{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4210794564","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3146405","title":"Adversarial Machine Learning in Text Processing: A Literature Survey","display_name":"Adversarial Machine Learning in Text Processing: A Literature Survey","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4210794564","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3146405"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3146405","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3146405","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09693527.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09693527.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075965221","display_name":"Izzat Alsmadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7832-5081"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Izzat Alsmadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing and Cyber Security, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7832-5081","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing and Cyber Security, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068738723","display_name":"Nura Aljaafari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8049-1425"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4626487","display_name":"King Faisal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00dn43547","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nura Aljaafari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8049-1425","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066904836","display_name":"Mahmoud Nazzal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3375-0310"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118118575","display_name":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05e74xb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahmoud Nazzal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Newark College of Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3375-0310","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Newark College of Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013437106","display_name":"Shadan Alhamed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4836-6437"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4626487","display_name":"King Faisal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00dn43547","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shadan Alhamed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017180654","display_name":"Ahmad Sawalmeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7040-8963"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118590987","display_name":"Northern Border University","ror":"https://ror.org/03j9tzj20","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118590987"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmad H. Sawalmeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia","Remote Sensing Unit, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7040-8963","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118590987"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Unit, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118590987"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033820817","display_name":"Conrado P. Vizcarra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3990-9038"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4626487","display_name":"King Faisal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00dn43547","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Conrado P. Vizcarra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3990-9038","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062119199","display_name":"Abdallah Khreishah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1583-713X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118118575","display_name":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05e74xb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdallah Khreishah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Newark College of Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1583-713X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Newark College of Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083182384","display_name":"Muhammad Anan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9479-4985"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134359838","display_name":"Alfaisal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cdrtq48","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134359838"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Anan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Software Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9479-4985","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134359838"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081145748","display_name":"Abdulelah Algosaibi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7680-4265"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4626487","display_name":"King Faisal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00dn43547","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdulelah Algosaibi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049995499","display_name":"Mohammed Al-Naeem","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5682-6237"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4626487","display_name":"King Faisal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00dn43547","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed Abdulaziz Al-Naeem","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Networks and Communications, College of Computer Sciences and Information Technology, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5682-6237","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Networks and Communications, College of Computer Sciences and Information Technology, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082711598","display_name":"Adel Aldalbahi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1903-0480"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4626487","display_name":"King Faisal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00dn43547","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adel Aldalbahi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1903-0480","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042394003","display_name":"Abdulaziz Alhumam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7778-2838"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4626487","display_name":"King Faisal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00dn43547","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdulaziz