{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4295308531","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3206385","title":"Defensive Distillation-Based Adversarial Attack Mitigation Method for Channel Estimation Using Deep Learning Models in Next-Generation Wireless Networks","display_name":"Defensive Distillation-Based Adversarial Attack Mitigation Method for Channel Estimation Using Deep Learning Models in Next-Generation Wireless Networks","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4295308531","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3206385"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3206385","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3206385","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09888103.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09888103.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044259885","display_name":"Ferhat \u00d6zg\u00fcr \u00c7atak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2434-9966"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92008406","display_name":"University of Stavanger","ror":"https://ror.org/02qte9q33","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92008406"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ferhat Ozgur Catak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Stavanger, Rogaland, Stavanger, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Stavanger, Rogaland, Stavanger, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92008406"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091398081","display_name":"Murat Kuzlu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8719-2353"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I81365321","display_name":"Old Dominion University","ror":"https://ror.org/04zjtrb98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I81365321"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Murat Kuzlu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering Technology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8719-2353","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering Technology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I81365321"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002685259","display_name":"Evren \u00c7atak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1359-7128"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089511","display_name":"Stavanger Health Research (Norway)","ror":"https://ror.org/009vyay43","country_code":"NO","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089511"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92008406","display_name":"University of Stavanger","ror":"https://ror.org/02qte9q33","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92008406"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Evren Catak","raw_affiliation_strings":["4034, Stavanger, Norway","Independent researcher, Stavanger, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"4034, Stavanger, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089511","https://openalex.org/I92008406"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Independent researcher, Stavanger, Norway","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082630876","display_name":"\u00dcmit Cali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6402-0479"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204778367","display_name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Umit Cali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electric Power Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6402-0479","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electric Power Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039374947","display_name":"\u00d6zgur G\u00fcler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5465-0103"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ozgur Guler","raw_affiliation_strings":["eKare Inc., Fairfax, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"eKare Inc., Fairfax, VA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":4.7571,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":49,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95602961,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"98191","last_page":"98203"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9889000058174133,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":0.9703999757766724,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7778807282447815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toolbox","display_name":"Toolbox","score":0.5631400942802429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.5631356239318848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5103222727775574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.4845353960990906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-latency","display_name":"Low latency (capital markets)","score":0.47836464643478394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.45847561955451965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.4233497679233551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-network","display_name":"Cellular network","score":0.4102155566215515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3887578547000885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3839500844478607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.36399608850479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.30500125885009766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2193930447101593}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7778807282447815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777655017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501161","display_name":"Toolbox","level":2,"score":0.5631400942802429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.5631356239318848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5103222727775574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.4845353960990906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46637626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6693015","display_name":"Low latency (capital markets)","level":2,"score":0.47836464643478394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.45847561955451965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4233497679233551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.4102155566215515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3887578547000885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3839500844478607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.36399608850479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.30500125885009766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2193930447101593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3206385","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3206385","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09888103.