{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4290043216","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3186713","title":"Design of Model-Free Speed Regulation System for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Linear Motor Based on Adaptive Observer","display_name":"Design of Model-Free Speed Regulation System for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Linear Motor Based on Adaptive Observer","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4290043216","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3186713"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3186713","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3186713","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09808138.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09808138.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047120802","display_name":"Zheng Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2383-7607"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34155123","display_name":"Hebei University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05h3pkk68","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34155123"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39333907","display_name":"Yanshan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02txfnf15","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China","School of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2383-7607","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34155123"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100404250","display_name":"Zihao Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9502-3713"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34155123","display_name":"Hebei University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05h3pkk68","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34155123"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zihao Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34155123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000994471","display_name":"Shengdi Feng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34155123","display_name":"Hebei University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05h3pkk68","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34155123"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengdi Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34155123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100639866","display_name":"Jinsong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1010-6699"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34155123","display_name":"Hebei University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05h3pkk68","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34155123"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinsong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34155123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025572212","display_name":"Xiaoqiang Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9375-448X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39333907","display_name":"Yanshan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02txfnf15","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoqiang Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9375-448X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109874184","display_name":"Hexu Sun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34155123","display_name":"Hebei University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05h3pkk68","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34155123"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hexu Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34155123"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047120802"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34155123","https://openalex.org/I39333907"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.3854,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80356863,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"68545","last_page":"68556"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10504","display_name":"Sensorless Control of Electric Motors","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10504","display_name":"Sensorless Control of Electric Motors","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13644","display_name":"Control Systems in Engineering","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11749","display_name":"Iterative Learning Control Systems","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.7280466556549072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronous-motor","display_name":"Synchronous motor","score":0.637111246585846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/permanent-magnet-synchronous-motor","display_name":"Permanent magnet synchronous motor","score":0.557989239692688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-motor","display_name":"Linear motor","score":0.5218521356582642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observer","display_name":"Observer (physics)","score":0.5119820237159729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5118657946586609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnet","display_name":"Magnet","score":0.5056421756744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/permanent-magnet-synchronous-generator","display_name":"Permanent magnet synchronous generator","score":0.4481052756309509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.43677055835723877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-system","display_name":"Linear system","score":0.4115052819252014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17854487895965576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1525115966796875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.10443270206451416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.0992920994758606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.08146852254867554}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.7280466556549072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71376005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845675","display_name":"Synchronous motor","level":2,"score":0.637111246585846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986944758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845675","display_name":"Permanent magnet synchronous motor","level":3,"score":0.557989239692688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46150780","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1164566","display_name":"Linear motor","level":2,"score":0.5218521356582642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780704645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9251458","display_name":"Observer (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5119820237159729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5118657946586609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16389437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11421","display_name":"Magnet","level":2,"score":0.5056421756744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201320609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3274420","display_name":"Permanent magnet synchronous generator","level":3,"score":0.4481052756309509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.43677055835723877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6802819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1072174","display_name":"Linear system","level":2,"score":0.4115052819252014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17854487895965576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1525115966796875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.10443270206451416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0992920994758606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.08146852254867554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3186713","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3186713","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09808138.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:22d19af597a149f88fad486925177661","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/22d19af597a149f88fad486925177661","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 10, Pp 68545-68556 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3186713","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3186713","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09808138.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.800000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1005241408","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U20A20198","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1609952846","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"E2021208008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322163","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1753262017","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51877070","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2165319827","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KFKT201901","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321435","funder_display_name":"Anhui University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5524142374","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51577048","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321435","display_name":"Anhui University","ror":"https://ror.org/05th6yx34"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322163","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4290043216.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4290043216.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W959863489","https://openalex.org/W2019375098","https://openalex.org/W2057787077","https://openalex.org/W2068202815","https://openalex.org/W2077985626","https://openalex.org/W2135493101","https://openalex.org/W2380451736","https://openalex.org/W2888633485","https://openalex.org/W2910483862","https://openalex.org/W2919929030","https://openalex.org/W2945601547","https://openalex.org/W2953421773","https://openalex.org/W2966350157","https://openalex.org/W2983586311","https://openalex.org/W3012436947","https://openalex.org/W3017448439","https://openalex.org/W3040109429","https://openalex.org/W3081229849","https://openalex.org/W3094248731","https://openalex.org/W3133882362","https://openalex.org/W3160309351","https://openalex.org/W3164440336","https://openalex.org/W3193684779","https://openalex.org/W3193858866","https://openalex.org/W3195646904","https://openalex.org/W3203170848","https://openalex.org/W3204812092"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2809214812","https://openalex.org/W3114943288","https://openalex.org/W4312097564","https://openalex.org/W3010211530","https://openalex.org/W4252156693","https://openalex.org/W576110948","https://openalex.org/W2096913508","https://openalex.org/W2355594986","https://openalex.org/W2144803608","https://openalex.org/W2087042126"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"simplify":[1],"the":[2,13,17,23,39,46,52,67,77,83,92,96,100,106,113,122,125,129,135,140,145,152,158,162,176,181,184,207,215,222,232,236],"system":[3,33,166,178,209],"structure":[4],"of":[5,16,27,35,55,79,86,95,109,115,124,139,151,183,217,226,235],"permanent":[6],"magnet":[7],"synchronous":[8],"linear":[9],"motor":[10,80,130],"(PMSLM),":[11],"optimize":[12],"kinematic":[14],"performance":[15,147,225],"control":[18,47,57,141,146,153,186,202,208,228,233,237],"system,":[19,142,229],"and":[20,99,137,143,148,157,173,196,230],"further":[21],"improve":[22],"speed":[24,31,62,114,126],"tracking":[25,219],"accuracy":[26,216],"PMSLM,":[28,59,110],"a":[29,60],"model-free":[30,61],"regulation":[32],"design":[34,118],"PMSLM":[36,87,177,218],"based":[37,65,160],"on":[38,66,128,161],"adaptive":[40,97,165],"observer":[41,159,199],"is":[42,70,88,103],"proposed.":[43],"Aiming":[44],"at":[45],"instability":[48],"problem":[49],"caused":[50],"by":[51,170],"parameter":[53],"uncertainty":[54,78],"PI":[56,190],"in":[58,210],"controller":[63,127,194],"(MFC)":[64],"ultra-local":[68],"model":[69,85,94,102,163],"proposed,":[71],"which":[72],"has":[73],"strong":[74],"robustness":[75],"to":[76,90,111,175,179],"parameters.":[81],"Meanwhile,":[82],"actual":[84],"used":[89],"build":[91],"reference":[93,164],"observer,":[98],"adjustable":[101],"designed":[104,185],"with":[105,189],"current":[107],"equation":[108],"identify":[112],"PMSLM.":[116],"The":[117,155],"not":[119,204],"only":[120,205],"reduces":[121],"dependence":[123],"parameters,":[131],"but":[132,212],"also":[133,213],"simplifies":[134,206],"complexity":[136],"cost":[138],"improves":[144,214,221],"anti-interference":[149],"ability":[150,234],"system.":[154,187,238],"MFC":[156],"(MRAS)":[167],"are":[168],"built":[169],"simulation":[171],"software":[172],"applied":[174],"verify":[180],"superiority":[182],"Compared":[188],"controller,":[191],"sliding":[192,197],"mode":[193,198],"(SMC),":[195],"(SMO),":[200],"this":[201],"method":[203],"structure,":[211],"speed,":[220],"dynamic":[223],"response":[224],"PMSM":[227],"optimizes":[231]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}