{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285229350","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3180175","title":"A Novel Algorithm to Delineate Surface Water Paths on Digital Elevation Model Image With Boundary Element Method","display_name":"A Novel Algorithm to Delineate Surface Water Paths on Digital Elevation Model Image With Boundary Element Method","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285229350","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3180175"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3180175","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3180175","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09787408.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09787408.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007545070","display_name":"Ajalawit Chantaveerod","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6664-9641"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96916377","display_name":"Walailak University","ror":"https://ror.org/04b69g067","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96916377"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ajalawit Chantaveerod","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Center of Excellence in Sustainable Disaster Management, School of Engineering and Technology, Walailak University, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand","Center of Excellence in Sustainable Disaster Management, Department of Electrical Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Center of Excellence in Sustainable Disaster Management, School of Engineering and Technology, Walailak University, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96916377"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Excellence in Sustainable Disaster Management, Department of Electrical Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96916377"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041128986","display_name":"Kampol Woradit","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7383-0361"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48076826","display_name":"Chiang Mai University","ror":"https://ror.org/05m2fqn25","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48076826"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kampol Woradit","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Optimization Theory and Applications for Engineering Systems (OASYS) Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand","Optimization Theory and Applications for Engineering Systems Research Group, Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7383-0361","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Optimization Theory and Applications for Engineering Systems (OASYS) Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48076826"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Optimization Theory and Applications for Engineering Systems Research Group, Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48076826"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070368747","display_name":"Andrew Seagar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1074-3516"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11701301","display_name":"Griffith University","ror":"https://ror.org/02sc3r913","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11701301"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew D. Seagar","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and the Built Environment, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia","School of Engineering and the Built Environment, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1074-3516","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and the Built Environment, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11701301"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and the Built Environment, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11701301"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022833597","display_name":"Thunyawat Limpiti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5642-5874"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96916377","display_name":"Walailak University","ror":"https://ror.org/04b69g067","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96916377"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thunyawat Limpiti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, Walailak University, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand","Department of Electrical Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5642-5874","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, Walailak University, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96916377"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96916377"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.1612,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.46141785,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"60189","last_page":"60212"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10330","display_name":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10330","display_name":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10930","display_name":"Flood Risk Assessment and Management","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10577","display_name":"Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.7166950106620789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.6139248609542847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boundary","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","score":0.5795962810516357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.5559061765670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-elevation-model","display_name":"Digital elevation model","score":0.5411720275878906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contour-line","display_name":"Contour line","score":0.5027956962585449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.48303207755088806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elevation","display_name":"Elevation (ballistics)","score":0.4705016314983368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.33111804723739624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.197590172290802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.19238445162773132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.120552659034729}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.7166950106620789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.6139248609542847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62354387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875399","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","level":2,"score":0.5795962810516357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.5559061765670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181843262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q640492","display_name":"Digital elevation model","level":2,"score":0.5411720275878906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86069527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6653802","display_name":"Contour line","level":2,"score":0.5027956962585449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.48303207755088806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37054046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641888","display_name":"Elevation (ballistics)","level":2,"score":0.4705016314983368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.33111804723739624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.197590172290802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.19238445162773132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.120552659034729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3180175","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3180175","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09787408.