{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4226084339","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3169512","title":"Stop Oversampling for Class Imbalance Learning: A Review","display_name":"Stop Oversampling for Class Imbalance Learning: A Review","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4226084339","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3169512"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3169512","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3169512","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09761871.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09761871.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108121027","display_name":"Ahmad S. Tarawneh","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmad S. Tarawneh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Algorithms and Their Applications, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3555-8501","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Algorithms and Their Applications, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032563975","display_name":"Ahmad B. Hassanat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9991-304X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21173400","display_name":"Mutah University","ror":"https://ror.org/008g9ns82","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21173400"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmad B. Hassanat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Information Technology, Mutah University, Karak, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9991-304X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Technology, Mutah University, Karak, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21173400"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107962066","display_name":"Ahmad S. Tarawneh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21173400","display_name":"Mutah University","ror":"https://ror.org/008g9ns82","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21173400"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ghada Awad Altarawneh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Accounting, Mutah University, Karak, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Accounting, Mutah University, Karak, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21173400"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006566886","display_name":"Abdullah Almuhaimeed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1155-9382"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1284598098","display_name":"King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05tdz6m39","country_code":"SA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1284598098"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdullah Almuhaimeed","raw_affiliation_strings":["The National Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1155-9382","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The National Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1284598098"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":14.9566,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":146,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99269803,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"47643","last_page":"47660"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11652","display_name":"Imbalanced Data Classification Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11652","display_name":"Imbalanced Data Classification Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13429","display_name":"Electricity Theft Detection Techniques","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.9596999883651733,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oversampling","display_name":"Oversampling","score":0.995032548904419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.7167147397994995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.7058972716331482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6710319519042969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.6684269905090332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6413611769676208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.45827293395996094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.20194584131240845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.07828572392463684}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197323446","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331222","display_name":"Oversampling","level":3,"score":0.995032548904419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.7167147397994995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.7058972716331482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6710319519042969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.6684269905090332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6413611769676208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.45827293395996094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.20194584131240845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.07828572392463684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3169512","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3169512","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09761871.