{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4206245409","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3137799","title":"Assessing Transparency in eGovernment Electronic Processes","display_name":"Assessing Transparency in eGovernment Electronic Processes","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4206245409","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3137799"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3137799","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3137799","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09661370.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09661370.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057746158","display_name":"Jorge Hochstetter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8494-8100"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11944219","display_name":"Universidad de La Frontera","ror":"https://ror.org/04v0snf24","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11944219"]}],"countries":["CL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jorge Hochstetter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Informatics, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8494-8100","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Informatics, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11944219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005030880","display_name":"Jaime D\u00edaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1286-3244"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11944219","display_name":"Universidad de La Frontera","ror":"https://ror.org/04v0snf24","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11944219"]}],"countries":["CL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaime Diaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Informatics, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1286-3244","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Informatics, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11944219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015379074","display_name":"Mauricio Di\u00e9guez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8728-7101"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11944219","display_name":"Universidad de La Frontera","ror":"https://ror.org/04v0snf24","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11944219"]}],"countries":["CL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mauricio Dieguez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Informatics, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8728-7101","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Informatics, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11944219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068097526","display_name":"Roberto Espinosa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7875-4951"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185652977","display_name":"University of Tarapac\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/04xe01d27","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185652977"]}],"countries":["CL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roberto Espinosa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad de Tarapac\u00e1, Arica, Chile"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad de Tarapac\u00e1, Arica, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185652977"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071563278","display_name":"Jeferson Arango\u2010L\u00f3pez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8072-9130"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152456871","display_name":"University of Caldas","ror":"https://ror.org/049n68p64","country_code":"CO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152456871"]}],"countries":["CO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeferson Arango","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems and Informatics, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8072-9130","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems and Informatics, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152456871"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048704879","display_name":"Carlos Cares","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5690-7451"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11944219","display_name":"Universidad de La Frontera","ror":"https://ror.org/04v0snf24","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11944219"]}],"countries":["CL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carlos Cares","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Informatics, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Informatics, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11944219"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":9.1701,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97639338,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"3074","last_page":"3087"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10953","display_name":"E-Government and Public Services","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10953","display_name":"E-Government and Public Services","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9664999842643738,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11995","display_name":"FinTech, Crowdfunding, Digital Finance","score":0.946399986743927,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transparency","display_name":"Transparency (behavior)","score":0.7253067493438721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5130330324172974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accounting","display_name":"Accounting","score":0.32821691036224365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.25276392698287964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.23388934135437012}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780233690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535347","display_name":"Transparency (behavior)","level":2,"score":0.7253067493438721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5130330324172974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.32821691036224365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.25276392698287964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.23388934135437012}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3137799","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3137799","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09661370.