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.odu.edu:engtech_fac_pubs-1169","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/engtech_fac_pubs/166","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196314","display_name":"ODU Digital Commons (Old Dominion University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I81365321","host_organization_name":"Old Dominion University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I81365321"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Engineering Technology Faculty Publications","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:fc20c5639b98448bb668d738368f2cc2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/fc20c5639b98448bb668d738368f2cc2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 10, Pp 98191-98203 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ntnuopen.ntnu.no:11250/3046266","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3046266","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401716","display_name":"Duo Research Archive (University of Oslo)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","host_organization_name":"University of Oslo","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:uis.brage.unit.no:11250/3027581","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3027581","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401716","display_name":"Duo Research Archive (University of Oslo)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","host_organization_name":"University of Oslo","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"10","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3206385","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3206385","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09888103.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4295308531.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4295308531.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W197865394","https://openalex.org/W1603438237","https://openalex.org/W1821462560","https://openalex.org/W1945616565","https://openalex.org/W2015861736","https://openalex.org/W2147800946","https://openalex.org/W2228801089","https://openalex.org/W2343448572","https://openalex.org/W2885033069","https://openalex.org/W2896484062","https://openalex.org/W2901008672","https://openalex.org/W2924551358","https://openalex.org/W2938113616","https://openalex.org/W2963542245","https://openalex.org/W2963857521","https://openalex.org/W2964082701","https://openalex.org/W2969519626","https://openalex.org/W2969565996","https://openalex.org/W2971055251","https://openalex.org/W2985020889","https://openalex.org/W2987894257","https://openalex.org/W3002159761","https://openalex.org/W3010109240","https://openalex.org/W3015001695","https://openalex.org/W3021442470","https://openalex.org/W3023639128","https://openalex.org/W3102977504","https://openalex.org/W3119986741","https://openalex.org/W3126961449","https://openalex.org/W3127355490","https://openalex.org/W3134683277","https://openalex.org/W3150987417","https://openalex.org/W3163024989","https://openalex.org/W3165483060","https://openalex.org/W3171116680","https://openalex.org/W3183514509","https://openalex.org/W3184140944","https://openalex.org/W3185634836","https://openalex.org/W3197012778","https://openalex.org/W3213787142","https://openalex.org/W4200629388","https://openalex.org/W4287250127","https://openalex.org/W4293846201","https://openalex.org/W4302363874","https://openalex.org/W6638523607","https://openalex.org/W6640425456","https://openalex.org/W6739868092","https://openalex.org/W6788114569","https://openalex.org/W6790092175","https://openalex.org/W6805492805","https://openalex.org/W7065629526"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2068663075","https://openalex.org/W4205140848","https://openalex.org/W2978678743","https://openalex.org/W2502115930","https://openalex.org/W2797837731","https://openalex.org/W2150344375","https://openalex.org/W829257147","https://openalex.org/W3081389670","https://openalex.org/W4390832911","https://openalex.org/W4385302116"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Future":[0],"wireless":[1],"networks":[2,32,91,155,175,226],"(5G":[3],"and":[4,24,47,74,83,103,170,205],"beyond),":[5],"also":[6,239],"known":[7],"as":[8,66],"Next":[9],"Generation":[10],"or":[11],"NextG,":[12],"are":[13],"the":[14,28,95,128,152,195,241,244,258,264],"vision":[15],"of":[16,22,53,62,89,134,186,243],"forthcoming":[17],"cellular":[18,31,154],"systems,":[19],"connecting":[20],"billions":[21],"devices":[23],"people":[25],"together.":[26],"In":[27],"last":[29],"decades,":[30],"have":[33,142],"dramatically":[34],"grown":[35],"with":[36,194],"advanced":[37,81],"telecommunication":[38],"technologies":[39,55],"for":[40,98,173,202,221,250],"high-speed":[41],"data":[42],"transmission,":[43],"high":[44,96,112],"cell":[45],"capacity,":[46],"low":[48],"latency.":[49],"The":[50,86,210,254],"main":[51],"goal":[52],"those":[54,99],"is":[56,92,148],"to":[57,93,114,150,165],"support":[58],"a":[59,111,182],"wide":[60],"range":[61],"new":[63],"applications,":[64],"such":[65],"virtual":[67],"reality,":[68],"metaverse,":[69],"telehealth,":[70],"online":[71],"education,":[72],"autonomous":[73],"flying":[75],"vehicles,":[76],"smart":[77,79],"cities,":[78],"grids,":[80],"manufacturing,":[82],"many":[84],"more.":[85],"key":[87],"motivation":[88],"NextG":[90,135,174,225,273],"meet":[94],"demand":[97],"applications":[100,122],"by":[101,118,216],"improving":[102],"optimizing":[104],"network":[105,125,132],"functions.":[106],"Artificial":[107],"Intelligence":[108],"(AI)":[109],"has":[110],"potential":[113],"achieve":[115],"these":[116],"requirements":[117],"being":[119],"integrated":[120],"into":[121],"throughout":[123],"all":[124],"layers.":[126],"However,":[127],"security":[129],"concerns":[130],"on":[131],"functions":[133],"using":[136,176],"AI-based":[137,177],"models,":[138],"i.e.,":[139],"model":[140],"poising,":[141],"not":[143],"been":[144],"investigated":[145],"deeply.":[146],"It":[147],"crucial":[149],"protect":[151],"next-generation":[153],"against":[156,232,269],"cybersecurity":[157],"threats,":[158],"especially":[159],"adversarial":[160,203,211,252,270],"attacks.":[161],"Therefore,":[162],"it":[163],"needs":[164],"design":[166],"efficient":[167],"mitigation":[168,208,235,248,260],"techniques":[169],"secure":[171],"solutions":[172],"methods.":[178,209,236],"This":[179,237],"paper":[180,238],"proposes":[181],"comprehensive":[183],"vulnerability":[184],"analysis":[185],"deep":[187],"learning":[188],"(DL)-based":[189],"channel":[190,222,266],"estimation":[191,223,267],"models":[192,220,229,268],"trained":[193,218],"dataset":[196],"obtained":[197],"from":[198],"MATLAB\u2019s":[199],"5G":[200],"toolbox":[201],"attacks":[204,212,233,271],"defensive":[206,246],"distillation-based":[207],"produce":[213],"faulty":[214],"results":[215,255],"manipulating":[217],"DL-based":[219,265],"in":[224,272],"while":[227],"making":[228],"more":[230],"robust":[231],"through":[234],"presents":[240],"performance":[242],"proposed":[245,259],"distillation":[247],"method":[249,261],"each":[251],"attack.":[253],"indicate":[256],"that":[257],"can":[262],"defend":[263],"networks.":[274]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
