{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4211062662","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3150774","title":"Early Detection of Parkinson\u2019s Disease by Neural Network Models","display_name":"Early Detection of Parkinson\u2019s Disease by Neural Network Models","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4211062662","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3150774"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3150774","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3150774","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09709789.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09709789.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033369742","display_name":"Chin\u2010Hsien Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8566-7573"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131804","display_name":"National Taiwan University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03nteze27","country_code":"TW","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131804"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chin-Hsien Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8566-7573","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131804"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030489552","display_name":"Fu\u2010Cheng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5011-7934"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fu-Cheng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5011-7934","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104007366","display_name":"Tien-Yun Kuo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tien-Yun Kuo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101637849","display_name":"Po-Wei Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9415-3929"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Po-Wei Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003661682","display_name":"Szu\u2010Fu Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8398-883X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101378","display_name":"Cheng Hsin General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/014f77s28","country_code":"TW","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210101378"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68171755","display_name":"National Defense Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02bn97g32","country_code":"TW","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68171755"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Szu-Fu Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan","Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101378"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68171755"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101925654","display_name":"Li\u2010Chen Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6947-7646"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li-Chen Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science & Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6947-7646","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science & Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":6.4573,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":60,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97600574,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"19033","last_page":"19044"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10085","display_name":"Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10085","display_name":"Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10919","display_name":"Neurological disorders and treatments","score":0.9886000156402588,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10863","display_name":"Voice and Speech Disorders","score":0.9121000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6753457188606262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.537986159324646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parkinsons-disease","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","score":0.5372628569602966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease","display_name":"Disease","score":0.4320802390575409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3546709418296814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.19657757878303528}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6753457188606262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.537986159324646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779734285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11085","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","level":3,"score":0.5372628569602966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.4320802390575409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3546709418296814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.19657757878303528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3150774","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3150774","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09709789.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f9fa9c3a428240efa11a91879ce8b223","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f9fa9c3a428240efa11a91879ce8b223","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 10, Pp 19033-19044 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3150774","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3150774","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09709789.