{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285231141","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3179005","title":"Interconnected CPW Fed Flexible 4-Port MIMO Antenna for UWB, X, and Ku Band Applications","display_name":"Interconnected CPW Fed Flexible 4-Port MIMO Antenna for UWB, X, and Ku Band Applications","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285231141","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3179005"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3179005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3179005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3179005","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083589004","display_name":"Arpan Desai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4813-2964"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33459947","display_name":"Charotar University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0442pkv24","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33459947"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arpan Desai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Charotar University of Science and Technology (CHARUSAT), Changa, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4813-2964","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Charotar University of Science and Technology (CHARUSAT), Changa, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33459947"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078135589","display_name":"Jayshri Kulkarni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0786-4373"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188963388","display_name":"International Institute of Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02dernx73","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188963388"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jayshri Kulkarni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Vishwakarma Institute of Information Technology, Pune, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0786-4373","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Vishwakarma Institute of Information Technology, Pune, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188963388"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009934723","display_name":"M. M. Kamruzzaman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8464-1523"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199702508","display_name":"Jouf University","ror":"https://ror.org/02zsyt821","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199702508"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. M. Kamruzzaman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Jouf University, Sakakah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8464-1523","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Jouf University, Sakakah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199702508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031113286","display_name":"\u0160t\u011bp\u00e1n Hub\u00e1lovsk\u00fd","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1570-222X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75092371","display_name":"University of Hradec Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/05k238v14","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75092371"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stepan Hubalovsky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Cybernetics, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kr&#x00E1;lov&#x00E9;, Hradec Kr&#x00E1;lov&#x00E9;, Czech Republic"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Cybernetics, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kr&#x00E1;lov&#x00E9;, Hradec Kr&#x00E1;lov&#x00E9;, Czech Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75092371"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007524772","display_name":"Heng\u2010Tung Hsu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7753-5690"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heng-Tung Hsu","raw_affiliation_strings":["International College of Semiconductor Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","Industry Academia Innovation School, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7753-5690","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International College of Semiconductor Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Industry Academia Innovation School, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026793971","display_name":"Ahmed A. Ibrahim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7122-0770"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89466785","display_name":"Minia University","ror":"https://ror.org/02hcv4z63","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I89466785"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed A. Ibrahim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronics and Communications Engineering Department, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7122-0770","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics and Communications Engineering Department, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89466785"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":5,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":55.8716,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":108,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99891547,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"57641","last_page":"57654"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coplanar-waveguide","display_name":"Coplanar waveguide","score":0.618321418762207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.5620149970054626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.5002405643463135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anechoic-chamber","display_name":"Anechoic chamber","score":0.48318400979042053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.45125117897987366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-efficiency","display_name":"Antenna efficiency","score":0.4467692971229553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lambda","display_name":"Lambda","score":0.41874170303344727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3497146964073181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3459396958351135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.32888150215148926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiation-pattern","display_name":"Radiation pattern","score":0.3129902184009552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.26529693603515625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.26263123750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.22483336925506592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.21409359574317932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave","display_name":"Microwave","score":0.12482669949531555}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3736036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15525941","display_name":"Coplanar