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:23a2af8176d945138a5b0faf3fe49139","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/23a2af8176d945138a5b0faf3fe49139","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 10, Pp 60189-60212 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research-repository.griffith.edu.au:10072/415927","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10072/415927","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3180175","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3180175","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09787408.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":0.8500000238418579}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1984895185","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PRP6405032390","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323106","funder_display_name":"Agricultural Research Development Agency"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323106","display_name":"Agricultural Research Development Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/01shbv660"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4285229350.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4285229350.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W977489400","https://openalex.org/W1438684603","https://openalex.org/W1629324795","https://openalex.org/W1802734833","https://openalex.org/W1959798765","https://openalex.org/W1971044122","https://openalex.org/W1973663667","https://openalex.org/W1988840796","https://openalex.org/W1997938359","https://openalex.org/W1999896803","https://openalex.org/W2004243894","https://openalex.org/W2011850288","https://openalex.org/W2020225014","https://openalex.org/W2025053342","https://openalex.org/W2044841495","https://openalex.org/W2044878555","https://openalex.org/W2047195451","https://openalex.org/W2082096457","https://openalex.org/W2084997416","https://openalex.org/W2087884757","https://openalex.org/W2088957290","https://openalex.org/W2089958259","https://openalex.org/W2095232895","https://openalex.org/W2102246493","https://openalex.org/W2107703370","https://openalex.org/W2108826878","https://openalex.org/W2109600288","https://openalex.org/W2118675901","https://openalex.org/W2118930130","https://openalex.org/W2119534769","https://openalex.org/W2127837070","https://openalex.org/W2138777151","https://openalex.org/W2143296882","https://openalex.org/W2148602008","https://openalex.org/W2158815934","https://openalex.org/W2165654941","https://openalex.org/W2167507651","https://openalex.org/W2170801163","https://openalex.org/W2183090600","https://openalex.org/W2220004120","https://openalex.org/W2298770932","https://openalex.org/W2313908765","https://openalex.org/W2327566354","https://openalex.org/W2585429769","https://openalex.org/W2793167574","https://openalex.org/W2990812868","https://openalex.org/W3003861044","https://openalex.org/W3023127865","https://openalex.org/W3049332966","https://openalex.org/W3095061895","https://openalex.org/W3181392672","https://openalex.org/W6628224981","https://openalex.org/W6676260808","https://openalex.org/W6686109242","https://openalex.org/W6688493716","https://openalex.org/W6697614014"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3148155918","https://openalex.org/W2462682329","https://openalex.org/W4206741056","https://openalex.org/W3040595263","https://openalex.org/W1621772017","https://openalex.org/W4239147863","https://openalex.org/W2909855017","https://openalex.org/W2352163239","https://openalex.org/W2264981486","https://openalex.org/W2125935224"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"It":[0],"is":[1,68,167,183,198],"well-known":[2],"that":[3,128],"the":[4,26,30,37,40,57,71,86,90,99,109,130,135,164,176,191,194],"delineated":[5,31,100,156],"surface":[6],"water":[7,201],"paths":[8],"(SWP)":[9],"from":[10],"a":[11,63,151],"DEM":[12,153],"image":[13],"are":[14,116,124,158],"essential":[15],"in":[16,25,54,92,95,203],"hydrology.":[17],"Both":[18],"grid-based":[19,38,132],"and":[20,175,205],"contour-based":[21,41,65],"algorithms":[22,42],"were":[23],"proposed":[24,104,136],"literature":[27],"to":[28,36,88,97,169],"improve":[29],"SWP":[32,91,101],"position’s":[33],"accuracy.":[34],"Compared":[35],"algorithm,":[39],"usually":[43],"give":[44],"more":[45,125],"accurate":[46,126],"results":[47],"but":[48],"require":[49],"higher":[50],"computation":[51,140],"resources,":[52],"especially":[53],"case":[55],"of":[56,74,129],"wide":[58],"catchment.":[59],"This":[60,83,188],"paper":[61],"introduces":[62],"new":[64],"algorithm":[66,87,105,137,189],"which":[67,197],"formulated":[69],"with":[70,79,108,150],"semi-analytical":[72],"solution":[73],"Laplace’s":[75],"partial":[76],"differential":[77],"equation":[78],"boundary":[80],"element":[81],"method.":[82],"approach":[84],"allows":[85],"determine":[89],"any":[93],"direction":[94],"order":[96],"keep":[98],"smooth.":[102],"The":[103,121],"was":[106],"validated":[107],"standard":[110],"synthetic":[111],"surfaces,":[112],"where":[113],"theoretical":[114],"SWPs":[115,123,157],"known":[117],"for":[118,200],"accuracy":[119],"evaluation.":[120],"obtained":[122],"than":[127,172],"popular":[131],"algorithms.":[133],"Moreover,":[134],"requires":[138],"less":[139,171],"resources":[141],"when":[142,163],"considering":[143],"very":[144],"long":[145],"contour":[146,165],"lines.":[147],"In":[148],"experimentation":[149],"real":[152],"image,":[154],"all":[155],"absolute":[159],"(no":[160],"broken":[161],"part)":[162],"interval":[166],"equal":[168],"or":[170,186],"20":[173,184],"meters,":[174],"spacing":[177],"between":[178],"adjacent":[179],"discrete":[180],"elevation":[181],"data":[182],"meters":[185],"narrower.":[187],"helps":[190],"hydrologists":[192],"estimate":[193],"catchment":[195],"area,":[196],"useful":[199],"management":[202],"flood":[204],"drought":[206],"prevention.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}