116"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tri A. Sardjono","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7842-5151","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166843116"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024082845","display_name":"Peter M. A. van Ooijen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8995-1210"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334415907","display_name":"University Medical Center Groningen","ror":"https://ror.org/03cv38k47","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1334415907"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169381384","display_name":"University of Groningen","ror":"https://ror.org/012p63287","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter M. A. Van Ooijen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8995-1210","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334415907","https://openalex.org/I169381384"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103152092","display_name":"I Ketut Eddy Purnama","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7438-7880"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166843116","display_name":"Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05kbmmt89","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166843116"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I. Ketut Eddy Purnama","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7438-7880","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166843116"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005357599","display_name":"Berlian Al Kindhi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3933-8549"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166843116","display_name":"Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05kbmmt89","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166843116"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Berlian Al Kindhi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Automation Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Automation Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166843116"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027196093","display_name":"Ardian Yusuf Wicaksono","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9190-5459"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ardian Yusuf Wicaksono","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, Institut Teknologi Telkom Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, Institut Teknologi Telkom Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036919699","display_name":"Eko Mulyanto Yuniarno","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166843116","display_name":"Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05kbmmt89","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166843116"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eko M. Yuniarno","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166843116"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073738443","display_name":"G.J. Verkerke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3533-2446"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334415907","display_name":"University Medical Center Groningen","ror":"https://ror.org/03cv38k47","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1334415907"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169381384","display_name":"University of Groningen","ror":"https://ror.org/012p63287","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94624287","display_name":"University of Twente","ror":"https://ror.org/006hf6230","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. J. Verkerke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomechanical Engineering, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands","Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomechanical Engineering, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334415907","https://openalex.org/I169381384"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012595591","display_name":"Mauridhi Hery Purnomo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6221-7382"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166843116","display_name":"Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05kbmmt89","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166843116"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mauridhi Hery Purnomo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6221-7382","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166843116"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015726919","display_name":"Michael H. F. Wilkinson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6258-1128"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169381384","display_name":"University of Groningen","ror":"https://ror.org/012p63287","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael H. F. Wilkinson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bernoulli Institute for Mathematics, Computer Science, and Artificial Intelligence, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6258-1128","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bernoulli Institute for Mathematics, Computer Science, and Artificial Intelligence, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5078228177"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166843116"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.13233561,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"110323","last_page":"110334"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14510","display_name":"Medical Imaging and Analysis","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14510","display_name":"Medical Imaging and Analysis","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.615459680557251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5610024929046631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5411227941513062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.5313166975975037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5113058090209961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curvature","display_name":"Curvature","score":0.5081782341003418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.4791940152645111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.45210501551628113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/active-contour-model","display_name":"Active contour model","score":0.4134026765823364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.33597737550735474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.23915666341781616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.13048306107521057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.0854954719543457}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.615459680557251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5610024929046631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5411227941513062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5313166975975037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5113058090209961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195065555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214881","display_name":"Curvature","level":2,"score":0.5081782341003418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.4791940152645111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.45210501551628113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112353826","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127313","display_name":"Active contour model","level":4,"score":0.4134026765823364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.33597737550735474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.23915666341781616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.13048306107521057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0854954719543457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3212755","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3212755","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09913435.