{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4225900383","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3162877","title":"Variable Switching Frequency Control-Based Six-Step Operation Method of a Traction Inverter for Driving an Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for a Railroad Car","display_name":"Variable Switching Frequency Control-Based Six-Step Operation Method of a Traction Inverter for Driving an Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for a Railroad Car","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4225900383","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3162877"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3162877","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3162877","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09743899.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09743899.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100385859","display_name":"Jin\u2010Ho Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2766-9110"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jin-Ho Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Interdisciplinary Program in Photovoltaic System Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2766-9110","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Program in Photovoltaic System Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068353504","display_name":"Woong Jo","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Woong Jo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dawonsys Company Ltd., Anyang, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dawonsys Company Ltd., Anyang, South Korea","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075870534","display_name":"Eun-Tak Jeon","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eun-Tak Jeon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dawonsys Company Ltd., Anyang, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dawonsys Company Ltd., Anyang, South Korea","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100705929","display_name":"Sang-Hun Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4959-2097"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sang-Hun Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dawonsys Company Ltd., Anyang, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dawonsys Company Ltd., Anyang, South Korea","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100406188","display_name":"Changhee Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2800-8250"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chang-Hee Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dawonsys Company Ltd., Anyang, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dawonsys Company Ltd., Anyang, South Korea","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030133299","display_name":"Jung-Hyo Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8158-7944"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120158604","display_name":"Kunsan National University","ror":"https://ror.org/02yj55q56","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120158604"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161173","display_name":"Korea Railroad Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/04gzcxt97","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4210161173","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jung-Hyo Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Kunsan National University, Kunsan, South Korea","Korean Railroad Research Institute, Uiwang, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8158-7944","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Kunsan National University, Kunsan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120158604"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korean Railroad Research Institute, Uiwang, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161173"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103225132","display_name":"June-Hee Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0319-7158"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120158604","display_name":"Kunsan National University","ror":"https://ror.org/02yj55q56","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120158604"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161173","display_name":"Korea Railroad Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/04gzcxt97","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4210161173","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"June-Hee Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Kunsan National University, Kunsan, South Korea","Korean Railroad Research Institute, Uiwang, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0319-7158","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Kunsan National University, Kunsan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120158604"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korean Railroad Research Institute, Uiwang, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161173"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026986287","display_name":"Junsin Yi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6196-0035"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junsin Yi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6196-0035","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039928967","display_name":"Chung-Yuen Won","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1809-3052"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chung-Yuen Won","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1809-3052","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100385859"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.293,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78791794,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"33829","last_page":"33843"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10504","display_name":"Sensorless Control of Electric Motors","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11222","display_name":"Magnetic Properties and Applications","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse-width-modulation","display_name":"Pulse-width modulation","score":0.7095958590507507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverter","display_name":"Inverter","score":0.7069257497787476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traction","display_name":"Traction (geology)","score":0.6277616024017334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.6185324788093567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traction-motor","display_name":"Traction