{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285109499","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3179577","title":"TimeDistributed-CNN-LSTM: A Hybrid Approach Combining CNN and LSTM to Classify Brain Tumor on 3D MRI Scans Performing Ablation Study","display_name":"TimeDistributed-CNN-LSTM: A Hybrid Approach Combining CNN and LSTM to Classify Brain Tumor on 3D MRI Scans Performing Ablation Study","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285109499","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3179577"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3179577","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3179577","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09786658.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09786658.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021678314","display_name":"Sidratul Montaha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5276-3793"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200606013","display_name":"Daffodil International University","ror":"https://ror.org/052t4a858","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200606013"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sidratul Montaha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh","Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Daffodil International University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5276-3793","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200606013"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Daffodil International University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200606013"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062716310","display_name":"Sami Azam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7572-9750"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29894533","display_name":"Charles Darwin University","ror":"https://ror.org/048zcaj52","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29894533"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sami Azam","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Engineering, IT and Environment, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, NT, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7572-9750","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering, IT and Environment, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, NT, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29894533"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070571235","display_name":"A. K. M. Rakibul Haque Rafid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6236-2352"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200606013","display_name":"Daffodil International University","ror":"https://ror.org/052t4a858","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200606013"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. K. M. Rakibul Haque Rafid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh","Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Daffodil International University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200606013"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Daffodil International University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200606013"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100637205","display_name":"Md. Zahid Hasan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0132-1717"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200606013","display_name":"Daffodil International University","ror":"https://ror.org/052t4a858","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200606013"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md. Zahid Hasan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh","Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Daffodil International University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0132-1717","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200606013"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Daffodil International University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200606013"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010244781","display_name":"Asif Karim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8532-6816"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29894533","display_name":"Charles Darwin University","ror":"https://ror.org/048zcaj52","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29894533"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asif Karim","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Engineering, IT and Environment, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, NT, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8532-6816","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering, IT and Environment, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, NT, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29894533"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082493192","display_name":"Ashraful Islam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2367-2013"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79516672","display_name":"University of Louisiana at Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/01x8rc503","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799628689","https://openalex.org/I79516672"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ashraful Islam","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Informatics, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Louisiana, LA, USA","School of Computing and Informatics, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Louisiana, LA 70504, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2367-2013","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Informatics, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Louisiana, LA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79516672"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Informatics, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Louisiana, LA 