{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4290043237","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3187171","title":"Design of an Intelligent Reflecting Surface Aided mmWave Massive MIMO Using X-Precoding","display_name":"Design of an Intelligent Reflecting Surface Aided mmWave Massive MIMO Using X-Precoding","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4290043237","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3187171"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3187171","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3187171","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09810247.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09810247.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056120754","display_name":"Jiarui Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2224-7955"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiarui Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008214098","display_name":"Yi Hong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1284-891X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5056120754"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.8284,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71009585,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"69428","last_page":"69440"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11383","display_name":"Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9894000291824341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precoding","display_name":"Precoding","score":0.857860803604126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.7046865224838257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6909575462341309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.5562369227409363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.539801836013794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoupling","display_name":"Decoupling (probability)","score":0.4484887719154358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.4422944188117981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseband","display_name":"Baseband","score":0.43332424759864807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.4173816442489624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.41083523631095886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.33346042037010193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3329942226409912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.23114579916000366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.15308183431625366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.13498100638389587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09181225299835205}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160562895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239557","display_name":"Precoding","level":4,"score":0.857860803604126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.7046865224838257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6909575462341309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.5562369227409363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.539801836013794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205606062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5249645","display_name":"Decoupling (probability)","level":2,"score":0.4484887719154358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.4422944188117981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65165936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q575784","display_name":"Baseband","level":3,"score":0.43332424759864807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.4173816442489624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.41083523631095886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.33346042037010193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3329942226409912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.23114579916000366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.15308183431625366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.13498100638389587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09181225299835205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3187171","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3187171","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09810247.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5cc7697a14a4463f934a3a0de637b57e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5cc7697a14a4463f934a3a0de637b57e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 10, Pp 69428-69440 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3187171","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3187171","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09810247.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2097012868","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DP200100096","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","display_name":"Australian Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05mmh0f86"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4290043237.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4290043237.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1432778544","https://openalex.org/W1522045078","https://openalex.org/W1984114931","https://openalex.org/W1988479411","https://openalex.org/W2016999686","https://openalex.org/W2053521124","https://openalex.org/W2102591969","https://openalex.org/W2109191808","https://openalex.org/W2122276316","https://openalex.org/W2125665779","https://openalex.org/W2138020668","https://openalex.org/W2155072837","https://openalex.org/W2259391824","https://openalex.org/W2774087927","https://openalex.org/W2781054684","https://openalex.org/W2919348284","https://openalex.org/W2942626342","https://openalex.org/W2963276168","https://openalex.org/W2968810373","https://openalex.org/W2969424089","https://openalex.org/W2970297297","https://openalex.org/W2978495917","https://openalex.org/W2981121876","https://openalex.org/W2985466239","https://openalex.org/W2990567315","https://openalex.org/W2990747873","https://openalex.org/W3003050920","https://openalex.org/W3011952645","https://openalex.org/W3027118737","https://openalex.org/W3032095193","https://openalex.org/W3035386068","https://openalex.org/W3045785928","https://openalex.org/W3045813453","https://openalex.org/W3047078259","https://openalex.org/W3047581446","https://openalex.org/W3091819018","https://openalex.org/W3091842477","https://openalex.org/W3094164592","https://openalex.org/W3100536113","https://openalex.org/W3122864568","https://openalex.org/W3129348517","https://openalex.org/W3130437501","https://openalex.org/W3161488445","https://openalex.org/W3199875322","https://openalex.org/W3211101652","https://openalex.org/W4205439215","https://openalex.org/W4253018856","https://openalex.org/W4312549396","https://openalex.org/W6769455882","https://openalex.org/W6770844909"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2152088989","https://openalex.org/W2756419127","https://openalex.org/W4366493479","https://openalex.org/W2905893439","https://openalex.org/W3135374966","https://openalex.org/W2554517556","https://openalex.org/W2953205382","https://openalex.org/W1994906402","https://openalex.org/W4328011863","https://openalex.org/W4200589288"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,26,57,71,87,114],"consider":[4],"an":[5,46],"intelligent":[6],"reflecting":[7],"surface":[8],"(IRS)":[9],"aided":[10],"millimeter":[11],"wave":[12],"(mmWave)":[13],"massive":[14],"multiple-input":[15],"multiple-output":[16],"(MIMO)":[17],"system":[18],"using":[19],"hybrid":[20,128],"beamforming/combining.":[21],"To":[22],"enhance":[23],"error":[24,51],"performance,":[25],"adopt":[27],"X-code":[28,64,89,156],"(or":[29,65,157],"X-precoder),":[30],"a":[31,147,160],"low-complexity":[32],"precoding":[33],"technique":[34],"for":[35,75,103],"traditional":[36],"MIMO":[37],"channels,":[38],"to":[39,67],"encode":[40],"information":[41],"symbols.":[42],"We":[43,107],"first":[44],"derive":[45],"upper":[47],"bound":[48],"on":[49,55],"word":[50],"rate":[52],"(WER),":[53],"based":[54],"which":[56],"design":[58,77],"jointly":[59],"IRS":[60,76,136],"phase":[61],"shifts":[62],"and":[63,81,90,101],"X-precoder)":[66,158],"minimize":[68],"WER.":[69],"Specifically,":[70],"propose":[72],"two":[73],"algorithms":[74,138],"exploiting":[78],"alternating":[79],"optimization":[80,84,137],"gradient":[82,143],"ascent":[83,144],"methods.":[85],"Then":[86],"devise":[88],"X-precoder,":[91],"respectively,":[92],"by":[93],"minimizing":[94],"average":[95],"WER":[96,102],"over":[97],"all":[98],"channel":[99,105],"realizations":[100],"each":[104],"realization.":[106],"also":[108],"provide":[109],"their":[110],"diversity":[111],"analysis.":[112],"Further,":[113],"present":[115],"the":[116,126,154],"procedure":[117],"of":[118],"decoupling":[119],"fully":[120],"digital":[121],"beamformer/combiner":[122],"at":[123],"transceiver":[124],"into":[125],"optimal":[127],"one.":[129],"Finally,":[130],"simulation":[131],"results":[132],"show":[133],"that":[134,153],"both":[135],"have":[139],"similar":[140],"WERs":[141],"whereas":[142],"approach":[145],"has":[146],"lower":[148],"computational":[149],"complexity.":[150],"Simulations":[151],"demonstrate":[152],"designed":[155],"provides":[159],"significant":[161],"performance":[162],"gain.":[163]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
