{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4221130735","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3161392","title":"Longevity Foundation: Perspective on Decentralized Autonomous Organization for Special-Purpose Financing","display_name":"Longevity Foundation: Perspective on Decentralized Autonomous Organization for Special-Purpose Financing","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4221130735","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3161392"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3161392","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3161392","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09739690.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09739690.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108739748","display_name":"Evelyne Bischof","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9871-927X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Evelyne Bischof","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Center for Multimorbidity and Complexity in Medicine (ICMC), Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Center for Multimorbidity and Complexity in Medicine (ICMC), Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002659448","display_name":"Alex Botezatu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alex Botezatu","raw_affiliation_strings":["and in Medicine , , , and ,","Independent Researcher, Kyiv 03150, Ukraine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"and in Medicine , , , and ,","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Independent Researcher, Kyiv 03150, Ukraine","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083180669","display_name":"Sergey Jakimov","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91123046","display_name":"University of Latvia","ror":"https://ror.org/05g3mes96","country_code":"LV","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91123046"]}],"countries":["LV"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sergey Jakimov","raw_affiliation_strings":["LongeVC, Riga, Latvia","LongeVC, Riga LV-1013, Latvia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LongeVC, Riga, Latvia","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LongeVC, Riga LV-1013, Latvia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91123046"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091106558","display_name":"Ilya Suharenko","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91123046","display_name":"University of Latvia","ror":"https://ror.org/05g3mes96","country_code":"LV","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91123046"]}],"countries":["LV"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ilya Suharenko","raw_affiliation_strings":["LongeVC, Riga, Latvia","LongeVC, Riga LV-1013, Latvia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LongeVC, Riga, Latvia","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LongeVC, Riga LV-1013, Latvia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91123046"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067736227","display_name":"Alexey Ostrovski","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156878","display_name":"V.M. Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics","ror":"https://ror.org/05xmg2z40","country_code":"UA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149851306","https://openalex.org/I4210156878"]}],"countries":["UA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexey Ostrovski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Inductive Modeling and Control Methods, V. M. Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics, Kyiv, Ukraine","Department of inductive modeling and control methods, V.M. Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics, Kyiv 03187, Ukraine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Inductive Modeling and Control Methods, V. M. Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics, Kyiv, Ukraine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156878"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of inductive modeling and control methods, V.M. Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics, Kyiv 03187, Ukraine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156878"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049419648","display_name":"Andrey Verbitsky","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrey Verbitsky","raw_affiliation_strings":["and in Medicine , , , and ,","Independent researcher, Arlington, VA, 22201, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"and in Medicine , , , and ,","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Independent researcher, Arlington, VA, 22201, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020656981","display_name":"Yury Yanovich","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4651-7585"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125989756","display_name":"Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03f9nc143","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125989756"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yury Yanovich","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Computational and Data-Intensive Science and Engineering, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, Russia","Center for Computational and Data-Intensive Science and Engineering, Skolkovo Institute of Science and technology, Moscow 121205, Russia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4651-7585","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Computational and Data-Intensive Science and Engineering, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125989756"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Computational and Data-Intensive Science and Engineering, Skolkovo Institute of Science and technology, Moscow 121205, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125989756"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036742375","display_name":"Alex Zhavoronkov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7067-8966"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800906782","display_name":"Hong Kong Science and Technology Parks Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/05q8mqd91","country_code":"HK","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800906782"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alex Zhavoronkov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Deep Longevity, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Deep Longevity, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800906782"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072672948","display_name":"Garri Zmudze","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91123046","display_name":"University of Latvia","ror":"https://ror.org/05g3mes96","country_code":"LV","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91123046"]}],"countries":["LV"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Garri Zmudze","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Center for Multimorbidity and Complexity in Medicine (ICMC), Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland","LongeVC, Riga LV-1013, Latvia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Center for Multimorbidity and Complexity in Medicine (ICMC), Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LongeVC, Riga