{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4205857740","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3138910","title":"Fuzzy-PID Strategy Based on PSO Optimization for pH Control in Water and Fertilizer Integration","display_name":"Fuzzy-PID Strategy Based on PSO Optimization for pH Control in Water and Fertilizer Integration","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4205857740","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3138910"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3138910","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3138910","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09663357.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09663357.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003928266","display_name":"Changxin Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8834-397X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102208913","display_name":"Shihezi University","ror":"https://ror.org/04x0kvm78","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102208913"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changxin Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China","College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shihezi University. (e-mail: fcx623623@163.com)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8834-397X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102208913"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shihezi University. (e-mail: fcx623623@163.com)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102208913"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101814109","display_name":"Xiao Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1833-7205"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102208913","display_name":"Shihezi University","ror":"https://ror.org/04x0kvm78","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102208913"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102208913"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100427808","display_name":"Lixin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8367-6935"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102208913","display_name":"Shihezi University","ror":"https://ror.org/04x0kvm78","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102208913"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lixin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China","College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shihezi University and Industrial Technology Research Institute,XPCC,Shihezi,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102208913"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shihezi University and Industrial Technology Research Institute,XPCC,Shihezi,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102208913"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102208913"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":4.0299,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93317683,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"4471","last_page":"4482"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12093","display_name":"Greenhouse Technology and Climate Control","score":0.9732999801635742,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12093","display_name":"Greenhouse Technology and Climate Control","score":0.9732999801635742,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11978","display_name":"Soil Mechanics and Vehicle Dynamics","score":0.9678999781608582,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11404","display_name":"Irrigation Practices and Water Management","score":0.9412000179290771,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.763920783996582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pid-controller","display_name":"PID controller","score":0.6527692079544067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.6448132991790771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overshoot","display_name":"Overshoot (microwave communication)","score":0.6145612001419067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matlab","display_name":"MATLAB","score":0.4944002628326416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.49028804898262024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential-evolution","display_name":"Differential evolution","score":0.42390745878219604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","score":0.42251697182655334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-control-system","display_name":"Fuzzy control system","score":0.41429567337036133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.39672285318374634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.3555803894996643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.29934796690940857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.260969340801239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2436637282371521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20063307881355286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature-control","display_name":"Temperature control","score":0.15889835357666016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.12415099143981934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1023830771446228}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.763920783996582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47116090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q716829","display_name":"PID controller","level":3,"score":0.6527692079544067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.6448132991790771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780323453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113957","display_name":"Overshoot (microwave communication)","level":2,"score":0.6145612001419067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780365114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169478","display_name":"MATLAB","level":2,"score":0.4944002628326416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49028804898262024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74750220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2662197","display_name":"Differential evolution","level":2,"score":0.42390745878219604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.42251697182655334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195975749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1475705","display_name":"Fuzzy