{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4225996471","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3157635","title":"Feasibility Evaluation of Hybrid Electric Agricultural Tractors Based on Life Cycle Cost Analysis","display_name":"Feasibility Evaluation of Hybrid Electric Agricultural Tractors Based on Life Cycle Cost Analysis","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4225996471","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3157635"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3157635","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3157635","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09729864.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09729864.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028094003","display_name":"Matteo Beligoj","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9078-1386"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138689650","display_name":"University of Padua","ror":"https://ror.org/00240q980","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Matteo Beligoj","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padua, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padua, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002831813","display_name":"Elia Scolaro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7272-2780"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138689650","display_name":"University of Padua","ror":"https://ror.org/00240q980","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elia Scolaro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padua, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padua, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070288073","display_name":"Luigi Alberti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4900-9586"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138689650","display_name":"University of Padua","ror":"https://ror.org/00240q980","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luigi Alberti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padua, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padua, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012898871","display_name":"Massimiliano Renzi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2768-3692"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I171543936","display_name":"Free University of Bozen-Bolzano","ror":"https://ror.org/012ajp527","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I171543936"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Massimiliano Renzi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171543936"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045273588","display_name":"Michele Mattetti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2473-5250"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michele Mattetti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028094003"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":3.6822,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":48,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93581316,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"28853","last_page":"28867"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10808","display_name":"Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10808","display_name":"Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":0.9896000027656555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":0.9778000116348267,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agriculture","display_name":"Agriculture","score":0.5340873599052429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/life-cycle-costing","display_name":"Life cycle costing","score":0.4618619382381439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4398091435432434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-machinery","display_name":"Agricultural machinery","score":0.4227103590965271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/life-cycle-cost-analysis","display_name":"Life-cycle cost analysis","score":0.4169345796108246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.3365716338157654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.22889697551727295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.19002094864845276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-management","display_name":"Operations management","score":0.14970099925994873}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.5340873599052429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983040191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6545089","display_name":"Life cycle costing","level":2,"score":0.4618619382381439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4398091435432434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47136581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16000047","display_name":"Agricultural machinery","level":3,"score":0.4227103590965271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778580826","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6545089","display_name":"Life-cycle cost analysis","level":2,"score":0.4169345796108246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.3365716338157654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.22889697551727295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19002094864845276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.14970099925994873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":8,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3157635","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3157635","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09729864.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/907244","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11585/907244","pdf_url":"https://cris.unibo.it/bitstream/11585/907244/1/Feasibility%20Evaluation%20of%20Hybrid%20Electric%20Agricultural%20Tractors%20Based%20on%20Life%20Cycle%20Cost%20Analysis.