{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4210608406","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3146395","title":"PUStackNGly: Positive-Unlabeled and Stacking Learning for N-Linked Glycosylation Site Prediction","display_name":"PUStackNGly: Positive-Unlabeled and Stacking Learning for N-Linked Glycosylation Site Prediction","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4210608406","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3146395"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3146395","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3146395","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3146395","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005657807","display_name":"Alhasan Alkuhlani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0725-9923"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107720978","display_name":"Ain Shams University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cb9w016","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170535673","display_name":"Sana'a University","ror":"https://ror.org/04hcvaf32","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170535673"]}],"countries":["EG","YE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alhasan Alkuhlani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer and Information Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt","Faculty of Computer and Information Technology, Sana\u2019a University, Sana\u2019a, Yemen","Faculty of Computer and Information Technology, Sana’a University, Sana’a, Yemen","ORCiD"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0725-9923","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer and Information Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer and Information Technology, Sana\u2019a University, Sana\u2019a, Yemen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170535673"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer and Information Technology, Sana’a University, Sana’a, Yemen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170535673"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ORCiD","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033458445","display_name":"Walaa Gad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7816-3518"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107720978","display_name":"Ain Shams University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cb9w016","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Walaa Gad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer and Information Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt","ORCiD"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7816-3518","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer and Information Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ORCiD","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034587442","display_name":"Mohamed Roushdy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9655-3229"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186217134","display_name":"Future University in Egypt","ror":"https://ror.org/03s8c2x09","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186217134"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Roushdy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computers and Information Technology, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computers and Information Technology, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186217134"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026682729","display_name":"Abdel\u2010Badeeh M. Salem","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0268-6539"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107720978","display_name":"Ain Shams University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cb9w016","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdel-Badeeh M. Salem","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer and Information Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer and Information Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.254,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77884012,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"12702","last_page":"12713"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12254","display_name":"Machine Learning in Bioinformatics","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12254","display_name":"Machine Learning in Bioinformatics","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10602","display_name":"Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10015","display_name":"Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.8039184212684631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7883974313735962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6850131154060364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.6718116998672485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.6562177538871765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-learning","display_name":"Ensemble learning","score":0.5726662874221802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glycosylation","display_name":"Glycosylation","score":0.5113422274589539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.42952096462249756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.1294902265071869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biochemistry","display_name":"Biochemistry","score":0.06737402081489563}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.8039184212684631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7883974313735962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6850131154060364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.6718116998672485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.6562177538871765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45942800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245652","display_name":"Ensemble