{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4289913121","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3196660","title":"Pothole and Plain Road Classification Using Adaptive Mutation Dipper Throated Optimization and Transfer Learning for Self Driving Cars","display_name":"Pothole and Plain Road Classification Using Adaptive Mutation Dipper Throated Optimization and Transfer Learning for Self Driving Cars","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4289913121","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3196660"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3196660","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3196660","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09850988.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09850988.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055666615","display_name":"Amel Ali Alhussan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7530-7961"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106778892","display_name":"Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University","ror":"https://ror.org/05b0cyh02","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Amel Ali Alhussan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Sciences, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","Department of Computer Sciences, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, PO Box 84428, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Sciences, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Sciences, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, PO Box 84428, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044730658","display_name":"Doaa Sami Khafaga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9843-6392"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106778892","display_name":"Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University","ror":"https://ror.org/05b0cyh02","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Doaa Sami Khafaga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Sciences, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","Department of Computer Sciences, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, PO Box 84428, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Sciences, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Sciences, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, PO Box 84428, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108139013","display_name":"El\u2010Sayed M. El\u2010kenawy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0605-647X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120363","display_name":"Higher Institute of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/02pyw9g57","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120363"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"El-Sayed M. El-Kenawy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communications and Electronics, Delta Higher Institute of Engineering and Technology (DHIET), Mansoura, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communications and Electronics, Delta Higher Institute of Engineering and Technology (DHIET), Mansoura, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008946746","display_name":"Abdelhameed Ibrahim\u202c\u202c\u202c\u202c\u202c\u202c\u202c\u202c\u202c\u202c\u202c\u202c\u202c\u202c\u202c\u202c\u202c\u202c\u202c\u202c\u202c\u202c\u202c\u202c\u202c\u202c\u202c\u202c","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8352-6731"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159247623","display_name":"Mansoura University","ror":"https://ror.org/01k8vtd75","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159247623"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdelhameed Ibrahim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Engineering and Control Systems Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Engineering and Control Systems Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159247623"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020515597","display_name":"Marwa M. Eid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8557-3566"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I882248123","display_name":"Delta University for Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0481xaz04","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I882248123"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marwa Metwally Eid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Artificial Intelligence, Delta University for Science and Technology, Mansoura, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Artificial Intelligence, Delta University for Science and Technology, Mansoura, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I882248123"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031054535","display_name":"Abdelaziz A. Abdelhamid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7080-1979"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I206935292","display_name":"Shaqra University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hawb687","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I206935292"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107720978","display_name":"Ain Shams University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cb9w016","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"]}],"countries":["EG","SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdelaziz A. Abdelhamid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computer and Information Sciences, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt","Department of Computer Science, College of Computing and Information Technology, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computer and Information Sciences, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, College of Computing and Information Technology, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206935292"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055666615"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":11.1175,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":102,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99351581,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"84188","last_page":"84211"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.965399980545044,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pothole","display_name":"Pothole (geology)","score":0.6737927198410034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6003867387771606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-of-learning","display_name":"Transfer of learning","score":0.5597758889198303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mutation","display_name":"Mutation","score":0.5149531960487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dipper","display_name":"Dipper","score":0.4733034670352936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4408561885356903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.3838966190814972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.35948777198791504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.329018771648407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.32786521315574646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.32232868671417236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.15308332443237305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.14437922835350037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.1200127899646759}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776023743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7234907","display_name":"Pothole (geology)","level":2,"score":0.6737927198410034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6003867387771606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150899416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820378","display_name":"Transfer of learning","level":2,"score":0.5597758889198303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501734568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42918","display_name":"Mutation","level":3,"score":0.5149531960487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777733708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192575","display_name":"Dipper","level":4,"score":0.4733034670352936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4408561885356903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3838966190814972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.35948777198791504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.329018771648407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.32786521315574646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.32232868671417236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.15308332443237305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.14437922835350037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.1200127899646759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35785553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q756720","display_name":"Ambulatory","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149323552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3090739","display_name":"Ambulatory blood pressure","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5900021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163082","display_name":"Petrology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3196660","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3196660","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09850988.