70504, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79516672"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5021678314"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200606013"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":12.6166,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":163,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99164024,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"60039","last_page":"60059"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14510","display_name":"Medical Imaging and Analysis","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7349730134010315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fluid-attenuated-inversion-recovery","display_name":"Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery","score":0.6975933909416199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.673781156539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.6343128681182861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-resonance-imaging","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","score":0.6276319026947021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5655604600906372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-tumor","display_name":"Brain tumor","score":0.5393422245979309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glioma","display_name":"Glioma","score":0.4847945272922516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-ablation","display_name":"Tumor ablation","score":0.448970764875412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4433276355266571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiology","display_name":"Radiology","score":0.2625259757041931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.22245097160339355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ablation","display_name":"Ablation","score":0.19429749250411987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathology","display_name":"Pathology","score":0.08385086059570312}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7349730134010315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101070640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3737215","display_name":"Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery","level":3,"score":0.6975933909416199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.673781156539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.6343128681182861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143409427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161238","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","level":2,"score":0.6276319026947021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5655604600906372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779130545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q233309","display_name":"Brain tumor","level":2,"score":0.5393422245979309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778227246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1365309","display_name":"Glioma","level":2,"score":0.4847945272922516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020187634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q322177","display_name":"Tumor ablation","level":3,"score":0.448970764875412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4433276355266571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.2625259757041931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.22245097160339355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778902805","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q322177","display_name":"Ablation","level":2,"score":0.19429749250411987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.08385086059570312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502942594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914","display_name":"Cancer research","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3179577","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3179577","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09786658.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7247b7187bd4465ab2da614d113803cb","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7247b7187bd4465ab2da614d113803cb","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 10, Pp 60039-60059 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3179577","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3179577","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09786658.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.44999998807907104,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4285109499.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4285109499.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1815337875","https://openalex.org/W1995121009","https://openalex.org/W2116531017","https://openalex.org/W2126557147","https://openalex.org/W2159783272","https://openalex.org/W2165472185","https://openalex.org/W2301358467","https://openalex.org/W2323929895","https://openalex.org/W2366536035","https://openalex.org/W2610781289","https://openalex.org/W2741601504","https://openalex.org/W2790497327","https://openalex.org/W2791119196","https://openalex.org/W2890207295","https://openalex.org/W2896924809","https://openalex.org/W2904910159","https://openalex.org/W2912468918","https://openalex.org/W2912735527","https://openalex.org/W2912909565","https://openalex.org/W2913860539","https://openalex.org/W2923281416","https://openalex.org/W2942882625","https://openalex.org/W2943971163","https://openalex.org/W2949111613","https://openalex.org/W2952756408","https://openalex.org/W2953521532","https://openalex.org/W2996476963","https://openalex.org/W3011430986","https://openalex.org/W3015500759","https://