learning","level":2,"score":0.5726662874221802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777313579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898365","display_name":"Glycosylation","level":2,"score":0.5113422274589539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.42952096462249756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.1294902265071869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.06737402081489563}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3146395","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3146395","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:200802b4bc774f3fbb3c67295ae46014","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/200802b4bc774f3fbb3c67295ae46014","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 10, Pp 12702-12713 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2022.3146395","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3146395","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.5,"display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1821507858","https://openalex.org/W1982267716","https://openalex.org/W2014509414","https://openalex.org/W2042084565","https://openalex.org/W2050871273","https://openalex.org/W2063768466","https://openalex.org/W2066507577","https://openalex.org/W2076746539","https://openalex.org/W2079074163","https://openalex.org/W2088456241","https://openalex.org/W2101234009","https://openalex.org/W2103525038","https://openalex.org/W2107815233","https://openalex.org/W2118293752","https://openalex.org/W2137255856","https://openalex.org/W2142529984","https://openalex.org/W2143210482","https://openalex.org/W2147863530","https://openalex.org/W2154053567","https://openalex.org/W2158714788","https://openalex.org/W2165250079","https://openalex.org/W2170747616","https://openalex.org/W2295598076","https://openalex.org/W2492513888","https://openalex.org/W2513786151","https://openalex.org/W2528774686","https://openalex.org/W2552933951","https://openalex.org/W2739999456","https://openalex.org/W2744385871","https://openalex.org/W2780936345","https://openalex.org/W2793168264","https://openalex.org/W2809563660","https://openalex.org/W2887433936","https://openalex.org/W2893923824","https://openalex.org/W2900362095","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2921654911","https://openalex.org/W2922210059","https://openalex.org/W2939599083","https://openalex.org/W2948484546","https://openalex.org/W2955612236","https://openalex.org/W2971851828","https://openalex.org/W2984076969","https://openalex.org/W3026512653","https://openalex.org/W3032445823","https://openalex.org/W3084256198","https://openalex.org/W3112814715","https://openalex.org/W3120137197","https://openalex.org/W3163557518","https://openalex.org/W3173250552","https://openalex.org/W4213345021","https://openalex.org/W4238530616","https://openalex.org/W4239510810","https://openalex.org/W6675354045"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4200112873","https://openalex.org/W2955796858","https://openalex.org/W4224941037","https://openalex.org/W2004826645","https://openalex.org/W3135818052","https://openalex.org/W2944292463","https://openalex.org/W3014252901","https://openalex.org/W4376643315","https://openalex.org/W4324137541","https://openalex.org/W2188759683"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"N-linked":[0,50,88,205],"glycosylation":[1,51,70,81,89,206],"is":[2,23,29,123,165],"one":[3],"of":[4,20,62,69],"the":[5,15,21,26,58,66,80,104,127,139,144,199,203],"most":[6,32,128],"common":[7],"protein":[8,22],"post-translation":[9],"modifications":[10],"(PTMs)":[11],"in":[12,31],"humans":[13],"where":[14],"Asparagine":[16],"(N)":[17],"amino":[18],"acid":[19],"attached":[24],"to":[25,56,65,78,125,194],"glycan.":[27],"It":[28],"involved":[30],"biological":[33],"processes":[34],"and":[35,46,60,97,109,130,159,178,225],"associated":[36],"with":[37,213],"various":[38],"human":[39],"diseases":[40],"as":[41],"diabetes,":[42],"cancer,":[43],"coronavirus,":[44],"influenza,":[45],"Alzheimer\u2019s.":[47],"Accordingly,":[48],"identifying":[49],"sites":[52],"will":[53],"be":[54],"beneficial":[55],"understanding":[57],"system":[59],"mechanism":[61],"glycosylation.":[63],"Due":[64],"experimental":[67],"challenges":[68],"site":[71],"identification,":[72],"machine":[73,100],"learning":[74,96,101,137,150,164,196],"becomes":[75],"very":[76],"important":[77],"predict":[79],"sites.":[82],"This":[83],"paper":[84],"proposes":[85],"a":[86,189],"novel":[87],"predictor":[90],"based":[91],"on":[92,209],"bagging":[93,135],"positive-unlabeled":[94],"(PU)":[95],"stacking":[98,162],"ensemble":[99,134,163],"(PUStackNGly).":[102],"In":[103],"proposed":[105,200],"PUStackNGly,":[106],"comprehensive":[107],"sequence":[108],"structural-based":[110],"features":[111],"are":[112],"extracted":[113],"using":[114,147,167],"different":[115],"feature":[116,121],"extraction":[117],"descriptors.":[118],"Then,":[119,161],"ensemble-based":[120],"selection":[122],"employed":[124],"select":[126],"significant":[129],"stable":[131],"features.":[132],"The":[133,182],"PU":[136],"selects":[138],"reliable":[140],"negative":[141],"samples":[142,146],"from":[143],"unlabeled":[145],"four":[148,168],"supervised":[149,195],"methods":[151],"(support":[152],"vector":[153,180],"machines,":[154],"random":[155,176],"forest,":[156,177],"logistic":[157,171],"regression,":[158,172],"XGBoost).":[160],"applied":[166],"base":[169],"classifiers:":[170],"artificial":[173],"neural":[174],"networks,":[175],"support":[179],"machine.":[181],"experiments":[183],"results":[184],"show":[185],"that":[186],"PUStackNGly":[187],"has":[188],"promising":[190],"predicting":[191],"performance":[192],"compared":[193],"methods.":[197],"Furthermore,":[198],"PUStackNgly":[201],"outperforms":[202],"existing":[204],"prediction":[207],"tools":[208],"an":[210],"independent":[211],"dataset":[212],"95.11%":[214],"accuracy,":[215],"100%":[216],"recall":[217],"80.7%":[218],"precision,":[219],"89.32%":[220],"F1":[221],"score,":[222],"96.93%":[223],"AUC,":[224],"0.87":[226],"MCC.":[227]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-27T08:26:11.824852","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}