control system","level":3,"score":0.41429567337036133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.39672285318374634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.3555803894996643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.29934796690940857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.260969340801239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2436637282371521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20063307881355286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C536315585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7698332","display_name":"Temperature control","level":2,"score":0.15889835357666016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.12415099143981934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1023830771446228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3138910","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3138910","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09663357.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4bd9f3a4f85741ff9ce861fd22a2ba6a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4bd9f3a4f85741ff9ce861fd22a2ba6a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 10, Pp 4471-4482 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3138910","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3138910","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09663357.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":0.699999988079071,"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3703965034","display_name":"\u9762\u5411\u68c9\u82b1\u819c\u4e0b\u6ef4\u704c\u6c34\u80a5\u5747\u5300\u6027\u7684\u65bd\u80a5\u6324\u538b\u9a71\u52a8\u673a\u6784\u4f18\u5316\u4e0e\u6c34\u80a5\u8109\u52a8\u6027\u63a7\u5236\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"52065055","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4205857740.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4205857740.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1739481297","https://openalex.org/W1969433200","https://openalex.org/W2030201564","https://openalex.org/W2053114336","https://openalex.org/W2094036242","https://openalex.org/W2138095622","https://openalex.org/W2143347634","https://openalex.org/W2165892259","https://openalex.org/W2189285254","https://openalex.org/W2332038338","https://openalex.org/W2463479602","https://openalex.org/W2517540453","https://openalex.org/W2749210301","https://openalex.org/W2884351228","https://openalex.org/W2957096490","https://openalex.org/W2963421450","https://openalex.org/W2999927008","https://openalex.org/W3035818878","https://openalex.org/W3082301672","https://openalex.org/W3083940038","https://openalex.org/W3088037111","https://openalex.org/W3090000279","https://openalex.org/W3128126482","https://openalex.org/W3133357558","https://openalex.org/W3135230187","https://openalex.org/W3155824097","https://openalex.org/W3156134774","https://openalex.org/W3156525018","https://openalex.org/W3175489599","https://openalex.org/W3198795781","https://openalex.org/W6686870476"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4293868274","https://openalex.org/W2147480136","https://openalex.org/W2153629532","https://openalex.org/W2393592727","https://openalex.org/W4386412075","https://openalex.org/W2698567378","https://openalex.org/W2368034024","https://openalex.org/W4389515241","https://openalex.org/W2810278913","https://openalex.org/W2110981444"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"the":[1,22,27,31,34,44,47,56,94,109,130,139,172,182,205,212,235,244],"process":[2],"of":[3,13,36,50,102,111,129,243],"crop":[4],"growth,":[5],"irrational":[6],"fertilizer":[7,14,90,103,155],"application":[8,156],"methods":[9],"have":[10],"caused":[11],"waste":[12],"resources":[15],"and":[16,52,68,89,106,108,226],"water,":[17,107],"as":[18,20,60],"well":[19],"damaged":[21],"soil\u2019s":[23],"structure.":[24],"To":[25],"puzzle":[26],"above":[28],"problems":[29],"out,":[30],"research":[32,95,162,195],"constructs":[33],"model":[35,67],"water-fertilizer":[37],"machine":[38],"by":[39,136,176],"gathering":[40],"relevant":[41],"parameters":[42,110],"in":[43,84,153,171,181,193,204,215],"field.":[45,207],"Considering":[46],"system\u2019s":[48,173],"plenty":[49],"defects":[51],"combining":[53],"it":[54],"with":[55,138,234],"MATLAB/simulink":[57],"system,":[58],"such":[59],"non-linearity,":[61],"time-varying,":[62],"large":[63],"inertia,":[64],"uncertain":[65],"mathematical":[66],"severe":[69],"lag,":[70],"a":[71,123],"fuzzy":[72,112,146],"proportional":[73,113,147],"integral":[74,114,143,148],"differential":[75,115,144,149],"control":[76,101,140,188,213,242],"based":[77],"on":[78],"particle":[79,124,178],"swarm":[80,125,179],"optimization":[81],"is":[82,96],"proposed":[83],"this":[85,161,194,216],"paper":[86,217],"for":[87,98,160],"water":[88],"integration":[91,104],"system.":[92,185,246],"Primarily,":[93],"done":[97],"precision":[99],"fertilization":[100],"system":[105],"gain":[116],"that":[117,211],"schedules":[118],"controllers":[119],"are":[120,163,190],"optimized":[121],"through":[122,165,200],"algorithm.":[126],"The":[127,208],"effectiveness":[128],"suggested":[131],"controller":[132],"has":[133],"been":[134],"validated":[135,192],"comparing":[137],"algorithms":[141,189],"(proportional":[142],"control,":[145],"control)":[150],"commonly":[151],"applied":[152],"current":[154],"systems.":[157],"Simulation":[158],"experiments":[159],"devised":[164],"MATLAB/Simulink":[166],"simulation":[167],"platform.":[168],"Significant":[169],"improvement":[170],"tuning":[174],"capabilities":[175],"incorporating":[177],"algorithm":[180,214],"hysteretic":[183],"non-linear":[184],"Eventually,":[186],"four":[187],"experimentally":[191],"at":[196],"different":[197],"pH":[198],"values":[199],"Experiments":[201],"\u010d\u00e1re":[202],"designed":[203],"experimental":[206],"outcomes":[209],"demonstrate":[210],"possesses":[218],"better":[219],"regulation":[220],"effect,":[221],"smaller":[222],"overshoot,":[223],"excellent":[224],"stability":[225],"more":[227],"inadequate":[228],"rising":[229],"steady":[230],"state":[231],"time":[232],"compared":[233],"previous":[236],"controls,":[237],"which":[238],"can":[239],"enables":[240],"precise":[241],"fertiliser":[245]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