openalex.org/W3017037418","https://openalex.org/W3018201087","https://openalex.org/W3018852185","https://openalex.org/W3018950436","https://openalex.org/W3021970402","https://openalex.org/W3027411515","https://openalex.org/W3028572934","https://openalex.org/W3031839920","https://openalex.org/W3042995648","https://openalex.org/W3046125174","https://openalex.org/W3046607810","https://openalex.org/W3087205567","https://openalex.org/W3105078060","https://openalex.org/W3105843050","https://openalex.org/W3110420963","https://openalex.org/W3118503369","https://openalex.org/W3133719585","https://openalex.org/W3138078459","https://openalex.org/W3147474464","https://openalex.org/W3155555028","https://openalex.org/W3159670968","https://openalex.org/W3164956625","https://openalex.org/W3176178968","https://openalex.org/W4200051340","https://openalex.org/W6684029255","https://openalex.org/W6758949196","https://openalex.org/W6760813704"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2397888002","https://openalex.org/W2356247871","https://openalex.org/W2373716292","https://openalex.org/W2381429000","https://openalex.org/W2364564193","https://openalex.org/W2393352769","https://openalex.org/W2131742827","https://openalex.org/W4389341328","https://openalex.org/W4309923383","https://openalex.org/W2408873457"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Identification":[0],"of":[1,24,31,55,75,109,116,148,181,192,206,281,297,311,344,361,384],"brain":[2,48,76,97,119,404],"tumors":[3],"and":[4,29,90,103,134,172,266,302,313],"accurate":[5],"grading":[6],"at":[7,391],"an":[8,225],"early":[9],"stage":[10],"are":[11,43,93,305],"crucial":[12],"in":[13,46,52,72,152,243,410,422],"cancer":[14,229],"diagnosis,":[15],"as":[16,38,209,315,324],"a":[17,141,158,187,210,272,392],"timely":[18],"diagnosis":[19,74],"can":[20,223,406,419],"increase":[21,308],"the":[22,27,53,68,73,110,153,182,194,201,235,249,269,282,287,298,309,325,331,333,339,350,357,366,369,388],"chances":[23],"survival.":[25],"Considering":[26],"challenges":[28],"risks":[30],"tumor":[32,98,221,405],"biopsies,":[33],"noninvasive":[34],"imaging":[35,57],"procedures":[36],"such":[37],"Magnetic":[39],"Resonance":[40],"Imaging":[41],"(MRI)":[42],"extensively":[44],"used":[45,314,408],"analyzing":[47],"tumors.":[49],"Recent":[50],"advances":[51],"field":[54],"medical":[56,423],"with":[58,127,186,239,253,279,289,374,398],"deep":[59,160],"learning":[60,161],"using":[61,378,394],"three":[62,81],"dimensional":[63],"(3D)":[64],"MRI":[65,83,118,123,126,132,204,236,283,389],"is":[66,146,184,197,245,251,276,322,335,372],"aiding":[67],"clinical":[69],"experts":[70],"significantly":[71],"tumor.":[77],"In":[78,268,292],"this":[79,293],"study,":[80],"BraTS":[82,86,88,91,300,303,319],"datasets":[84,111,334],"named":[85,121,163],"2018,":[87],"2019":[89,304],"2020":[92,320],"employed":[94,323],"to":[95,198,285,307,337,364,402],"classify":[96,403],"into":[99],"high-grade":[100],"glioma":[101,105],"(HGG)":[102],"low-grade":[104],"(LGG)":[106],"where":[107,178,318],"each":[108,179,207,280],"contains":[112,217],"four":[113,202],"different":[114,379],"sequences":[115,205,237,284,390],"3D":[117,167,203,244,273,354],"images":[120,312],"T1-weighted":[122,125],"(T1),":[124],"contrast":[128],"enhancement":[129],"(T1ce),":[130],"T2-weighted":[131],"(T2),":[133],"Fluid":[135],"Attenuated":[136],"Inversion":[137],"Recovery":[138],"(FLAIR)":[139],"for":[140,263,295],"single":[142,211],"patient.":[143],"This":[144],"research":[145,417],"composed":[147],"two":[149,346],"approaches":[150,347],"where,":[151],"first":[154],"part,":[155,271],"we":[156],"propose":[157],"hybrid":[159,195,395],"model":[162,196,250,275,371],"TimeDistributed-CNN-LSTM":[164],"(TD-CNN-LSTM)":[165],"combining":[166],"Convolutional":[168],"Neural":[169],"Network":[170],"(CNN)":[171],"Long":[173],"Short":[174],"Term":[175],"Memory":[176],"(LSTM)":[177],"layer":[180,264],"architecture":[183,265],"wrapped":[185],"TimeDistributed":[188],"function.":[189],"The":[190,382],"objective":[191],"developing":[193],"consider":[199],"all":[200,234,387],"patient":[208],"input":[212],"data":[213],"because":[214],"every":[215],"sequence":[216],"necessary":[218],"information":[219],"on":[220,227,257],"that":[222,349],"have":[224],"impact":[226],"improving":[228],"detection":[230],"performance.":[231,341],"However,":[232],"interpreting":[233],"together":[238,386],"optimal":[240,254],"performance":[241,288,367],"especially":[242],"quite":[246],"challenging.":[247],"Therefore,":[248],"developed":[252],"configuration":[255],"based":[256,416],"highest":[258,340,358],"accuracy":[259,360],"performing":[260],"ablation":[261],"study":[262],"hyper-parameters.":[267],"second":[270],"CNN":[274,355],"trained":[277],"respectively":[278],"compare":[286],"TD-CNN-LSTM":[290,351,370],"model.":[291],"regard,":[294],"both":[296],"models,":[299],"2018":[301],"combined":[306],"number":[310],"train":[316],"dataset":[317,321],"test":[326,359],"dataset.":[327],"Moreover,":[328],"before":[329],"training":[330],"models":[332],"preprocessed":[336],"ensure":[338],"Our":[342],"results":[343],"these":[345],"demonstrate":[348],"network":[352],"outperforms":[353],"achieving":[356],"98.90%.":[362],"Later,":[363],"evaluate":[365],"consistency,":[368],"evaluated":[373],"K-fold":[375],"cross":[376],"validation":[377],"k":[380],"values.":[381],"approach":[383,397],"putting":[385],"time":[393],"CNN-LSTM":[396],"good":[399],"generalization":[400],"capability":[401],"be":[407],"effectively":[409],"future":[411],"Computer":[412],"Aided":[413],"Diagnosis":[414],"(CAD)":[415],"which":[418],"aid":[420],"radiologists":[421],"diagnostics.":[424]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":46},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":57},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":41},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-05-14T08:36:36.166977","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}