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402579","display_name":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210117483","host_organization_name":"Istituto di Ematologia di Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:alma.39UBZ_INST:11292287760001241","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3157635","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197018","display_name":"View","issn_l":"2688-268X","issn":["2688-268X","2688-3988"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/880446","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11585/880446","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402579","display_name":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210117483","host_organization_name":"Istituto di Ematologia di Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:be5cbc0d15834031833b4d6cf556d6eb","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/be5cbc0d15834031833b4d6cf556d6eb","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 10, Pp 28853-28867 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:unibz.it:11292287760001241","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://bia.unibz.it/esploro/outputs/journalArticle/Feasibility-Evaluation-of-Hybrid-Electric-Agricultural/991006486194901241","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197018","display_name":"View","issn_l":"2688-268X","issn":["2688-268X","2688-3988"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.research.unipd.it:11577/3453302","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3453302","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196283","display_name":"Research Padua  Archive (University of Padua)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I138689650","host_organization_name":"University of Padua","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:142563","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.openaccessrepository.it/record/142563","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402478","display_name":"INFM-OAR (INFN Catania)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210116497","host_organization_name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Catania","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116497"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3157635","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3157635","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09729864.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","score":0.44999998807907104,"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1142464927","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017SW5MRC","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321873","funder_display_name":"Ministero dell\u2019Istruzione, dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321873","display_name":"Ministero dell\u2019Istruzione, dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","ror":"https://ror.org/0166hxq48"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334626","display_name":"Medical Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/03x94j517"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4225996471.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4225996471.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1511280993","https://openalex.org/W1971660066","https://openalex.org/W1978184029","https://openalex.org/W1998175077","https://openalex.org/W2004728652","https://openalex.org/W2004937137","https://openalex.org/W2005715530","https://openalex.org/W2014004983","https://openalex.org/W2023676173","https://openalex.org/W2077736783","https://openalex.org/W2093503576","https://openalex.org/W2126045200","https://openalex.org/W2141643015","https://openalex.org/W2154363361","https://openalex.org/W2332802619","https://openalex.org/W2344568817","https://openalex.org/W2416840246","https://openalex.org/W2589825160","https://openalex.org/W2607101862","https://openalex.org/W2618777251","https://openalex.org/W2752218151","https://openalex.org/W2891863038","https://openalex.org/W2903718359","https://openalex.org/W2967087528","https://openalex.org/W2967647558","https://openalex.org/W2971042922","https://openalex.org/W2973274383","https://openalex.org/W2982472577","https://openalex.org/W2989575101","https://openalex.org/W3014777202","https://openalex.org/W3020899535","https://openalex.org/W3034779303","https://openalex.org/W3086476549","https://openalex.org/W3108660728","https://openalex.org/W3113352065","https://openalex.org/W3114020018","https://openalex.org/W3137130641","https://openalex.org/W3211206215","https://openalex.org/W4205871059","https://openalex.org/W4249764577","https://openalex.org/W6737160494","https://openalex.org/W6803750350"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W643693953","https://openalex.org/W2365565389","https://openalex.org/W1499962840","https://openalex.org/W2094730650","https://openalex.org/W2377081873","https://openalex.org/W658646574","https://openalex.org/W817811603","https://openalex.org/W3023586280","https://openalex.org/W2297200350","https://openalex.org/W23516662"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,21,50,55,66,127],"method":[4,193],"to":[5,39,103,108,196],"evaluate":[6],"the":[7,24,137,139],"economic":[8],"feasibility":[9],"of":[10,87,129,175],"tractor":[11,60,71],"powertrain":[12,88,173],"electrification":[13,174],"based":[14],"on":[15],"life":[16,168],"cycle":[17,169],"cost":[18,117,141,170],"analysis.":[19],"For":[20],"parallel":[22],"hybrid,":[23],"best":[25],"combustion":[26],"engine":[27],"downsizing,":[28],"among":[29],"some":[30],"discrete":[31],"values,":[32],"was":[33,37,97],"evaluated.":[34],"The":[35,112,191],"methodology":[36],"applied":[38],"three":[40],"case":[41],"studies":[42],"with":[43,61,72],"different":[44],"power":[45],"levels":[46],"and":[47,65,77,91,93,107,131,150,159,166],"operating":[48,116,140],"cycles:":[49],"76":[51],"kW":[52,57,68],"orchard":[53,189],"tractor,":[54],"175":[56],"row":[58,69,146,151],"crop":[59,70,147,152],"medium":[62,148],"duty":[63,74],"use,":[64],"210":[67],"heavy":[73,153],"use.":[75],"Fuel":[76],"electrical":[78,94],"energy":[79,95,132],"consumption":[80],"were":[81],"estimated":[82],"through":[83],"simulation.":[84],"A":[85],"range":[86],"components":[89],"prices":[90,96,133],"fuel":[92],"taken":[98],"into":[99],"account,":[100],"in":[101,163],"order":[102],"cover":[104],"price":[105],"uncertainty":[106],"show":[109,114],"its":[110],"effects.":[111],"results":[113],"that":[115],"savings":[118],"decrease":[119],"when":[120],"more":[121],"power-intensive":[122],"operations":[123],"are":[124,155],"performed.":[125],"Considering":[126],"combination":[128],"system":[130],"deemed":[134],"realistic":[135],"by":[136],"authors,":[138],"savings,":[142],"respectively":[143],"for":[144,187,199],"orchard,":[145],"duty,":[149,154],"approximately":[156],"8%,":[157],"3%,":[158],"0.5%,":[160],"which":[161],"result":[162],"6%,":[164],"1%,":[165],"0.1%":[167],"savings.":[171],"Thus,":[172],"high-power":[176],"tractors":[177],"should":[178],"probably":[179],"be":[180,185,197],"avoided,":[181],"whereas":[182],"it":[183],"could":[184],"beneficial":[186],"specialized":[188],"tractors.":[190],"developed":[192],"has":[194],"proved":[195],"suitable":[198],"such":[200],"analyses.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-07T14:57:38.498316","created_date":"2022-05-05T00:00:00"}
