{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4225526682","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3167015","title":"Privacy-Preserving Fog Aggregation of Smart Grid Data Using Dynamic Differentially-Private Data Perturbation","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Fog Aggregation of Smart Grid Data Using Dynamic Differentially-Private Data Perturbation","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4225526682","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3167015"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3167015","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3167015","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09756499.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09756499.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066194301","display_name":"Fawaz Kserawi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6389-1344"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fawaz Kserawi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6389-1344","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000929945","display_name":"Saeed Mohd Al-Marri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0929-014X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saeed Al-Marri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0929-014X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028226990","display_name":"Qutaibah Malluhi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2849-0569"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qutaibah Malluhi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2849-0569","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5066194301"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":2.3608,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89958785,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"43159","last_page":"43174"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential-privacy","display_name":"Differential privacy","score":0.8424532413482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8213106393814087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-grid","display_name":"Smart grid","score":0.6229621171951294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-aggregator","display_name":"Data aggregator","score":0.612703263759613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-privacy","display_name":"Information privacy","score":0.5052655339241028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-computing","display_name":"Edge computing","score":0.45973312854766846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-meter","display_name":"Smart meter","score":0.4471476674079895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian-noise","display_name":"Gaussian noise","score":0.41761890053749084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.41129398345947266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3939122259616852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3855755031108856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.3829154372215271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.25155022740364075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.18944931030273438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.1716354787349701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.14090245962142944}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23130292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5275358","display_name":"Differential privacy","level":2,"score":0.8424532413482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8213106393814087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.6229621171951294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82578977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16773055","display_name":"Data aggregator","level":3,"score":0.612703263759613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.5052655339241028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.45973312854766846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779510800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1630602","display_name":"Smart meter","level":3,"score":0.4471476674079895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4199805","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2725903","display_name":"Gaussian noise","level":2,"score":0.41761890053749084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.41129398345947266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3939122259616852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3855755031108856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.3829154372215271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.25155022740364075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.18944931030273438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.1716354787349701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.14090245962142944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3167015","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3167015","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09756499.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ab296dc29c0a4b59b866e19b5bfbf87e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ab296dc29c0a4b59b866e19b5bfbf87e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 10, Pp 43159-43174 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/24056436","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:qspace.qu.edu.qa:10576/56751","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3167015","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400014","display_name":"Qatar University QSpace (Qatar University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","host_organization_name":"Qatar University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3167015","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3167015","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09756499.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.6600000262260437}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G196217107","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GSRA7-1-0517-20065","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332753","funder_display_name":"Qatar National Research Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8975444694","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NPRP12C-33905-SP-66","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332753","funder_display_name":"Qatar National Research Fund"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309815","display_name":"Qatar Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/01cawbq05"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321038","display_name":"Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/039z13y21"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332753","display_name":"Qatar National Research Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/01svaqq28"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334468","display_name":"Qatar National Library","ror":"https://ror.org/02jv93662"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4225526682.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4225526682.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W410025","https://openalex.org/W37636606","https://openalex.org/W889496518","https://openalex.org/W1546167911","https://openalex.org/W1557833142","https://openalex.org/W1656678770","https://openalex.org/W1873763122","https://openalex.org/W1925603120","https://openalex.org/W1952161176","https://openalex.org/W1979533182","https://openalex.org/W1997176470","https://openalex.org/W2000239500","https://openalex.org/W2011015937","https://openalex.org/W2027595342","https://openalex.org/W2038178117","https://openalex.org/W2048063069","https://openalex.org/W2055817410","https://openalex.org/W2086922415","https://openalex.org/W2104803737","https://openalex.org/W2131300413","https://openalex.org/W2135193968","https://openalex.org/W2156186849","https://openalex.org/W2158037536","https://openalex.org/W2160104570","https://openalex.org/W2232997092","https://openalex.org/W2463827344","https://openalex.org/W2605163979","https://openalex.org/W2613554997","https://openalex.org/W2620678361","https://openalex.org/W2724644807","https://openalex.org/W2786010450","https://openalex.org/W2801779015","https://openalex.org/W2869015012","https://openalex.org/W2913811025","https://openalex.org/W2922361312","https://openalex.org/W2943452876","https://openalex.org/W2948140566","https://openalex.org/W2962884037","https://openalex.org/W3026562433","https://openalex.org/W3119732849","https://openalex.org/W3131964749","https://openalex.org/W3175850585","https://openalex.org/W6601513663","https://openalex.org/W6712237015","https://openalex.org/W6995939766"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3038283795","https://openalex.org/W2604501336","https://openalex.org/W2558166297","https://openalex.org/W4283216089","https://openalex.org/W3001000335","https://openalex.org/W2969021942","https://openalex.org/W3175936016","https://openalex.org/W2907032592","https://openalex.org/W2905043201","https://openalex.org/W2914573678"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"edge":[1],"of":[2,10,43,61,83,135],"the":[3,37,41,47,64,76,84,131,156,191],"smart":[4,17,180],"grid":[5],"has":[6],"a":[7,100,111,150,168],"massive":[8],"number":[9],"power":[11,20],"and":[12,28,81,133,149,177,182],"resource-constrained":[13],"interconnected":[14],"devices.":[15,140],"Mainly,":[16],"meters":[18,181],"report":[19],"consumption":[21],"data":[22,48,55,105,123,136,172,184],"from":[23,110],"consumer":[24],"homes,":[25],"industrial":[26],"buildings,":[27],"other":[29,54],"connected":[30],"infrastructures.":[31],"Multiple":[32],"approaches":[33],"were":[34],"proposed":[35],"in":[36,63,159,171],"literature":[38,65],"to":[39,74,129,154,190],"preserve":[40],"privacy":[42,68,80],"consumers":[44],"by":[45,92,106,138,175],"altering":[46],"via":[49],"additive":[50,95],"noise,":[51],"masking,":[52],"or":[53],"obfuscation":[56],"techniques.":[57,97],"A":[58],"significant":[59],"body":[60],"work":[62],"employs":[66],"differential":[67],"methods":[69],"with":[70,125,146],"constraining":[71],"predefined":[72],"parameters":[73],"achieve":[75],"optimal":[77],"trade-off":[78],"between":[79],"utility":[82],"data.":[85,163],"However,":[86],"billing":[87,117],"accuracy":[88],"can":[89],"be":[90],"degraded":[91],"using":[93],"such":[94],"noise":[96,108],"We":[98,141],"propose":[99],"differentially-private":[101,144],"model":[102,120,145],"that":[103],"perturbs":[104],"adding":[107],"obtained":[109],"virtual":[112],"chargeable":[113],"battery,":[114],"while":[115],"maintaining":[116],"accuracy.":[118],"Our":[119,164],"utilizes":[121],"fog-computing":[122,183],"aggregation":[124],"lightweight":[126],"cryptographic":[127],"primitives":[128],"ensure":[130],"authenticity":[132],"confidentiality":[134],"generated":[137,161],"low-end":[139],"describe":[142],"our":[143],"flexible":[147],"constraints":[148],"dynamic":[151],"window":[152],"algorithm":[153],"maintain":[155],"privacy-budget":[157],"loss":[158],"infinitely":[160],"time-series":[162],"experimental":[165],"results":[166],"show":[167],"possible":[169],"decrease":[170],"perturbation":[173],"error":[174],"51.7%":[176],"61.2%":[178],"for":[179],"aggregators":[185],"perturbed":[186],"data,":[187],"respectively,":[188],"compared":[189],"commonly":[192],"used":[193],"Gaussian":[194],"mechanism.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}