{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285255725","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3184417","title":"Design of Virtual Reference Feedforward Controller for an Active Suspension System","display_name":"Design of Virtual Reference Feedforward Controller for an Active Suspension System","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285255725","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3184417"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3184417","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3184417","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09800758.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09800758.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000434865","display_name":"Yonghwan Jeong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9193-7349"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118373667","display_name":"Seoul National University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00chfja07","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118373667"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yonghwan Jeong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9193-7349","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118373667"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067905938","display_name":"Youngil Sohn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5301-3011"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I49946491","display_name":"Hyundai Motors (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/016kvft77","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197312522","https://openalex.org/I49946491"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Youngil Sohn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Advanced Technology Development, Hyundai Motor Company, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5301-3011","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Advanced Technology Development, Hyundai Motor Company, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I49946491"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048252911","display_name":"Sehyun Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0531-8048"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I49946491","display_name":"Hyundai Motors (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/016kvft77","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197312522","https://openalex.org/I49946491"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sehyun Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Advanced Technology Development, Hyundai Motor Company, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Advanced Technology Development, Hyundai Motor Company, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I49946491"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053000850","display_name":"Seongjin Yim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9482-6281"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118373667","display_name":"Seoul National University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00chfja07","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118373667"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seongjin Yim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9482-6281","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118373667"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.1548,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74835802,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"65671","last_page":"65684"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10690","display_name":"Vibration Control and Rheological Fluids","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10690","display_name":"Vibration Control and Rheological Fluids","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11372","display_name":"Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems","score":0.9807000160217285,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10805","display_name":"Vehicle Dynamics and Control Systems","score":0.9801999926567078,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feed-forward","display_name":"Feed forward","score":0.8737418055534363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.7665579319000244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-quadratic-regulator","display_name":"Linear-quadratic regulator","score":0.7111645340919495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6315004229545593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","score":0.6265116333961487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/active-suspension","display_name":"Active suspension","score":0.5179582834243774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/suspension","display_name":"Suspension (topology)","score":0.4968149960041046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic","display_name":"Heuristic","score":0.4570818245410919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reference-model","display_name":"Reference model","score":0.4526415467262268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.4387945830821991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.23562762141227722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.22257155179977417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/actuator","display_name":"Actuator","score":0.21327123045921326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14610126614570618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.08378833532333374}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38858127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5441228","display_name":"Feed forward","level":2,"score":0.8737418055534363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.7665579319000244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98779006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2520550","display_name":"Linear-quadratic regulator","level":3,"score":0.7111645340919495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6315004229545593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.6265116333961487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778293426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173613","display_name":"Active suspension","level":3,"score":0.5179582834243774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105341887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1307987","display_name":"Suspension (topology)","level":3,"score":0.4968149960041046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.4570818245410919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150189527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q356674","display_name":"Reference model","level":2,"score":0.4526415467262268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.4387945830821991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.23562762141227722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.22257155179977417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.21327123045921326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14610126614570618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.08378833532333374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5961521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q746083","display_name":"Homotopy","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3184417","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3184417","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09800758.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:824e56ba71ae4087a9ad2d9ffbc07fb9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/824e56ba71ae4087a9ad2d9ffbc07fb9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 10, Pp 65671-65684 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3184417","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3184417","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09800758.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.75}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310381","display_name":"Hyundai Motor Group","ror":"https://ror.org/05kxbz959"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4285255725.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4285255725.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W60303388","https://openalex.org/W641468332","https://openalex.org/W1958706663","https://openalex.org/W1972638327","https://openalex.org/W1975099863","https://openalex.org/W1980354130","https://openalex.org/W1989040639","https://openalex.org/W1997390590","https://openalex.org/W2002379324","https://openalex.org/W2004579520","https://openalex.org/W2005899524","https://openalex.org/W2022039995","https://openalex.org/W2023255853","https://openalex.org/W2023438958","https://openalex.org/W2027388994","https://openalex.org/W2045376747","https://openalex.org/W2058581879","https://openalex.org/W2073424058","https://openalex.org/W2088132583","https://openalex.org/W2102549132","https://openalex.org/W2114273069","https://openalex.org/W2118582791","https://openalex.org/W2129169822","https://openalex.org/W2138537392","https://openalex.org/W2158831584","https://openalex.org/W2159064141","https://openalex.org/W2161367843","https://openalex.org/W2402062897","https://openalex.org/W2415502689","https://openalex.org/W2493425486","https://openalex.org/W2528997958","https://openalex.org/W2529510944","https://openalex.org/W2589490301","https://openalex.org/W2798500587","https://openalex.org/W2807755378","https://openalex.org/W2900753039","https://openalex.org/W2902160293","https://openalex.org/W2905222776","https://openalex.org/W2935651128","https://openalex.org/W2956192832","https://openalex.org/W2982020433","https://openalex.org/W3046853109","https://openalex.org/W3089888716","https://openalex.org/W3129191971","https://openalex.org/W3130567652","https://openalex.org/W3135337759","https://openalex.org/W3168174802","https://openalex.org/W3170158428","https://openalex.org/W3208668353","https://openalex.org/W4200459189","https://openalex.org/W4214632917","https://openalex.org/W4225377912","https://openalex.org/W4226248874","https://openalex.org/W6602474339"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391042302","https://openalex.org/W4385815869","https://openalex.org/W2386867276","https://openalex.org/W2379980535","https://openalex.org/W2389604225","https://openalex.org/W2942897022","https://openalex.org/W2783066513","https://openalex.org/W21763544","https://openalex.org/W2104497778","https://openalex.org/W2089542413"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,7,25,34,50,57,61,130,138,145],"method":[4],"to":[5,23,28,40,115],"design":[6],"virtual":[8,51,77,105,121],"reference":[9,35,52,78,106,122],"feedforward":[10,26,68],"controller":[11,74],"(VRFC)":[12],"for":[13,67,107],"an":[14,29,108,162],"active":[15,30,109,163],"suspension":[16,31,110,164],"system.":[17,165],"Generally,":[18],"it":[19,112],"is":[20,38,63,79,113,133,153],"not":[21],"easy":[22],"apply":[24],"control":[27,69,125],"system":[32],"because":[33],"or":[36,42,48],"disturbance":[37],"difficult":[39],"measure":[41],"estimate.":[43],"Instead":[44],"of":[45,56,103,119],"measuring":[46],"references":[47],"disturbances,":[49],"on":[53],"heave":[54],"motion":[55],"sprung":[58],"mass":[59],"representing":[60],"bump":[62],"defined":[64],"and":[65,90,135],"used":[66],"in":[70,156],"this":[71],"paper.":[72],"Feedforward":[73],"with":[75,81,144,161],"the":[76,104,120,128,150,158],"combined":[80],"feedback":[82,96],"controllers":[83],"such":[84],"as":[85],"linear":[86,91],"quadratic":[87,92],"regulator":[88],"(LQR)":[89],"(LQ)":[93],"static":[94],"output":[95],"(SOF)":[97],"controller.":[98],"To":[99],"fully":[100],"take":[101],"advantages":[102],"system,":[111],"necessary":[114],"find":[116],"optimal":[117],"parameters":[118],"which":[123],"maximizes":[124],"performance.":[126],"For":[127],"purpose,":[129],"simulation-based":[131],"optimization":[132,140],"formulated":[134],"solved":[136],"by":[137],"heuristic":[139],"method.":[141],"A":[142],"simulation":[143,146],"package":[147],"shows":[148],"that":[149],"proposed":[151],"VRFC":[152],"quite":[154],"effective":[155],"improving":[157],"ride":[159],"comfort":[160]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-12T08:23:45.883708","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