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1261eb2670a0461b91a5c671d14055be","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1261eb2670a0461b91a5c671d14055be","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 10, Pp 84188-84211 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3196660","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3196660","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09850988.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.550000011920929,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2053653470","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PNURSP","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322484","funder_display_name":"Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2631492150","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PNURSP2022R3","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322484","funder_display_name":"Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2893605509","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Saudi Arabia.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322484","funder_display_name":"Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4010074732","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Riyadh","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322484","funder_display_name":"Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5365471394","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PNURSP2022R308","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322484","funder_display_name":"Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6048689657","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PNURSP2022R30","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322484","funder_display_name":"Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8204392757","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PNURSP2022R","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322484","funder_display_name":"Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322484","display_name":"Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University","ror":"https://ror.org/05b0cyh02"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4289913121.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4289913121.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":63,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1849205593","https://openalex.org/W1977324115","https://openalex.org/W2002979815","https://openalex.org/W2031183907","https://openalex.org/W2069182664","https://openalex.org/W2073921079","https://openalex.org/W2100231112","https://openalex.org/W2101765566","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2290883490","https://openalex.org/W2571820952","https://openalex.org/W2604354296","https://openalex.org/W2783231089","https://openalex.org/W2791787077","https://openalex.org/W2794081601","https://openalex.org/W2803574738","https://openalex.org/W2806229851","https://openalex.org/W2889992416","https://openalex.org/W2903133439","https://openalex.org/W2912236777","https://openalex.org/W2919373174","https://openalex.org/W2947568086","https://openalex.org/W2959472372","https://openalex.org/W2965904675","https://openalex.org/W2972764017","https://openalex.org/W2982407821","https://openalex.org/W2988113576","https://openalex.org/W2991372296","https://openalex.org/W2991479668","https://openalex.org/W2997180306","https://openalex.org/W3000348847","https://openalex.org/W3000602481","https://openalex.org/W3006380048","https://openalex.org/W3013687456","https://openalex.org/W3013865762","https://openalex.org/W3021058087","https://openalex.org/W3033203884","https://openalex.org/W3033852654","https://openalex.org/W3034815177","https://openalex.org/W3035533770","https://openalex.org/W3045676954","https://openalex.org/W3081153061","https://openalex.org/W3087776899","https://openalex.org/W3089460656","https://openalex.org/W3124942917","https://openalex.org/W3135301604","https://openalex.org/W3145008738","https://openalex.org/W3162387141","https://openalex.org/W3164885417","https://openalex.org/W3175249715","https://openalex.org/W3184336538","https://openalex.org/W3195691816","https://openalex.org/W3196580903","https://openalex.org/W3199625624","https://openalex.org/W3205262997","https://openalex.org/W3209402188","https://openalex.org/W3216691447","https://openalex.org/W4206774559","https://openalex.org/W4213428809","https://openalex.org/W4226523368","https://openalex.org/W6633913540","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6745632367"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4394960179","https://openalex.org/W2185993565","https://openalex.org/W4398789280","https://openalex.org/W1972815933","https://openalex.org/W2592426749","https://openalex.org/W2361183920","https://openalex.org/W2383269480","https://openalex.org/W3118927687","https://openalex.org/W640636360","https://openalex.org/W278943861"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Self-driving":[0],"car":[1,39],"plays":[2],"a":[3,18,147,234],"crucial":[4],"role":[5],"in":[6,12,140,171,194,196,217],"implementing":[7],"traffic":[8],"intelligence.":[9],"Road":[10],"smoothness":[11],"front":[13],"of":[14,44,62,94,107,132,164,188,225,238,250,253,256,263,266,269,273,293],"self-driving":[15,47],"cars":[16,48],"has":[17],"significant":[19],"impact":[20],"on":[21,30,58,119,169,283],"the":[22,31,42,59,92,105,133,162,165,183,189,218,223,226,242,246,284,289,294],"car&#x2019;s":[23],"driving":[24,55],"safety":[25],"and":[26,41,80,91,113,122,130,175,179,208,210,258,271,291],"comfort.":[27],"Having":[28],"potholes":[29,108,170,199],"road":[32,63,198],"may":[33],"lead":[34],"to":[35,52,69,75,103,155,160,221,287],"several":[36],"problems,":[37],"including":[38,73,205],"damage":[40],"occurrence":[43],"collisions.":[45],"Therefore,":[46,99],"should":[49],"be":[50],"able":[51],"change":[53],"their":[54],"behavior":[56],"based":[57,118],"real-time":[60],"detection":[61],"potholes.":[64],"Various":[65],"methods":[66],"are":[67],"followed":[68],"address":[70],"this":[71,141],"problem,":[72],"reporting":[74],"authorities,":[76],"employing":[77],"vibration-based":[78],"sensors,":[79],"3D":[81],"laser":[82],"imaging.":[83],"However,":[84],"limitations,":[85],"such":[86],"as":[87,156],"expensive":[88],"setup":[89],"costs":[90],"danger":[93],"discovery,":[95],"affected":[96],"these":[97],"methods.":[98],"it":[100],"is":[101,138,192,281],"necessary":[102],"automate":[104],"process":[106],"identification":[109],"with":[110],"sufficient":[111],"precision":[112],"speed.":[114],"A":[115],"novel":[116],"method":[117,150,191],"adaptive":[120,149],"mutation":[121],"dipper":[123],"throated":[124],"optimization":[125,131],"(AMDTO)":[126],"for":[127,151],"feature":[128,202],"selection":[129,203],"random":[134],"forest":[135],"(RF)":[136],"classifier":[137],"presented":[139],"paper.":[142],"In":[143,275],"addition,":[144,276],"we":[145],"propose":[146],"new":[148],"dataset":[152],"balancing,":[153],"referred":[154],"optimized":[157,166],"hashing":[158],"SMOTE,":[159],"boost":[161],"performance":[163],"model.":[167,185],"Data":[168],"different":[172],"weather":[173],"conditions":[174],"circumstances":[176],"were":[177,215],"collected":[178],"augmented":[180],"before":[181],"training":[182],"proposed":[184,190,227,230,295],"The":[186,229],"effectiveness":[187],"shown":[193],"experiments":[195,220],"classifying":[197],"accurately.":[200],"Eleven":[201],"methods,":[204],"WOA,":[206],"GWO,":[207],"PSO,":[209],"three":[211],"machine":[212],"learning":[213,260],"classifiers":[214],"included":[216],"conducted":[219],"measure":[222],"superiority":[224],"method.":[228,296],"method,":[231],"AMDTO+RF,":[232],"achieved":[233,244],"pothole":[235],"classification":[236],"accuracy":[237,243],"(99.795%),":[239],"which":[240],"outperforms":[241],"by":[245],"other":[247],"approaches,":[248,261],"WOA+RF":[249],"97.5%,":[251],"GWO+RF":[252],"98.6%,":[254],"PSO+RF":[255],"98.1%,":[257],"transfer":[259],"AlexNet":[262],"86.8%,":[264],"VGG-19":[265],"87.3%,":[267],"GoogLeNet":[268],"90.4%,":[270],"ResNet-50":[272],"93.8%.":[274],"an":[277],"in-depth":[278],"statistical":[279],"analysis":[280],"performed":[282],"recorded":[285],"results":[286],"study":[288],"significance":[290],"stability":[292]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