LV-1013, Latvia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91123046"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2075,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2075},"apc_paid":{"value":2075,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2075},"fwci":8.869,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97726946,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"33048","last_page":"33058"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11995","display_name":"FinTech, Crowdfunding, Digital Finance","score":0.9625999927520752,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11437","display_name":"Digital Platforms and Economics","score":0.9189000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foundation","display_name":"Foundation (evidence)","score":0.7389050126075745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.6089020371437073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corporate-governance","display_name":"Corporate governance","score":0.5226550102233887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/longevity","display_name":"Longevity","score":0.5063382387161255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.495173841714859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.4788486957550049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.39982447028160095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finance","display_name":"Finance","score":0.24066391587257385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.23137226700782776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.21969139575958252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.07605358958244324}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780966255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5474306","display_name":"Foundation (evidence)","level":2,"score":0.7389050126075745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.6089020371437073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.5226550102233887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776759703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1066907","display_name":"Longevity","level":2,"score":0.5063382387161255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.495173841714859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.4788486957550049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.39982447028160095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.24066391587257385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.23137226700782776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.21969139575958252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.07605358958244324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3161392","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3161392","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09739690.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4e7727e8a99e47ec946f187a4454682f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4e7727e8a99e47ec946f187a4454682f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 10, Pp 33048-33058 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3161392","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3161392","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09739690.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","score":0.4099999964237213,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4221130735.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4221130735.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":63,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W177078339","https://openalex.org/W195777219","https://openalex.org/W614059111","https://openalex.org/W655089096","https://openalex.org/W1499934958","https://openalex.org/W1512128027","https://openalex.org/W1541721712","https://openalex.org/W1561102380","https://openalex.org/W1681081938","https://openalex.org/W1923567744","https://openalex.org/W1964731418","https://openalex.org/W1973953784","https://openalex.org/W1997911919","https://openalex.org/W2056273964","https://openalex.org/W2065800536","https://openalex.org/W2083100616","https://openalex.org/W2088033275","https://openalex.org/W2156330066","https://openalex.org/W2182035090","https://openalex.org/W2482843284","https://openalex.org/W2525822195","https://openalex.org/W2604844934","https://openalex.org/W2730301322","https://openalex.org/W2805052744","https://openalex.org/W2885034081","https://openalex.org/W2898652659","https://openalex.org/W2899104296","https://openalex.org/W2907245318","https://openalex.org/W2917732241","https://openalex.org/W2937948289","https://openalex.org/W2945923169","https://openalex.org/W2970196897","https://openalex.org/W2970809537","https://openalex.org/W2972732491","https://openalex.org/W2982275082","https://openalex.org/W3022655122","https://openalex.org/W3029128488","https://openalex.org/W3034459010","https://openalex.org/W3041081377","https://openalex.org/W3046546941","https://openalex.org/W3084866769","https://openalex.org/W3089312380","https://openalex.org/W3094839250","https://openalex.org/W3098149161","https://openalex.org/W3105187050","https://openalex.org/W3108933497","https://openalex.org/W3114702471","https://openalex.org/W3121324858","https://openalex.org/W3135677055","https://openalex.org/W3158200125","https://openalex.org/W3158491411","https://openalex.org/W3161304054","https://openalex.org/W3168928150","https://openalex.org/W4231028562","https://openalex.org/W4242100720","https://openalex.org/W4246308938","https://openalex.org/W4248175462","https://openalex.org/W4254075082","https://openalex.org/W4289127653","https://openalex.org/W4300127641","https://openalex.org/W6702987607","https://openalex.org/W6741194189","https://openalex.org/W6753633712"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W4210406818","https://openalex.org/W4306779889","https://openalex.org/W3048554917","https://openalex.org/W3211706803","https://openalex.org/W4382775358","https://openalex.org/W4246942721","https://openalex.org/W3209862047","https://openalex.org/W4386732777","https://openalex.org/W4304136894"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Decentralized":[0],"autonomous":[1],"organizations":[2],"(DAO)":[3],"launched":[4],"on":[5],"a":[6,11,19,37,63,81,88,97],"blockchain":[7],"and":[8,93],"governed":[9],"by":[10],"smart":[12],"contract":[13],"promises":[14],"to":[15,18,41],"bring":[16],"self-organization":[17],"new":[20],"technological":[21],"level.":[22],"Crisis":[23],"management":[24],"has":[25],"no":[26],"standard":[27],"decentralized":[28],"solution":[29],"within":[30],"DAO":[31,54,65,70],"yet.":[32],"A":[33],"central":[34],"authority":[35],"is":[36],"natural":[38],"component":[39],"due":[40],"compliance":[42],"reasons":[43],"in":[44,51],"certain":[45],"domains,":[46],"for":[47,86,90],"example,":[48],"special-purpose":[49,91],"financing,":[50],"which":[52],"the":[53,101],"governance":[55],"model":[56,98],"could":[57,67],"be":[58],"reasonably":[59],"applied.":[60],"More":[61],"generally,":[62],"centralized":[64],"representative":[66],"streamline":[68],"implementing":[69],"decisions":[71],"that":[72],"involve":[73],"interactions":[74],"with":[75],"legacy":[76],"systems.":[77],"The":[78],"article":[79],"presents":[80],"perspective":[82],"of":[83,100],"modern":[84],"technologies":[85],"organizing":[87],"foundation":[89],"financing":[92],"considers":[94],"longevity":[95],"as":[96],"example":[99],"purpose.":[102]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}