motor","score":0.5874277949333191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5187592506408691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.5065733194351196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.4811793267726898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4132588505744934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.25410008430480957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.21360984444618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.17764821648597717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1017782986164093}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92746544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q585184","display_name":"Pulse-width modulation","level":3,"score":0.7095958590507507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11190779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q664575","display_name":"Inverter","level":3,"score":0.7069257497787476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38834483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17000223","display_name":"Traction (geology)","level":2,"score":0.6277616024017334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.6185324788093567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136269787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1392476","display_name":"Traction motor","level":2,"score":0.5874277949333191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5187592506408691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.5065733194351196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.4811793267726898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4132588505744934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.25410008430480957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.21360984444618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.17764821648597717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1017782986164093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3162877","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3162877","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09743899.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e0d0dcccf43546c892a1ae3d01e63014","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e0d0dcccf43546c892a1ae3d01e63014","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 10, Pp 33829-33843 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3162877","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3162877","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09743899.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.7900000214576721}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3458103639","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"22RSCD-A160566-03","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322010","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7031053611","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"22RSCD-A160566-03","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324625","funder_display_name":"Korea Agency for Infrastructure Technology Advancement"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322010","display_name":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport","ror":"https://ror.org/04xt5aa77"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324625","display_name":"Korea Agency for Infrastructure Technology Advancement","ror":"https://ror.org/00rxf7n07"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4225900383.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4225900383.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965375740","https://openalex.org/W2010760220","https://openalex.org/W2013076402","https://openalex.org/W2015096303","https://openalex.org/W2050110133","https://openalex.org/W2104374620","https://openalex.org/W2124227376","https://openalex.org/W2140061840","https://openalex.org/W2152862941","https://openalex.org/W2154876238","https://openalex.org/W2169432780","https://openalex.org/W2173355771","https://openalex.org/W2247543909","https://openalex.org/W2313091782","https://openalex.org/W2344516118","https://openalex.org/W2400166302","https://openalex.org/W2401210825","https://openalex.org/W2561322222","https://openalex.org/W2594460116","https://openalex.org/W2601552368","https://openalex.org/W2610768618","https://openalex.org/W2730315811","https://openalex.org/W2740332803","https://openalex.org/W2789400049","https://openalex.org/W2810282536","https://openalex.org/W2896857554","https://openalex.org/W2902245489","https://openalex.org/W2906480646"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1977498879","https://openalex.org/W4233262433","https://openalex.org/W2076928487","https://openalex.org/W2383559070","https://openalex.org/W4377972159","https://openalex.org/W2091023700","https://openalex.org/W4255955294","https://openalex.org/W2520662741","https://openalex.org/W2375633537","https://openalex.org/W2766697266"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Most":[0],"railroad":[1,21,39,74,148],"cars":[2,22],"employ":[3],"a":[4,42,56,80,90],"natural":[5],"ventilation":[6],"cooling":[7],"method.":[8,105],"For":[9],"this":[10,52],"reason,":[11],"severe":[12],"problems":[13],"occur":[14],"in":[15,66,141],"the":[16,20,25,29,34,38,48,69,73,96,107,110,114,122,126,134,142,147,155,161,165],"control":[17,43,57,88,92,137],"devices":[18],"for":[19,37,59],"due":[23],"to":[24],"heat":[26],"generated":[27],"by":[28,160],"high-power":[30],"switching":[31,49,82,123],"loss.":[32,50],"Therefore,":[33],"traction":[35,127],"inverter":[36,128],"car":[40],"requires":[41],"method":[44,58,78,93,157],"that":[45,94],"can":[46,117,138],"reduce":[47],"In":[51],"paper,":[53],"we":[54],"propose":[55],"an":[60,102],"interior":[61],"permanent":[62],"magnet":[63],"synchronous":[64,84],"motor":[65],"consideration":[67],"of":[68,72,113,125,146,154],"driving":[70],"conditions":[71],"cars.":[75],"The":[76,150],"proposed":[77,108,156],"combines":[79],"variable":[81],"frequency-based":[83],"pulse":[85],"width":[86],"modulation":[87,99],"method,":[89,109],"flux-weakening":[91],"considers":[95],"maximum":[97],"voltage":[98,116],"index,":[100],"and":[101,133,152,164],"optimized":[103],"over-modulation":[104],"Through":[106],"utilization":[111],"rate":[112],"DC-link":[115],"be":[118,139],"maximized":[119],"while":[120],"lowering":[121],"frequency":[124],"as":[129,131],"much":[130],"possible,":[132],"high-performance":[135],"current":[136],"performed":[140],"entire":[143],"speed":[144],"region":[145],"car.":[149],"validity":[151],"effectiveness":[153],"are":[158],"verified":[159],"simulation":[162],"results":[163],"experimental":[166],"results.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