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.5600000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2205640134","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 109","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2552682601","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"108-2634-F-002-016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2652585860","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 107-2634-F-002-018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3012448087","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 108-2634-F-002-016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3862518167","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 109-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4162621379","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 107","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4202958531","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 107-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4814745615","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 109-2634-F-002-027","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5546145554","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 110-2634-F-002-042","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7235129596","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"109-2634-F-002-027","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G737106015","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 108-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7611460527","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"107-2634-F-002-018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G785880474","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"108-2634-F-002-016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323900","funder_display_name":"National Taiwan University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","ror":"https://ror.org/02kv4zf79"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323422","display_name":"National Taiwan University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03nteze27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323900","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4211062662.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4211062662.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1456961819","https://openalex.org/W1561072761","https://openalex.org/W1873332500","https://openalex.org/W1906985535","https://openalex.org/W1998182557","https://openalex.org/W2008560062","https://openalex.org/W2021278861","https://openalex.org/W2063024868","https://openalex.org/W2073123537","https://openalex.org/W2086495399","https://openalex.org/W2106350754","https://openalex.org/W2122365325","https://openalex.org/W2284160029","https://openalex.org/W2328592187","https://openalex.org/W2341126336","https://openalex.org/W2495975894","https://openalex.org/W2604019843","https://openalex.org/W2735939755","https://openalex.org/W2766367589","https://openalex.org/W2791752902","https://openalex.org/W2793602707","https://openalex.org/W2808555472","https://openalex.org/W2915047394","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2921974788","https://openalex.org/W2923463496","https://openalex.org/W2934539873","https://openalex.org/W2951467890","https://openalex.org/W2969915343","https://openalex.org/W2981665155","https://openalex.org/W2992186472","https://openalex.org/W3004815729","https://openalex.org/W3026272888","https://openalex.org/W3035035250","https://openalex.org/W3035112927","https://openalex.org/W3119661211","https://openalex.org/W3126813237","https://openalex.org/W3128939245","https://openalex.org/W3130935255","https://openalex.org/W3163126732","https://openalex.org/W3209810373","https://openalex.org/W4287643567","https://openalex.org/W6602002561","https://openalex.org/W6639175750","https://openalex.org/W6696100683","https://openalex.org/W6760883498"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W3134596587","https://openalex.org/W3216329096","https://openalex.org/W2416973532","https://openalex.org/W3116665257"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"develops":[2],"neural":[3,123,171],"network":[4,124,172],"models":[5,125,173,191,217],"that":[6,22,55,126,174],"can":[7],"recognize":[8],"Parkinson\u2019s":[9],"disease":[10,146,243],"(PD)":[11],"at":[12,231],"its":[13],"early":[14,240],"stage.":[15],"PD":[16,48,77,106,142,180,197],"is":[17,67,102],"a":[18,75,97],"common":[19],"neurodegenerative":[20],"disorder":[21],"presents":[23],"with":[24,144,178,181,195,202,248],"progressive":[25,82],"slow":[26],"movement,":[27],"tremor,":[28],"limb":[29],"rigidity,":[30],"and":[31,43,99,148,153,242],"gait":[32,83,107],"alterations,":[33],"including":[34],"stooped":[35],"posture,":[36],"shuffling":[37],"steps,":[38],"festination,":[39],"freezing":[40],"of":[41,47,52,61,111,117,185,205,210,222],"gait,":[42],"falling.":[44],"Early":[45],"detection":[46],"enables":[49],"timely":[50],"initiation":[51],"therapeutic":[53],"management":[54],"decreases":[56],"morbidity.":[57],"However,":[58],"correct":[59],"recognition":[60],"PD,":[62],"especially":[63],"in":[64,187,246],"early-stage":[65,196],"disease,":[66],"challenging":[68],"because":[69],"the":[70,112,129,215,219],"aging":[71],"population,":[72],"which":[73],"has":[74],"high":[76],"prevalence,":[78],"also":[79,192],"commonly":[80],"exhibits":[81],"slowness":[84],"due":[85],"to":[86,121,135,169,213],"other":[87],"disorders,":[88],"such":[89],"as":[90,227,229],"joint":[91],"osteoarthritis":[92],"or":[93],"sarcopenia.":[94],"Therefore,":[95],"developing":[96],"reliable":[98],"objective":[100],"method":[101],"crucial":[103],"for":[104,239],"differentiating":[105],"characteristics":[108],"from":[109,198,224],"those":[110],"normal":[113,199],"elderly.":[114],"The":[115,164,190],"aim":[116],"this":[118],"study":[119],"was":[120],"develop":[122,170],"could":[127,175],"use":[128],"participants\u2019":[130],"motion":[131],"data":[132,166],"during":[133],"walking":[134],"identify":[136,176],"PD.":[137,249],"We":[138],"recruited":[139,212],"32":[140],"drug-na\u00efve":[141],"patients":[143,177,194,230,247],"variable":[145],"severity":[147,233,244],"16":[149],"age/sex-matched":[150],"healthy":[151,225],"controls,":[152],"we":[154],"measured":[155],"their":[156],"motions":[157],"using":[158],"inertial":[159],"measurement":[160],"unit":[161],"(IMU)":[162],"sensors.":[163],"IMU":[165],"were":[167],"used":[168],"advanced-stage":[179],"an":[182,203],"average":[183],"accuracy":[184,204],"92.72%":[186],"validation":[188],"processes.":[189],"differentiated":[193],"elderly":[200],"subjects":[201],"99.67%.":[206],"Another":[207],"independent":[208],"group":[209],"participants":[211],"test":[214],"developed":[216],"confirmed":[218],"successful":[220],"discrimination":[221],"PD-affected":[223],"elderly,":[226],"well":[228],"different":[232],"stages.":[234],"Our":[235],"results":[236],"provide":[237],"support":[238],"diagnosis":[241],"monitoring":[245]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-16T13:24:37.021932","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}