{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285116807","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3187745","title":"BlockCRN-IoCV: Secure Spectrum Access and Beamforming for Defense Against Attacks in mmWave Massive MIMO CRN in 6G Internet of Connected Vehicles","display_name":"BlockCRN-IoCV: Secure Spectrum Access and Beamforming for Defense Against Attacks in mmWave Massive MIMO CRN in 6G Internet of Connected Vehicles","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285116807","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3187745"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3187745","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3187745","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09812597.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09812597.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059271590","display_name":"P. Deepanramkumar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I876193797","display_name":"Vellore Institute of Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00qzypv28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"P. Deepanramkumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5212-605X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021903676","display_name":"N. Jaisankar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8845-1302"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I876193797","display_name":"Vellore Institute of Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00qzypv28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. Jaisankar","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8845-1302","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5059271590"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.2007,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77678432,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"74220","last_page":"74243"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11932","display_name":"Wireless Body Area Networks","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.6685445308685303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6191310882568359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5811366438865662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.5099977254867554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.4665123522281647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4497582018375397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-access","display_name":"Internet access","score":0.42491552233695984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.37672188878059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.10308220982551575}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.6685445308685303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6191310882568359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5811366438865662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.5099977254867554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.4665123522281647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4497582018375397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83849155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1472399","display_name":"Internet access","level":3,"score":0.42491552233695984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.37672188878059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.10308220982551575}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3187745","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3187745","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09812597.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8f3b0ce73830426cb970cfe393c4c5f6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8f3b0ce73830426cb970cfe393c4c5f6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 10, Pp 74220-74243 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3187745","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3187745","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09812597.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4285116807.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4285116807.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2940764495","https://openalex.org/W2941242730","https://openalex.org/W2946484148","https://openalex.org/W2970507331","https://openalex.org/W2971893958","https://openalex.org/W2979405615","https://openalex.org/W2980599561","https://openalex.org/W2993809815","https://openalex.org/W2997569776","https://openalex.org/W2998755892","https://openalex.org/W3005301866","https://openalex.org/W3007970939","https://openalex.org/W3011415319","https://openalex.org/W3023434827","https://openalex.org/W3023486295","https://openalex.org/W3027109963","https://openalex.org/W3034153474","https://openalex.org/W3039165823","https://openalex.org/W3040412088","https://openalex.org/W3042210182","https://openalex.org/W3042425852","https://openalex.org/W3042809923","https://openalex.org/W3044165546","https://openalex.org/W3086005199","https://openalex.org/W3088044911","https://openalex.org/W3088601730","https://openalex.org/W3091767836","https://openalex.org/W3094692755","https://openalex.org/W3096713836","https://openalex.org/W3101721070","https://openalex.org/W3105675137","https://openalex.org/W3109042733","https://openalex.org/W3116062642","https://openalex.org/W3131864966","https://openalex.org/W3138094384","https://openalex.org/W3139115419","https://openalex.org/W3159526107","https://openalex.org/W3161730384","https://openalex.org/W3163015337","https://openalex.org/W3163148797","https://openalex.org/W3166299570","https://openalex.org/W3178998853","https://openalex.org/W3180376940","https://openalex.org/W4246006759"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2724724053","https://openalex.org/W3200010270","https://openalex.org/W2018307271","https://openalex.org/W2060733767","https://openalex.org/W2092548765","https://openalex.org/W2073613332","https://openalex.org/W2478145055","https://openalex.org/W1988173948","https://openalex.org/W2085294052","https://openalex.org/W112798116"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cognitive":[0],"Radio":[1],"(CR)":[2],"is":[3,9,69,185,202,223,238],"a":[4],"wireless":[5],"communication":[6],"system":[7],"that":[8,255],"used":[10],"for":[11,71,130,195,266],"intelligent":[12],"vehicles":[13],"to":[14,34,263],"solve":[15],"spectrum":[16,26,62,139,159,173,268],"scarcity":[17],"and":[18,28,64,76,86,96,128,166,168,217,228,232,249,270],"improve":[19],"the":[20,23,35,42,50,81,100,103,107,110,143,155,169,183,233,256],"utilization":[21],"of":[22,37,102,109,219,235],"spectrum.":[24],"However,":[25],"sensing":[27,160,269],"data":[29,197],"sharing":[30],"are":[31],"difficult":[32],"due":[33],"presence":[36],"malicious":[38],"nodes":[39],"which":[40,53,98,151,182],"degrades":[41],"performance.":[43],"To":[44,105],"overcome":[45],"these":[46],"issues,":[47],"we":[48,112,136],"proposed":[49,257],"BlockCRN-IoCV":[51],"method":[52],"includes":[54,152],"authentication,":[55],"density":[56,114],"aware":[57,115,119],"clustering,":[58,135],"dual":[59],"agent":[60,157,171],"based":[61,146],"access":[63,140],"secure":[65,200,267],"beamforming.":[66,271],"Here,":[67],"authentication":[68],"performed":[70,203],"both":[72],"Primary":[73],"Users":[74,78],"(PUs)":[75],"Secondary":[77],"(SUs)":[79],"using":[80,117,142,204],"Hybrid":[82],"Advanced":[83],"Encryption":[84],"Standard":[85],"Hyper-elliptic":[87],"Curve":[88],"Cryptography":[89],"(AES-HCC)":[90],"algorithm":[91,150,194],"by":[92,124,141,161,175,187,210,226,240],"considering":[93,125,162,176,211],"ID,":[94],"PUF":[95],"location":[97],"ensures":[99],"legitimacy":[101],"users.":[104],"address":[106],"mobility":[108],"vehicle":[111],"perform":[113,137],"clustering":[116],"Density":[118],"Dynamic":[120],"Radius":[121],"Clustering":[122],"(DADRC)":[123],"location,":[126],"distance":[127],"direction":[129,218],"increasing":[131],"throughput.":[132],"After":[133],"completing":[134],"efficient":[138],"Dual":[144],"Agent":[145],"Twin":[147],"Delayed":[148],"(DA-TD3)":[149],"two":[153],"agents,":[154],"first":[156],"performs":[158,172],"SNR,":[163,245],"noise":[164],"level":[165],"trust,":[167],"second":[170],"allocation":[174],"Channel":[177],"State":[178],"Information":[179],"(CSI),":[180],"in":[181],"CSI":[184],"predicted":[186],"Quasi-Newton":[188],"Iterative":[189],"Unscented":[190],"Kalman":[191],"Filter":[192],"(QNIUKF)":[193],"effective":[196],"transmission.":[198],"Finally,":[199],"beamforming":[201],"Bi-Gated":[205],"Recurrent":[206],"Neural":[207],"Network":[208],"(BiGRU-CapsNet)":[209],"CSI,":[212],"beam":[213],"score,":[214],"array":[215],"factor,":[216],"angle.":[220],"The":[221,251],"simulation":[222,230,252],"carried":[224],"out":[225],"OMNET++":[227],"SUMO":[229],"tools":[231],"performance":[234,261],"this":[236],"work":[237,258,265],"evaluated":[239],"throughput,":[241],"packet":[242],"delivery":[243],"ratio,":[244],"detection":[246],"accuracy,":[247],"BER,":[248],"delay.":[250],"result":[253],"shows":[254],"achieves":[259],"superior":[260],"compared":[262],"existing":[264]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}