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:df1dd4c68367400fa1f286604f282cfb","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/df1dd4c68367400fa1f286604f282cfb","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 10, Pp 47643-47660 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3169512","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3169512","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09761871.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4226084339.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4226084339.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":196,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W123443654","https://openalex.org/W125763370","https://openalex.org/W127528661","https://openalex.org/W157007071","https://openalex.org/W175634338","https://openalex.org/W191726569","https://openalex.org/W795388544","https://openalex.org/W1496056137","https://openalex.org/W1503762774","https://openalex.org/W1596606208","https://openalex.org/W1597870463","https://openalex.org/W1627014668","https://openalex.org/W1965365402","https://openalex.org/W1967127231","https://openalex.org/W1970337045","https://openalex.org/W1970665788","https://openalex.org/W1982165141","https://openalex.org/W1983085975","https://openalex.org/W1989249186","https://openalex.org/W1993220166","https://openalex.org/W1997254720","https://openalex.org/W1999318832","https://openalex.org/W1999545127","https://openalex.org/W2009754619","https://openalex.org/W2010468965","https://openalex.org/W2015452969","https://openalex.org/W2020858209","https://openalex.org/W2026416313","https://openalex.org/W2027347092","https://openalex.org/W2028270701","https://openalex.org/W2028407490","https://openalex.org/W2040181375","https://openalex.org/W2046989940","https://openalex.org/W2056171202","https://openalex.org/W2058253284","https://openalex.org/W2058646532","https://openalex.org/W2058732827","https://openalex.org/W2059011034","https://openalex.org/W2071785112","https://openalex.org/W2073645537","https://openalex.org/W2085006623","https://openalex.org/W2087240369","https://openalex.org/W2099454382","https://openalex.org/W2104167780","https://openalex.org/W2104464993","https://openalex.org/W2104933073","https://openalex.org/W2107138773","https://openalex.org/W2109509105","https://openalex.org/W2117190680","https://openalex.org/W2123969444","https://openalex.org/W2124710650","https://openalex.org/W2126996952","https://openalex.org/W2132791018","https://openalex.org/W2139986471","https://openalex.org/W2146369703","https://openalex.org/W2148143831","https://openalex.org/W2150088099","https://openalex.org/W2150559772","https://openalex.org/W2151356078","https://openalex.org/W2163947777","https://openalex.org/W2167464971","https://openalex.org/W2171141701","https://openalex.org/W2185967890","https://openalex.org/W2188850503","https://openalex.org/W2197958301","https://openalex.org/W2200953330","https://openalex.org/W2205031943","https://openalex.org/W2295209199","https://openalex.org/W2297240532","https://openalex.org/W2323628915","https://openalex.org/W2333362108","https://openalex.org/W2354826874","https://openalex.org/W2490420619","https://openalex.org/W2505529886","https://openalex.org/W2515146973","https://openalex.org/W2518774129","https://openalex.org/W2528691049","https://openalex.org/W2535333834","https://openalex.org/W2543431748","https://openalex.org/W2548109252","https://openalex.org/W2554341567","https://openalex.org/W2562319768","https://openalex.org/W2581465409","https://openalex.org/W2598548966","https://openalex.org/W2600610494","https://openalex.org/W2601726217","https://openalex.org/W2610708900","https://openalex.org/W2611252858","https://openalex.org/W2613173840","https://openalex.org/W2754392476","https://openalex.org/W2754951028","https://openalex.org/W2761226408","https://openalex.org/W2766296277","https://openalex.org/W2772781956","https://openalex.org/W2774072613","https://openalex.org/W2779931100","https://openalex.org/W2783151797","https://openalex.org/W2794706336","https://openalex.org/W2799620499","https://openalex.org/W2801096891","https://openalex.org/W2803396742","https://openalex.org/W2807234253","https://openalex.org/W2883506667","https://openalex.org/W2889313982","https://openalex.org/W2890011953","https://openalex.org/W2896094731","https://openalex.org/W2896791469","https://openalex.org/W2898051438","https://openalex.org/W2900716719","https://openalex.org/W2901588231","https://openalex.org/W2901922404","https://openalex.org/W2903449363","https://openalex.org/W2905236149","https://openalex.org/W2909160770","https://openalex.org/W2912032477","https://openalex.org/W2913474130","https://openalex.org/W2914934645","https://openalex.org/W2943918184","https://openalex.org/W2952448206","https://openalex.org/W2953675148","https://openalex.org/W2954009356","https://openalex.org/W2955573982","https://openalex.org/W2962753999","https://openalex.org/W2963975066","https://openalex.org/W2964007882","https://openalex.org/W2966679659","https://openalex.org/W2969398210","https://openalex.org/W2969