Al-Humam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7778-2838","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":12,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075965221"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":4.3051,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94777897,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"17043","last_page":"17077"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9886000156402588,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":0.978600025177002,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.8121533989906311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.800237774848938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7921078205108643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.7387222647666931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/text-processing","display_name":"Text processing","score":0.5663281679153442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5173041820526123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/text-generation","display_name":"Text generation","score":0.48341262340545654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-machine-learning","display_name":"Adversarial machine learning","score":0.4789581596851349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word-embedding","display_name":"Word embedding","score":0.4705904722213745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.4325748085975647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4148217737674713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.3246026635169983}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.8121533989906311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.800237774848938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7921078205108643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.7387222647666931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779500292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14802672","display_name":"Text processing","level":2,"score":0.5663281679153442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5173041820526123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985684807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1513879","display_name":"Text generation","level":2,"score":0.48341262340545654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778403875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20312394","display_name":"Adversarial machine learning","level":3,"score":0.4789581596851349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777462759","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18395344","display_name":"Word embedding","level":3,"score":0.4705904722213745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.4325748085975647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4148217737674713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.3246026635169983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3146405","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3146405","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09693527.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire/b87308ed-beba-4c40-abbc-728fe8d8858b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.manchester.ac.uk/en/publications/b87308ed-beba-4c40-abbc-728fe8d8858b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400662","display_name":"Research Explorer (The University of Manchester)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","host_organization_name":"University of Manchester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Aljaafari, N 2022, 'Adversarial Machine Learning in Text Processing: A Literature Survey', IEEE Access, vol. 10, pp. 17043-17077. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3146405","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:60d9e5aa17c44df3b5a96ff3de5082df","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/60d9e5aa17c44df3b5a96ff3de5082df","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 10, Pp 17043-17077 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3146405","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3146405","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09693527.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8399999737739563}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4210794564.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4210794564.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":178,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W140368079","https://openalex.org/W1797268635","https://openalex.org/W1937442440","https://openalex.org/W1979816283","https://openalex.org/W1984067647","https://openalex.org/W1988720110","https://openalex.org/W2016589492","https://openalex.org/W2028995298","https://openalex.org/W2035032881","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2101105183","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2115221470","https://openalex.org/W2118373646","https://openalex.org/W2125838338","https://openalex.org/W2125908420","https://openalex.org/W2136922672","https://openalex.org/W2159573465","https://openalex.org/W2180612164","https://openalex.org/W2543927648","https://openalex.org/W2549835527","https://openalex.org/W2561658355","https://openalex.org/W2587019100","https://openalex.org/W2598692538","https://openalex.org/W2611669587","https://openalex.org/W2739046565","https://openalex.org/W2742947407","https://openalex.org/W2752337926","https://openalex.org/W2765811365","https://openalex.org/W2774644650","https://openalex.org/W2778624544","https://openalex.org/W2786744843","https://openalex.org/W2789142637","https://openalex.org/W2792593939","https://openalex.org/W2799184518","https://openalex.org/W2883233582","https://openalex.org/W2885971409","https://openalex.org/W2889009749","https://openalex.org/W2891828758","https://openalex.org/W2915977493","https://openalex.org/W2919358988","https://openalex.org/W2930586974","https://openalex.org/W2940154139","https://openalex.org/W2945222541","https://openalex.org/W2949549712","https://openalex.org/W2952649152","https://openalex.org/W2962710014","https://openalex.org/W2962718684","https://openalex.org/W2962872506","https://openalex.org/W2962928968","https://openalex.org/W2962934837","https://openalex.org/W2963083752","https://openalex.org/W2963122961","https://openalex.org/W2963248348","https://openalex.org/W2963456134","https://openalex.org/W2963523627","https://openalex.org/W2963544700","https://openalex.org/W2963559013","https://openalex.org/W2963592583","https://openalex.org/W2963823140","https://openalex.org/W2963857521","https://openalex.org/W2963969878","https://openalex.org/W2964010755","https://openalex.org/W2964054038","https://openalex.org/W2964268978","https://openalex.org/W2964335437","https://openalex.org/W2970084653","https://openalex.org/W2970307457","https://openalex.org/W2970449623","https://openalex.org/W2982054702","https://openalex.org/W2997434469","https://openalex.org/W2997532515","https://openalex.org/W2998277219","https://openalex.org/W3004298045","https://openalex.org/W3034490784","https://openalex.org/W3087967927","https://openalex.org/W3092288641","https://openalex.org/W3096831136","https://openalex.org/W3100788005","https://openalex.org/W3111093879","https://openalex.org/W3115091907","https://openalex.org/W3118608800","https://openalex.org/W3153202096","https://openalex.org/W3154332159