{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4205193734","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3133299","title":"Development of a Low-Cost Modular Structure Fault Tolerant Field Excited Flux Switching Linear Machine for Urban Rail Transit","display_name":"Development of a Low-Cost Modular Structure Fault Tolerant Field Excited Flux Switching Linear Machine for Urban Rail Transit","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4205193734","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3133299"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3133299","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3133299","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09638666.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09638666.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090416809","display_name":"Shahid Hussain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3773-166X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16076960","display_name":"COMSATS University Islamabad","ror":"https://ror.org/00nqqvk19","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131573596","display_name":"Abbottabad University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0549hdw45","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131573596"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shahid Hussain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3773-166X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16076960","https://openalex.org/I3131573596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037217269","display_name":"Faisal Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5031-6121"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16076960","display_name":"COMSATS University Islamabad","ror":"https://ror.org/00nqqvk19","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131573596","display_name":"Abbottabad University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0549hdw45","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131573596"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Faisal Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5031-6121","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16076960","https://openalex.org/I3131573596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006416645","display_name":"Wasiq Ullah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9585-708X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16076960","display_name":"COMSATS University Islamabad","ror":"https://ror.org/00nqqvk19","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131573596","display_name":"Abbottabad University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0549hdw45","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131573596"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wasiq Ullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9585-708X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16076960","https://openalex.org/I3131573596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077224621","display_name":"Basharat Ullah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8201-602X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16076960","display_name":"COMSATS University Islamabad","ror":"https://ror.org/00nqqvk19","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131573596","display_name":"Abbottabad University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0549hdw45","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131573596"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Basharat Ullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8201-602X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16076960","https://openalex.org/I3131573596"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061300247","display_name":"Bakhtiar Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0290-501X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16076960","display_name":"COMSATS University Islamabad","ror":"https://ror.org/00nqqvk19","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131573596","display_name":"Abbottabad University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0549hdw45","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131573596"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bakhtiar Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0290-501X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16076960","https://openalex.org/I3131573596"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2075,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2075},"apc_paid":{"value":2075,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2075},"fwci":0.647,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65844247,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"165854","last_page":"165864"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11602","display_name":"Magnetic Bearings and Levitation Dynamics","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11222","display_name":"Magnetic Properties and Applications","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.7418397068977356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thrust","display_name":"Thrust","score":0.7139832973480225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stator","display_name":"Stator","score":0.6089749336242676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5741487741470337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoupling","display_name":"Decoupling (probability)","score":0.5509476065635681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.5163218379020691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finite-element-method","display_name":"Finite element method","score":0.506679117679596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.366549015045166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.28982672095298767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.254590779542923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.2381976842880249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.1636616289615631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.1265023946762085}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.7418397068977356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79420006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q533668","display_name":"Thrust","level":2,"score":0.7139832973480225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776529397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190312","display_name":"Stator","level":2,"score":0.6089749336242676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5741487741470337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205606062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5249645","display_name":"Decoupling (probability)","level":2,"score":0.5509476065635681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.5163218379020691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135628077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220184","display_name":"Finite element method","level":2,"score":0.506679117679596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.366549015045166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.28982672095298767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.254590779542923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2381976842880249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.1636616289615631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1265023946762085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3133299","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3133299","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09638666.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:120dc3849bd54b91bd38182dcad04d7e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/120dc3849bd54b91bd38182dcad04d7e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 165854-165864 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3133299","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3133299","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09638666.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.8199999928474426,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1762390054","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"TDF - 03 - 067/R&D/HEC/2019","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322799","funder_display_name":"Higher Education Commission, Pakistan"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322799","display_name":"Higher Education Commission, Pakistan","ror":"https://ror.org/038y3sz68"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4205193734.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4205193734.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1530315748","https://openalex.org/W1961743956","https://openalex.org/W1968607244","https://openalex.org/W1969154195","https://openalex.org/W1978702662","https://openalex.org/W2002191726","https://openalex.org/W2055478391","https://openalex.org/W2055978835","https://openalex.org/W2057609201","https://openalex.org/W2083405787","https://openalex.org/W2085020227","https://openalex.org/W2096002980","https://openalex.org/W2098561900","https://openalex.org/W2103902048","https://openalex.org/W2122694233","https://openalex.org/W2124114273","https://openalex.org/W2133521394","https://openalex.org/W2146947363","https://openalex.org/W2160474615","https://openalex.org/W2165649830","https://openalex.org/W2246621933","https://openalex.org/W2333602261","https://openalex.org/W2385183057","https://openalex.org/W2736549562","https://openalex.org/W2789676616","https://openalex.org/W2793674832","https://openalex.org/W2888824234","https://openalex.org/W2898203708","https://openalex.org/W2910049100","https://openalex.org/W2910700237","https://openalex.org/W2947878219","https://openalex.org/W2965115843","https://openalex.org/W2966100586","https://openalex.org/W2999205312","https://openalex.org/W3081229849","https://openalex.org/W3082856888","https://openalex.org/W3197520225","https://openalex.org/W6631597260","https://openalex.org/W6651132327","https://openalex.org/W6664928053"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W623794290","https://openalex.org/W2372255233","https://openalex.org/W2361693169","https://openalex.org/W2130828945","https://openalex.org/W2360961134","https://openalex.org/W2943302342","https://openalex.org/W2350949866","https://openalex.org/W2325040020","https://openalex.org/W2039525340","https://openalex.org/W1960586125"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"double":[3],"sided":[4],"complementary":[5,45],"modular":[6,46,94],"field":[7],"excited":[8],"flux":[9,20,53],"switching":[10],"linear":[11,43],"machine":[12,63,76,119],"(FEFSLM).":[13],"FEFSLM":[14],"offers":[15],"the":[16,36,60,71,75,79,93,97,104,118,122,137],"low":[17],"cost,":[18],"variable":[19],"capability":[21],"for":[22,35],"a":[23,27],"wide":[24],"speed":[25],"range,":[26],"compact":[28],"and":[29,51,55,62,77,133],"robust":[30],"stator":[31],"which":[32],"is":[33,66,90,114],"suitable":[34],"long":[37],"stroke":[38],"application.":[39],"Compared":[40],"to":[41,102,116],"other":[42],"machines":[44],"design":[47,95,124],"has":[48],"more":[49],"sinusoidal":[50],"symmetrical":[52],"linkage":[54],"lower":[56,129],"detent":[57],"force.":[58],"Initially,":[59],"topology":[61],"working":[64],"principle":[65],"thoroughly":[67],"discussed.":[68],"To":[69],"maximize":[70],"thrust":[72,127,130],"force":[73,131],"of":[74,86,99],"optimize":[78],"geometric":[80],"parameters,":[81],"built-in":[82],"genetic":[83],"algorithm":[84],"(GA)":[85],"JMAG":[87],"ver.":[88],"20":[89],"utilized.":[91],"Furthermore,":[92],"incorporates":[96],"concept":[98],"fault-tolerant":[100],"capabilities":[101],"provide":[103],"required":[105],"decoupling":[106],"between":[107],"phases.":[108],"2D":[109],"finite":[110],"element":[111],"analysis":[112],"(FEA)":[113],"used":[115],"analyze":[117],"performance.":[120],"Comparatively":[121],"optimized":[123],"exhibits":[125],"higher":[126,134],"force,":[128],"ripples":[132],"efficiency":[135],"than":[136],"initial":[138],"design.":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