waveguide","level":3,"score":0.618321418762207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.5620149970054626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.5002405643463135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149712133","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q332774","display_name":"Anechoic chamber","level":2,"score":0.48318400979042053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.45125117897987366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160844929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55604036","display_name":"Antenna efficiency","level":4,"score":0.4467692971229553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778113609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10897","display_name":"Lambda","level":2,"score":0.41874170303344727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3497146964073181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3459396958351135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.32888150215148926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151764478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q571921","display_name":"Radiation pattern","level":3,"score":0.3129902184009552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.26529693603515625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.26263123750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.22483336925506592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.21409359574317932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44838205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127995","display_name":"Microwave","level":2,"score":0.12482669949531555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3179005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3179005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e10f55fe9c2f4f74adb273f325c2d6dd","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e10f55fe9c2f4f74adb273f325c2d6dd","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 10, Pp 57641-57654 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3179005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3179005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2055728292","https://openalex.org/W2134590088","https://openalex.org/W2343480808","https://openalex.org/W2604217340","https://openalex.org/W2793049669","https://openalex.org/W2890105171","https://openalex.org/W2921555616","https://openalex.org/W2940668706","https://openalex.org/W2967970129","https://openalex.org/W2969544319","https://openalex.org/W2979114941","https://openalex.org/W3017055077","https://openalex.org/W3023394411","https://openalex.org/W3030274573","https://openalex.org/W3044844209","https://openalex.org/W3088183912","https://openalex.org/W3093699819","https://openalex.org/W3094323078","https://openalex.org/W3103326223","https://openalex.org/W3110586185","https://openalex.org/W3114396171","https://openalex.org/W3115829700","https://openalex.org/W3121064304","https://openalex.org/W3124043485","https://openalex.org/W3127616415","https://openalex.org/W3131497844","https://openalex.org/W3156149727","https://openalex.org/W3165093504","https://openalex.org/W3166102213","https://openalex.org/W3174352582","https://openalex.org/W3210015164","https://openalex.org/W3214683558","https://openalex.org/W6959927566"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2169567031","https://openalex.org/W2001172292","https://openalex.org/W1849802015","https://openalex.org/W2157791755","https://openalex.org/W2135759112","https://openalex.org/W2385626144","https://openalex.org/W2125220165","https://openalex.org/W70584534","https://openalex.org/W3151400447","https://openalex.org/W1970327477"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,47],"coplanar":[1],"waveguide":[2],"(CPW)":[3],"fed":[4,116],"flexible":[5,62,227],"interconnected":[6],"4-port":[7,58,110,170,226],"MIMO":[8,125],"antenna":[9,30,43,97,103,194,228],"is":[10,51,69,84,105,127,152,229],"proposed":[11],"for":[12,53,71,86,141],"UWB,":[13],"X,":[14],"and":[15,45,57,74,92,198,204,217,236,244],"Ku":[16],"band":[17],"applications":[18],"having":[19],"a":[20,61,80,106,114,137,156,162,209,249],"size$0.67\\lambda":[21],"\\times":[22,24],"0.81\\lambda":[23],"0.0028\\lambda":[25],"$(at":[26],"3.58":[27],"GHz).":[28],"The":[29,101,124,146,193],"parameters":[31,235],"are":[32],"characterized":[33],"by":[34,120,129,154,161,248],"using":[35],"sets":[36],"of":[37,95,108,113,173,201,213,233],"real":[38],"measurements":[39],"to":[40],"validate":[41],"the":[42,55,88,93,96,109,131,150,166,169,174,181,186,225,242],"design":[44],"modelling.":[46],"precise":[48],"milling":[49],"machine":[50],"used":[52,70],"fabricating":[54],"single":[56],"antennas":[59],"over":[60],"FR-4":[63],"Substrate.":[64],"Vector":[65],"network":[66],"analyser":[67],"(VNA)":[68],"measuring":[72,87],"scattering":[73],"transmission":[75],"coefficients.":[76],"As":[77],"well":[78],"as,":[79],"shielded":[81],"anechoic":[82],"chamber":[83],"utilised":[85],"far":[89],"field":[90],"radiations":[91],"gain":[94,197],"under":[98,238],"test":[99],"(AUT).":[100],"basic":[102],"that":[104,252],"part":[107],"structure":[111,118,159],"consists":[112],"CPW":[115],"octagonal":[117],"surrounded":[119],"an":[121],"octagonal-shaped":[122],"slot.":[123],"ability":[126],"achieved":[128,153],"arranging":[130],"4":[132],"identical":[133],"elements":[134,151],"symmetrically":[135],"in":[136,168,231],"successive":[138],"rotational":[139],"means":[140],"achieving":[142],"good":[143,255],"polarization":[144],"diversity.":[145],"connected":[147],"ground":[148],"between":[149],"introducing":[155],"plus-shaped":[157],"slotted":[158,163],"separated":[160],"diamond":[164],"at":[165],"center":[167],"structure.":[171],"None":[172],"slots":[175],"touches":[176],"each":[177],"other":[178],"thus":[179],"ensuring":[180],"common":[182],"reference":[183],"while":[184],"maintaining":[185],"inter-element":[187],"isolation":[188],"better":[189],"than":[190],"15":[191],"dB.":[192],"demonstrated":[195],"maximum":[196],"minimum":[199],"efficiency":[200],"6.8":[202],"dBi":[203],"89%,":[205],"respectively":[206],"besides":[207],"attaining":[208],"10-dB":[210],"impedance":[211],"bandwidth":[212],"125.83%":[214],"(3.89-17.09":[215],"GHz)":[216],"envelope":[218],"correlation":[219],"coefficient":[220],"(ECC)":[221],"<":[222],"0.02.":[223],"Finally,":[224],"tested":[230],"terms":[232],"S":[234],"ECC":[237],"bending":[239],"conditions":[240],"along":[241],"X":[243],"Y":[245],"axis":[246],"followed":[247],"time-domain":[250],"analysis":[251],"exhibited":[253],"very":[254],"performance.":[256]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":41},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}