","https://openalex.org/W3165906701","https://openalex.org/W3169893475","https://openalex.org/W4251326898","https://openalex.org/W6601546654","https://openalex.org/W6607974698","https://openalex.org/W6621543089","https://openalex.org/W6621906925","https://openalex.org/W6635590879","https://openalex.org/W6636634512","https://openalex.org/W6637162671","https://openalex.org/W6638319203","https://openalex.org/W6638444622","https://openalex.org/W6639432524","https://openalex.org/W6640425456","https://openalex.org/W6640842352","https://openalex.org/W6640955601","https://openalex.org/W6640963894","https://openalex.org/W6677580257","https://openalex.org/W6678262379","https://openalex.org/W6679434410","https://openalex.org/W6679436768","https://openalex.org/W6682631176","https://openalex.org/W6683204974","https://openalex.org/W6685322675","https://openalex.org/W6687768286","https://openalex.org/W6692563993","https://openalex.org/W6718379498","https://openalex.org/W6722524744","https://openalex.org/W6728610325","https://openalex.org/W6729448088","https://openalex.org/W6729756640","https://openalex.org/W6730047919","https://openalex.org/W6730091202","https://openalex.org/W6730161283","https://openalex.org/W6730559633","https://openalex.org/W6731128057","https://openalex.org/W6733081445","https://openalex.org/W6734215269","https://openalex.org/W6734351891","https://openalex.org/W6737220129","https://openalex.org/W6738090124","https://openalex.org/W6738960736","https://openalex.org/W6739073796","https://openalex.org/W6739349799","https://openalex.org/W6739868092","https://openalex.org/W6739901393","https://openalex.org/W6741121127","https://openalex.org/W6742102919","https://openalex.org/W6743668032","https://openalex.org/W6745245109","https://openalex.org/W6746402973","https://openalex.org/W6746565239","https://openalex.org/W6747826347","https://openalex.org/W6747920752","https://openalex.org/W6748311976","https://openalex.org/W6748708250","https://openalex.org/W6748711285","https://openalex.org/W6748965907","https://openalex.org/W6749581667","https://openalex.org/W6750628419","https://openalex.org/W6750707585","https://openalex.org/W6752203662","https://openalex.org/W6752675014","https://openalex.org/W6752876022","https://openalex.org/W6754830176","https://openalex.org/W6755038706","https://openalex.org/W6755290650","https://openalex.org/W6755488519","https://openalex.org/W6756577899","https://openalex.org/W6757930882","https://openalex.org/W6757992745","https://openalex.org/W6758358578","https://openalex.org/W6758508162","https://openalex.org/W6758684365","https://openalex.org/W6761100157","https://openalex.org/W6762749081","https://openalex.org/W6762775584","https://openalex.org/W6765767330","https://openalex.org/W6765779288","https://openalex.org/W6766530665","https://openalex.org/W6767537894","https://openalex.org/W6771809012","https://openalex.org/W6771840438","https://openalex.org/W6773944720","https://openalex.org/W6777224036","https://openalex.org/W6779516119","https://openalex.org/W6780782928","https://openalex.org/W6787396906","https://openalex.org/W6787813691","https://openalex.org/W6787972765","https://openalex.org/W6796886420","https://openalex.org/W6801334074","https://openalex.org/W6912282855","https://openalex.org/W7008827999"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3048732067","https://openalex.org/W4383468834","https://openalex.org/W4384648009","https://openalex.org/W4303645823","https://openalex.org/W4285263558","https://openalex.org/W2900159906","https://openalex.org/W4287828318","https://openalex.org/W2406556600","https://openalex.org/W4283221438","https://openalex.org/W2899811703"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Machine":[0],"learning":[1,30,66,74,147],"algorithms":[2,31,148],"represent":[3],"the":[4,96,132,135],"intelligence":[5],"that":[6,121,257,274],"controls":[7],"many":[8,33],"information":[9],"systems":[10],"and":[11,79,112,116,137,144,171,236,269,277,293,302],"applications":[12,80,123,143],"around":[13],"us.":[14],"As":[15],"such,":[16],"they":[17],"are":[18,81,173],"targeted":[19,300],"by":[20,28],"attackers":[21],"to":[22,50,129,151,194,201,206,221,304],"impact":[23],"their":[24,145],"decisions.":[25],"Text":[26],"created":[27],"machine":[29,65,73,146,166,308],"has":[32],"types":[34,298],"of":[35,38,95,124,139,175,267,299],"applications,":[36],"some":[37,94],"which":[39],"can":[40,86],"be":[41,207],"considered":[42],"malicious":[43,102],"especially":[44],"if":[45],"there":[46],"is":[47],"an":[48,158],"intention":[49],"present":[51],"machine-generated":[52],"text":[53,68,77,105,113,125,195,204,244],"as":[54,122,153,188],"human-generated.":[55],"In":[56,190,243],"this":[57],"paper,":[58],"we":[59],"surveyed":[60],"major":[61],"subjects":[62],"in":[63,75,131,161,165,209],"adversarial":[64,72,110],"for":[67,225,232],"processing":[69],"applications.":[70],"Unlike":[71],"images,":[76],"problems":[78],"heterogeneous.":[82],"Thus,":[83],"each":[84],"problem":[85],"have":[87],"its":[88],"own":[89],"challenges.":[90],"We":[91],"focused":[92],"on":[93,141],"evolving":[97],"research":[98,247,265,286],"areas":[99],"such":[100],"as:":[101],"versus":[103,307],"genuine":[104],"generation":[106,114,126,196,245],"metrics,":[107,246],"defense":[108,290],"against":[109],"attacks,":[111,301],"models":[115,164,170,180,187,273],"algorithms.":[117,294],"Our":[118],"study":[119],"showed":[120,199,216,249,263],"will":[127,149,230],"continue":[128,150],"grow":[130,152],"near":[133],"future,":[134],"type":[136],"nature":[138],"attacks":[140],"those":[142,176],"well.":[154,189],"Literature":[155,215,262],"survey":[156],"indicated":[157],"increasing":[159],"trend":[160,192],"using":[162,218],"pre-trained":[163,177,186],"learning.":[167],"Word/sentence":[168],"embedding":[169],"transformers":[172],"examples":[174],"models.":[178],"Adversarial":[179],"may":[181,258],"utilize":[182],"same":[183],"or":[184,253],"similar":[185],"another":[191],"related":[193],"models,":[197],"literature":[198],"effort":[200],"develop":[202],"universal":[203],"perturbations":[205],"used":[208],"both":[210],"black-and":[211],"white-box":[212],"attack":[213],"settings.":[214],"also":[217,264],"conditional":[219],"GANs":[220],"create":[222],"latent":[223],"representation":[224],"writing":[226,241],"types.":[227],"This":[228],"usage":[229],"allow":[231],"a":[233],"seamless":[234],"lexical":[235],"grammatical":[237],"transition":[238],"between":[239],"various":[240],"styles.":[242],"trends":[248,266],"developing":[250,270],"successful":[251],"automated":[252],"semi-automated":[254],"assessment":[255],"metrics":[256],"include":[259],"human":[260,306],"judgement.":[261],"designing":[268],"new":[271],"memory":[272,278],"increase":[275],"performance":[276],"utilization":[279],"efficiency":[280],"without":[281],"validating":[282],"real-time":[283],"constraints.":[284],"Many":[285],"efforts":[287],"evaluate":[288],"different":[289,297],"model":[291],"approaches":[292],"Researchers":[295],"evaluated":[296],"methods":[303],"distinguish":[305],"generated":[309],"text.":[310]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2022-02-08T00:00:00"}