561635","https://openalex.org/W2969564441","https://openalex.org/W2969674096","https://openalex.org/W2979979633","https://openalex.org/W2989830337","https://openalex.org/W2990156823","https://openalex.org/W2992737045","https://openalex.org/W2992744256","https://openalex.org/W2994744180","https://openalex.org/W2994992990","https://openalex.org/W2996625456","https://openalex.org/W2998450079","https://openalex.org/W3008249145","https://openalex.org/W3008540096","https://openalex.org/W3013276295","https://openalex.org/W3022801073","https://openalex.org/W3026857941","https://openalex.org/W3081979983","https://openalex.org/W3082051559","https://openalex.org/W3082059448","https://openalex.org/W3090769163","https://openalex.org/W3091478069","https://openalex.org/W3092353401","https://openalex.org/W3094438681","https://openalex.org/W3097560591","https://openalex.org/W3098996042","https://openalex.org/W3100774601","https://openalex.org/W3108589888","https://openalex.org/W3116116488","https://openalex.org/W3116443081","https://openalex.org/W3116450406","https://openalex.org/W3119698209","https://openalex.org/W3120644841","https://openalex.org/W3120740533","https://openalex.org/W3121854814","https://openalex.org/W3124850036","https://openalex.org/W3138064939","https://openalex.org/W3144354315","https://openalex.org/W3150001676","https://openalex.org/W3153144672","https://openalex.org/W3154252594","https://openalex.org/W3157545352","https://openalex.org/W3161438045","https://openalex.org/W3163086467","https://openalex.org/W3174329573","https://openalex.org/W3175845646","https://openalex.org/W3183978973","https://openalex.org/W3191227036","https://openalex.org/W3205337617","https://openalex.org/W3210972850","https://openalex.org/W3215623385","https://openalex.org/W4205987535","https://openalex.org/W4206583062","https://openalex.org/W4242648443","https://openalex.org/W4243367342","https://openalex.org/W4245767920","https://openalex.org/W4293713156","https://openalex.org/W4294560305","https://openalex.org/W4393301322","https://openalex.org/W6603413705","https://openalex.org/W6680202767","https://openalex.org/W6726972653","https://openalex.org/W6727701770","https://openalex.org/W6737186021","https://openalex.org/W6744988032","https://openalex.org/W6770299245","https://openalex.org/W6782850880","https://openalex.org/W6788763059","https://openalex.org/W6863082409"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2766503024","https://openalex.org/W3196098778","https://openalex.org/W3211250490","https://openalex.org/W4360584310","https://openalex.org/W2953675148","https://openalex.org/W2981515171","https://openalex.org/W80466363","https://openalex.org/W2924282518","https://openalex.org/W3080872054","https://openalex.org/W2300921526"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"For":[0],"the":[1,11,28,32,65,73,96,101,137],"last":[2],"two":[3],"decades,":[4],"oversampling":[5,57,110,119,138,164,174,196],"has":[6],"been":[7,25],"employed":[8],"to":[9,20,50,72,133,184],"overcome":[10],"challenge":[12,23],"of":[13,109,127],"learning":[14,206],"from":[15,207],"imbalanced":[16,168,209],"datasets.":[17],"Many":[18],"approaches":[19,58],"solving":[21],"this":[22,113],"have":[24],"offered":[26],"in":[27,92,100,112,191,197,215],"literature.":[29],"Oversampling,":[30],"on":[31,42,82,123,141,151],"other":[33],"hand,":[34,192],"is":[35,59,98,203],"a":[36,62,77,80,106,117,125],"concern.":[37],"That":[38],"is,":[39],"models":[40],"trained":[41],"fictitious":[43],"data":[44,188,210],"may":[45,68,90],"fail":[46],"spectacularly":[47],"when":[48,95],"put":[49],"real-world":[51,169,216],"problems.":[52],"The":[53],"fundamental":[54],"difficulty":[55],"with":[56],"that,":[60],"given":[61],"real-life":[63],"population,":[64],"synthesized":[66],"samples":[67,84,179],"not":[69],"truly":[70],"belong":[71],"minority":[74,89,178],"class.":[75],"As":[76],"result,":[78],"training":[79],"classifier":[81],"these":[83,148],"while":[85],"pretending":[86],"they":[87],"represent":[88],"result":[91],"incorrect":[93],"predictions":[94],"model":[97],"used":[99],"real":[102],"world.":[103],"We":[104],"analyzed":[105],"large":[107],"number":[108,126],"methods":[111,149,165,175,190],"paper":[114],"and":[115,130,166,189,201,211],"devised":[116],"new":[118],"evaluation":[120,143],"system":[121],"based":[122,150],"hiding":[124],"majority":[128],"examples":[129,155],"comparing":[131],"them":[132],"those":[134],"generated":[135,154],"by":[136],"process.":[139],"Based":[140],"our":[142],"system,":[144],"we":[145,193],"ranked":[146],"all":[147,173],"their":[152],"incorrectly":[153],"for":[156,205],"comparison.":[157],"Our":[158],"experiments":[159],"using":[160],"more":[161],"than":[162],"70":[163],"nine":[167],"datasets":[170],"reveal":[171],"that":[172,180,195],"studied":[176],"generate":[177],"are":[181],"most":[182],"likely":[183],"be":[185,213],"majority.":[186],"Given":[187],"argue":[194],"its":[198],"current":[199],"forms":[200],"methodologies":[202],"unreliable":[204],"class":[208],"should":[212],"avoided":[214],"applications.":[217]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":51},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":41},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}