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.rug.nl:openaire/872bc79e-25d9-48ae-a214-089acbae89f2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/872bc79e-25d9-48ae-a214-089acbae89f2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400420","display_name":"University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I169381384","host_organization_name":"University of Groningen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sardjono, T A, van Ooijen, P M A, Purnama, I K E, Al Kindhi, B, Wicaksono, A Y, Yuniarno, E M, Verkerke, G J & Wilkinson, M H F 2022, 'Spring-Charged Particles Model to Improved Shape Recovery : An Application for X-Ray Spinal Segmentation', IEEE Access, vol. 10, pp. 110323-110334. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3212755","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ris.utwente.nl:openaire_cris_publications/2625c502-f9e0-4e11-af32-5e9199958262","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.utwente.nl/en/publications/2625c502-f9e0-4e11-af32-5e9199958262","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922991","display_name":"University of Twente Research Information","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sardjono, T A, Van Ooijen, P M A, Purnama, I K E, Al Kindhi, B, Wicaksono, A Y, Yuniarno, E M, Verkerke, G J, Purnomo, M H & Wilkinson, M H F 2022, 'Spring-Charged Particles Model to Improved Shape Recovery : An Application for X-Ray Spinal Segmentation', IEEE Access, vol. 10, pp. 110323 - 110334. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3212755","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8043f96531bc4e59ae52aeac612cf193","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8043f96531bc4e59ae52aeac612cf193","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 10, Pp 110323-110334 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3212755","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3212755","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09913435.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.4699999988079071}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4312356808.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4312356808.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1499066784","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1970378510","https://openalex.org/W2058005326","https://openalex.org/W2060090293","https://openalex.org/W2073373531","https://openalex.org/W2082037707","https://openalex.org/W2091882796","https://openalex.org/W2097290238","https://openalex.org/W2104095591","https://openalex.org/W2108961924","https://openalex.org/W2115664739","https://openalex.org/W2117944518","https://openalex.org/W2122258381","https://openalex.org/W2142568044","https://openalex.org/W2145803225","https://openalex.org/W2146073526","https://openalex.org/W2161237731","https://openalex.org/W2245256444","https://openalex.org/W2265963584","https://openalex.org/W2587069238","https://openalex.org/W2601810159","https://openalex.org/W2755415878","https://openalex.org/W2767366875","https://openalex.org/W2785695742","https://openalex.org/W2899612570","https://openalex.org/W2900023869","https://openalex.org/W2901963380","https://openalex.org/W2903495955","https://openalex.org/W2904306678","https://openalex.org/W2911068672","https://openalex.org/W2920798899","https://openalex.org/W2943049836","https://openalex.org/W3086003518","https://openalex.org/W3096947210","https://openalex.org/W3097082536","https://openalex.org/W3106348855","https://openalex.org/W3183727309","https://openalex.org/W4214577052"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2387003628","https://openalex.org/W123102278","https://openalex.org/W2081609930","https://openalex.org/W4391621807","https://openalex.org/W2365596436","https://openalex.org/W163453029","https://openalex.org/W1522196789","https://openalex.org/W2885157826","https://openalex.org/W2159463658","https://openalex.org/W4388208420"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Deformable":[0],"models":[1],"are":[2],"widely":[3],"used":[4],"in":[5,53],"medical":[6],"image":[7,57],"segmentation":[8,163],"methods,":[9],"to":[10,26,97,138,142,171,188],"find":[11],"not":[12],"only":[13],"single":[14],"but":[15],"also":[16],"multiple":[17],"objects":[18,89],"within":[19],"an":[20,31],"image.":[21,100],"They":[22],"have":[23,51],"the":[24,28,36,68,75,86,98,103,110,139,144,147,160,172,194,197,213,222,230],"ability":[25,191],"follow":[27],"contours":[29],"of":[30,33,38,55,77,88,90,131,146,151,167,196,227,235],"object":[32],"interest,":[34],"define":[35],"boundary":[37],"ROI":[39],"(Region":[40],"Of":[41],"Interest)":[42],"and":[43,108,126,153,179,215,229],"improve":[44],"shape":[45,124],"recovery.":[46],"However,":[47],"these":[48],"methods":[49],"still":[50],"limitations":[52],"cases":[54],"low":[56],"quality":[58],"or":[59],"clutter.":[60],"This":[61],"paper":[62],"presents":[63],"a":[64,180],"new":[65],"deformable":[66],"model,":[67],"Spring-Charged":[69],"Particles":[70],"Model":[71,175],"(SCPM).":[72],"It":[73],"simulates":[74],"movement":[76],"positively":[78,154],"charged":[79,94],"particles":[80,104,111],"connected":[81],"by":[82,158,221],"springs,":[83],"attracted":[84],"towards":[85],"contour":[87],"interest":[91],"which":[92],"is":[93,209],"negatively,":[95],"according":[96],"gradient-magnitude":[99],"Springs":[101],"prevent":[102],"from":[105,200],"moving":[106],"away":[107],"keep":[109],"at":[112,211],"appropriate":[113],"distances":[114],"without":[115],"reducing":[116],"their":[117],"flexibility.":[118],"SCPM":[119,168,208],"was":[120,136,169],"tested":[121],"on":[122,127],"simple":[123,140],"images":[125,130,141],"frontal":[128,201],"X-ray":[129],"scoliosis":[132],"patients.":[133],"Artificial":[134],"noise":[135],"added":[137],"examine":[143],"robustness":[145],"method.":[148],"Several":[149],"configurations":[150],"springs":[152],"charged-particles":[155],"were":[156],"evaluated":[157],"determining":[159,193,216],"best":[161],"spinal":[162,198],"result.":[164],"The":[165,204],"performance":[166],"compared":[170],"Charged":[173],"Fluid":[174],"(CFM),":[176],"Active":[177],"Contours,":[178],"convolutional":[181],"neural":[182],"network":[183],"(CNN)":[184],"with":[185],"U-Net":[186],"architecture":[187],"measure":[189],"its":[190,217],"for":[192],"curvature":[195],"column":[199],"X-Ray":[202],"images.":[203],"results":[205],"show":[206],"that":[207],"better":[210],"segmenting":[212],"spine":[214],"curvature,":[218],"as":[219],"indicated":[220],"highest":[223],"Area":[224],"Score":[225],"value":[226,234],"0.837,":[228],"lowest":[231],"standard":[232],"deviation":[233],"0.028.":[236]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
