{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4295308588","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3206044","title":"Two-Stream Spatial Graphormer Networks for Skeleton-Based Action Recognition","display_name":"Two-Stream Spatial Graphormer Networks for Skeleton-Based Action Recognition","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4295308588","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3206044"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3206044","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3206044","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09887939.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09887939.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100366459","display_name":"Xiaolei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5527-6042"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaolei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Transportation Engineering, College of Transportation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Transportation Engineering, College of Transportation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075453051","display_name":"Junyou Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3059-0235"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junyou Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Transportation Engineering, College of Transportation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3059-0235","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Transportation Engineering, College of Transportation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101399831","display_name":"Shufeng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1169-6790"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shufeng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Transportation Engineering, College of Transportation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1169-6790","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Transportation Engineering, College of Transportation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028972189","display_name":"Qian Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7294-2561"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qian Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Transportation Engineering, College of Transportation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Transportation Engineering, College of Transportation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.8809,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74200414,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"100426","last_page":"100437"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12740","display_name":"Gait Recognition and Analysis","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.728081226348877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.6258683204650879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skeleton","display_name":"Skeleton (computer programming)","score":0.5559713840484619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5057046413421631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.48583266139030457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rgb-color-model","display_name":"RGB color model","score":0.44892215728759766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-topology","display_name":"Network topology","score":0.4415697753429413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.4407438039779663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.34781914949417114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3397443890571594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1545957326889038}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.728081226348877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.6258683204650879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18969341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1169129","display_name":"Skeleton (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.5559713840484619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5057046413421631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.48583266139030457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82990744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166194","display_name":"RGB color model","level":2,"score":0.44892215728759766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199845137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Network topology","level":2,"score":0.4415697753429413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.4407438039779663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.34781914949417114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3397443890571594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1545957326889038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3206044","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3206044","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09887939.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f74eb76cbe1c424a9b3dec2b814902f7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f74eb76cbe1c424a9b3dec2b814902f7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 10, Pp 100426-100437 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3206044","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3206044","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09887939.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7312070800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZR2019MF056","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4295308588.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4295308588.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1662382123","https://openalex.org/W2056898157","https://openalex.org/W2559085405","https://openalex.org/W2613570903","https://openalex.org/W2619947201","https://openalex.org/W2736334449","https://openalex.org/W2739179646","https://openalex.org/W2803158089","https://openalex.org/W2892065377","https://openalex.org/W2940457086","https://openalex.org/W2944006115","https://openalex.org/W2948058585","https://openalex.org/W2948246283","https://openalex.org/W2962711740","https://openalex.org/W2963076818","https://openalex.org/W2963369114","https://openalex.org/W2963465695","https://openalex.org/W2963809593","https://openalex.org/W2964015378","https://openalex.org/W2964134613","https://openalex.org/W2964318832","https://openalex.org/W2966210862","https://openalex.org/W2996835428","https://openalex.org/W3009946848","https://openalex.org/W3034999503","https://openalex.org/W3035050855","https://openalex.org/W3035225512","https://openalex.org/W3035707711","https://openalex.org/W3093411241","https://openalex.org/W3098612954","https://openalex.org/W3113067059","https://openalex.org/W3113177135","https://openalex.org/W3123784868","https://openalex.org/W3138516171","https://openalex.org/W4286983754","https://openalex.org/W6637178625","https://openalex.org/W6637242042","https://openalex.org/W6638667902","https://openalex.org/W6682864246","https://openalex.org/W6713582119","https://openalex.org/W6720006811","https://openalex.org/W6726873649","https://openalex.org/W6738964360","https://openalex.org/W6739901393","https://openalex.org/W6752411098","https://openalex.org/W6754754690","https://openalex.org/W6754929296","https://openalex.org/W6762621715","https://openalex.org/W6787995345","https://openalex.org/W6804049574","https://openalex.org/W6840319226","https://openalex.org/W6955071965"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2953562271","https://openalex.org/W2086397253","https://openalex.org/W2334655667","https://openalex.org/W2133122801","https://openalex.org/W2464530384","https://openalex.org/W2105938841","https://openalex.org/W4253358700","https://openalex.org/W600422426","https://openalex.org/W2007156430","https://openalex.org/W4388657984"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"skeleton-based":[1],"human":[2],"action":[3,187],"recognition,":[4],"Transformer,":[5],"which":[6,60],"models":[7,61,78],"the":[8,35,38,43,73,82,86,88,91,94,98,103,110,131,143,147,149,154,157,161,166,175,182,204,207,215],"correlations":[9,80],"between":[10,45,135],"joint":[11,62,74,79,113],"pairs":[12],"in":[13,30,72,81,118,174,210],"global":[14,83,167],"topology,":[15],"has":[16],"achieved":[17],"remarkable":[18],"results.":[19,189],"However,":[20],"compared":[21],"to":[22,153,185],"many":[23],"researches":[24],"on":[25,124,192],"changing":[26],"graph":[27,40],"topology":[28,36,84,89],"learning":[29],"GCN,":[31],"Transformer":[32,77],"self-attention":[33,67,104],"ignores":[34],"of":[37,85,90,97,133,146,156,170,206],"skeleton":[39,176],"when":[41],"capturing":[42],"dependencies":[44,132],"joints.":[46],"To":[47],"address":[48],"these":[49],"problems,":[50],"we":[51],"propose":[52],"a":[53],"novel":[54],"two-stream":[55],"spatial":[56],"Graphormer":[57],"network":[58,184],"(2s-SGR),":[59],"and":[63,93,126,137,172,179,200,218],"bone":[64,150,158],"information":[65,96,115,123,145],"using":[66],"incorporating":[68],"structural":[69,107,163],"encodings.":[70,108,164],"First,":[71],"stream,":[75],"while":[76],"space,":[87],"joints":[92,171],"edge":[95],"bones":[99,173],"are":[100,177],"introduced":[101],"into":[102,181],"through":[105],"custom":[106,162],"At":[109],"same":[111],"time,":[112],"motion":[114,127],"is":[116,213,219],"modeled":[117],"spatial-temporal":[119,168],"blocks.":[120],"The":[121],"added":[122],"structure":[125,155],"can":[128],"effectively":[129,220],"capture":[130],"nodes":[134],"frames":[136],"enhance":[138],"feature":[139],"representation.":[140],"Second,":[141],"for":[142],"second-order":[144],"skeleton,":[148],"stream":[151],"adapts":[152],"by":[159,222],"adjusting":[160],"Finally,":[165],"features":[169],"fused":[178],"input":[180],"classification":[183],"obtain":[186],"recognition":[188],"Extensive":[190],"experiments":[191],"three":[193],"large-scale":[194],"datasets,":[195],"NTU-RGB+D":[196,198],"60,":[197],"120,":[199],"Kinetics,":[201],"demonstrate":[202],"that":[203],"performance":[205],"2s-SGR":[208],"proposed":[209],"this":[211],"paper":[212],"at":[214],"state-of-the-art":[216],"level":[217],"validated":[221],"ablation":[223],"experiments.":[224]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
