{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285130568","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3183185","title":"An Exemplar Pyramid Feature Extraction Based Alzheimer Disease Classification Method","display_name":"An Exemplar Pyramid Feature Extraction Based Alzheimer Disease Classification Method","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285130568","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3183185"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3183185","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3183185","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09796517.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09796517.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007757841","display_name":"Heba Soliman Zaina","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5522-6678"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144839","display_name":"Hamad bin Khalifa University","ror":"https://ror.org/03eyq4y97","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Heba Soliman Zaina","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5522-6678","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053691175","display_name":"Samir Brahim Belhaouari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2336-0490"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144839","display_name":"Hamad bin Khalifa University","ror":"https://ror.org/03eyq4y97","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samir Brahim Belhaouari","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2336-0490","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087280190","display_name":"Tanya Stanko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9573-4741"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172901346","display_name":"St Petersburg University","ror":"https://ror.org/023znxa73","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172901346"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tanya Stanko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Management, Saint Petersburgh State University, Saint Petersburgh, Russia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9573-4741","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Management, Saint Petersburgh State University, Saint Petersburgh, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172901346"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072335073","display_name":"Vladimir Gorovoy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1413-9391"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172901346","display_name":"St Petersburg University","ror":"https://ror.org/023znxa73","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172901346"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vladimir Gorovoy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Management, Saint Petersburgh State University, Saint Petersburgh, Russia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Management, Saint Petersburgh State University, Saint Petersburgh, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172901346"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007757841"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.7791,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85523206,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"66511","last_page":"66521"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.9797999858856201,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9761000275611877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dementia","display_name":"Dementia","score":0.6123393177986145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5631248354911804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease","display_name":"Disease","score":0.5437577366828918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5429674386978149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5230832099914551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alzheimers-disease","display_name":"Alzheimer's disease","score":0.5039243102073669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white-matter","display_name":"White matter","score":0.4722275733947754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-impairment","display_name":"Cognitive impairment","score":0.4646923243999481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.4457373321056366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preprocessor","display_name":"Preprocessor","score":0.4343010187149048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concatenation","display_name":"Concatenation (mathematics)","score":0.4283527135848999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-classification","display_name":"Binary classification","score":0.4129795432090759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.33630210161209106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.24036183953285217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.22796660661697388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-resonance-imaging","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","score":0.21829873323440552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathology","display_name":"Pathology","score":0.19760587811470032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17235067486763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.13549095392227173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiology","display_name":"Radiology","score":0.09930825233459473}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779483572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83030","display_name":"Dementia","level":3,"score":0.6123393177986145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5631248354911804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.5437577366828918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5429674386978149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5230832099914551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502032728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11081","display_name":"Alzheimer's disease","level":3,"score":0.5039243102073669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781192897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q822050","display_name":"White matter","level":3,"score":0.4722275733947754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984915365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5141203","display_name":"Cognitive impairment","level":3,"score":0.4646923243999481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.4457373321056366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.4343010187149048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87619178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126002","display_name":"Concatenation (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4283527135848999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66905080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17005494","display_name":"Binary classification","level":3,"score":0.4129795432090759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.33630210161209106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.24036183953285217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.22796660661697388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143409427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161238","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","level":2,"score":0.21829873323440552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.19760587811470032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17235067486763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.13549095392227173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.09930825233459473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3183185","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3183185","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09796517.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:270bec9dd5a94d9595a3c42899abe62d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/270bec9dd5a94d9595a3c42899abe62d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 10, Pp 66511-66521 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/24056394","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/An_Exemplar_Pyramid_Feature_Extraction_Based_Alzheimer_Disease_Classification_Method/24056394","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3183185","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3183185","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09796517.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334468","display_name":"Qatar National Library","ror":"https://ror.org/02jv93662"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4285130568.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4285130568.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966822758","https://openalex.org/W2044465660","https://openalex.org/W2069778485","https://openalex.org/W2120839036","https://openalex.org/W2175191116","https://openalex.org/W2396022766","https://openalex.org/W2419053760","https://openalex.org/W2527896982","https://openalex.org/W2560235512","https://openalex.org/W2561981131","https://openalex.org/W2568424517","https://openalex.org/W2765366332","https://openalex.org/W2766585573","https://openalex.org/W2782718222","https://openalex.org/W2789337348","https://openalex.org/W2805827700","https://openalex.org/W2809715361","https://openalex.org/W2889682853","https://openalex.org/W2891516347","https://openalex.org/W2901448493","https://openalex.org/W2905035821","https://openalex.org/W2907148404","https://openalex.org/W2908469802","https://openalex.org/W2942882625","https://openalex.org/W2951934944","https://openalex.org/W2968172843","https://openalex.org/W2979733507","https://openalex.org/W3007905479","https://openalex.org/W3009806105","https://openalex.org/W3040343225","https://openalex.org/W3142371777","https://openalex.org/W4235242162","https://openalex.org/W4388297464","https://openalex.org/W6678326835"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2373577936","https://openalex.org/W4221148444","https://openalex.org/W4387678054","https://openalex.org/W2389596151","https://openalex.org/W3095575180","https://openalex.org/W4306784355","https://openalex.org/W2169308097","https://openalex.org/W4246226292","https://openalex.org/W3091984855","https://openalex.org/W2524699983"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Dementia":[0],"is":[1,30,51,77],"a":[2,7,71],"term":[3,190],"used":[4,146],"to":[5,12,40,52,63,197,213,241],"describe":[6],"variety":[8],"of":[9,23,27,74,104,112,154,161,164,191,229,264],"symptoms":[10],"related":[11],"cognitive":[13],"impairment":[14],"in":[15,121,147],"which":[16],"Alzheimer":[17,113,135,165,178],"disease":[18,35,55,114,166],"represents":[19],"60%":[20],"-":[21],"70%":[22],"the":[24,37,54,129,148,260],"cases.":[25],"As":[26],"today,":[28],"there":[29],"no":[31],"cure":[32],"for":[33,158,180],"this":[34,69],"and":[36,46,57,97,108,141,177,185,205,222,232,250,269],"only":[38],"way":[39],"prevent":[41,64],"any":[42,65],"associated":[43],"medical,":[44],"economic,":[45],"financial":[47],"impacts":[48],"or":[49],"losses":[50],"detect":[53],"early":[56],"work":[58],"closely":[59],"with":[60,84,226,247,254],"suspected":[61],"patients":[62],"further":[66],"progress.":[67],"In":[68,189],"research,":[70],"methodology":[72],"consisting":[73],"4":[75,162],"modules":[76],"proposed:":[78],"(1)":[79],"preprocessing,":[80],"exemplar":[81],"pyramid":[82],"along":[83],"bi-linear":[85],"interpolation":[86],"followed":[87],"by":[88],"(2)":[89],"feature":[90],"extraction":[91],"using":[92,116,128,202,208,236,266],"Gray":[93,182],"Level":[94],"Co-Occurrence":[95],"Matrix":[96],"Local":[98],"Binary":[99],"Pattern":[100],"then":[101],"(3)":[102],"concatenation":[103],"all":[105],"extracted":[106],"features":[107],"finally":[109],"(4)":[110],"classification":[111,160],"stage":[115],"deep":[117],"learning,":[118],"Multi-Layer":[119],"Perceptron,":[120],"particular.":[122],"Our":[123],"proposed":[124],"method":[125],"was":[126,156],"tested":[127],"MPRAGE":[130],"structural":[131],"MRI":[132],"dataset":[133],"from":[134],"Disease":[136],"Neuro":[137],"Imaging":[138],"Initiative":[139],"(ADNI),":[140],"it":[142],"outperformed":[143],"other":[144],"techniques":[145],"literature":[149],"review.":[150],"An":[151],"accuracy":[152,227,249,262],"result":[153,263],"89.80":[155],"reported":[157],"multi-class":[159],"stages":[163],"(Cognitive":[167],"Normal,":[168],"Early":[169],"Mild":[170,174],"Cognitive":[171,175],"Impairment,":[172],"Late":[173],"Impairment":[176],"Disease)":[179],"both":[181,203,267],"Matter":[183,187],"(GM)":[184],"White":[186],"(WM).":[188],"binary-class":[192],"classification,":[193],"we":[194,210,238,258],"were":[195,211,239],"able":[196,212,240],"achieve":[198],"very":[199],"good":[200],"results":[201,228],"GM":[204],"WM.":[206],"By":[207],"GM,":[209],"distinguish":[214,242],"between":[215,243],"CN":[216,244],"vs":[217,220,224,245,252],"EMCI,":[218],"EMCI":[219,251],"AD":[221,225],"LMCI":[223,246,253],"96.43%,":[230],"90.91%":[231],"95.24%":[233],"respectively.":[234],"And":[235],"WM,":[237],"100%":[248],"95.65%":[255],"accuracy.":[256],"While":[257],"achieved":[259],"same":[261],"96.15":[265],"WM":[268],"GM.":[270]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}