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c67b55752a9f45578572f646aea95d96","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c67b55752a9f45578572f646aea95d96","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 10, Pp 3074-3087 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3137799","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3137799","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09661370.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.8199999928474426}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8147984084","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DI21-0016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323505","funder_display_name":"Universidad de La Frontera"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323505","display_name":"Universidad de La Frontera","ror":"https://ror.org/04v0snf24"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4214443","https://openalex.org/W1479997837","https://openalex.org/W1497197084","https://openalex.org/W1966340945","https://openalex.org/W1967199425","https://openalex.org/W1968218690","https://openalex.org/W1968637023","https://openalex.org/W1999798506","https://openalex.org/W2013420323","https://openalex.org/W2019850071","https://openalex.org/W2027600959","https://openalex.org/W2044733189","https://openalex.org/W2053803662","https://openalex.org/W2066876188","https://openalex.org/W2083960138","https://openalex.org/W2101241669","https://openalex.org/W2138980717","https://openalex.org/W2146555875","https://openalex.org/W2516979090","https://openalex.org/W2560096264","https://openalex.org/W2590761753","https://openalex.org/W2735234923","https://openalex.org/W2755671913","https://openalex.org/W2758716228","https://openalex.org/W2790826174","https://openalex.org/W2791427880","https://openalex.org/W2801222254","https://openalex.org/W2811455890","https://openalex.org/W2886443472","https://openalex.org/W2897106284","https://openalex.org/W2899307493","https://openalex.org/W2903334449","https://openalex.org/W2904352582","https://openalex.org/W2917600600","https://openalex.org/W2939413830","https://openalex.org/W2943656353","https://openalex.org/W2945376007","https://openalex.org/W2967037639","https://openalex.org/W2969328049","https://openalex.org/W3038229444","https://openalex.org/W3082872661","https://openalex.org/W3138894477","https://openalex.org/W3212978907","https://openalex.org/W4205897673","https://openalex.org/W4206037471","https://openalex.org/W6734007066","https://openalex.org/W6752670219","https://openalex.org/W6762466759","https://openalex.org/W7046787361"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4382930947","https://openalex.org/W3081288631","https://openalex.org/W3152382318","https://openalex.org/W3004686567","https://openalex.org/W2738656338","https://openalex.org/W2603787370","https://openalex.org/W2555400967","https://openalex.org/W3214759741"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Context.":[0],"The":[1,22],"electronic":[2,219,297],"government":[3,126,223],"has":[4],"become":[5],"a":[6,35,88,105,191,239,244,273,287],"trend":[7],"for":[8,24,44,79,142,162,203,293],"transforming":[9],"public":[10,25,37,80,169,195],"management":[11,47],"to":[12,91,111,150,225,237,261],"comply":[13],"with":[14,125,156],"the":[15,69,93,99,113,116,139,143,164,182,188,212,216,234,255,278,285],"performance":[16],"of":[17,34,53,96,115,166,184,190,201,215,218,233,257],"an":[18,31,57,75,290],"efficient,":[19],"modern":[20],"state.":[21,71],"processes":[23,252],"procurement":[26,81,205],"and":[27,82,128,145,253,270],"personnel":[28,83,129],"recruitment":[29,84],"represent":[30],"essential":[32,291],"fraction":[33],"country\u2019s":[36],"spending.":[38],"Objective.":[39],"Maturity":[40],"models":[41],"are":[42],"tools":[43],"assessing":[45],"different":[46,229,266],"dimensions":[48],"resulting":[49],"in":[50,98,168,175,194,228,264,276,284,296],"some":[51],"level":[52],"organizational":[54],"maturity":[55,77,213],"on":[56,87],"ordinal":[58],"scale":[59],"which":[60],"can":[61,159],"show":[62,135],"null,":[63],"partial,":[64],"or":[65,246,259],"total":[66],"progress":[67],"towards":[68],"desired":[70],"This":[72,179],"paper":[73],"presents":[74],"e-government":[76],"model":[78,108,288],"processes,":[85],"based":[86],"literature":[89],"review":[90],"determine":[92],"current":[94],"state":[95],"research":[97],"field.":[100],"Methodology.":[101],"We":[102,197],"have":[103,122],"used":[104,221],"known":[106],"procedural":[107],"from":[109],"Becker":[110],"support":[112],"design":[114],"proposed":[117],"model.":[118],"Later":[119],"on,":[120],"we":[121],"tested":[123],"it":[124],"buyers":[127],"recruiters.":[130],"Findings.":[131],"These":[132,209],"initial":[133],"results":[134],"that":[136,186,249],"users":[137],"understand":[138],"questionnaires":[140],"designed":[141],"study,":[144],"their":[146,176],"answers":[147],"allow":[148],"us":[149],"obtain":[151],"deep":[152],"validation.":[153],"A":[154],"tool":[155],"these":[157],"characteristics":[158],"be":[160,226,262],"handy":[161],"measuring":[163],"degree":[165],"transparency":[167,189,202,217,241,258,295],"entities,":[170],"thus":[171],"reducing":[172],"corruption":[173,260],"levels":[174,200,214,256],"processes.":[177],"Conclusion.":[178],"proposal":[180],"describes":[181],"complexity":[183],"variables":[185],"influence":[187],"socio-technical":[192],"process":[193],"tenders.":[196],"describe":[198],"five":[199],"software":[204],"through":[206],"development":[207],"projects.":[208],"classifications":[210],"enable":[211],"procedures":[220],"by":[222],"agencies":[224],"measured":[227,263],"dimensions.":[230],"Implications.":[231],"One":[232],"crucial":[235,274],"challenges":[236],"increasing":[238],"government\u2019s":[240],"is":[242,289],"defining":[243],"regulatory":[245],"legal":[247],"framework":[248],"regulates":[250],"its":[251,265],"allows":[254],"departments.":[267],"Thus":[268],"instruments":[269],"metrics":[271],"play":[272],"role":[275],"monitoring":[277],"expected":[279],"change.":[280],"With":[281],"direct":[282],"application":[283],"industry,":[286],"step":[292],"fundamental":[294],"governments.":[298]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}