{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3217549023","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3128942","title":"Pulmonary Nodule Detection Based on Faster R-CNN With Adaptive Anchor Box","display_name":"Pulmonary Nodule Detection Based on Faster R-CNN With Adaptive Anchor Box","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3217549023","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3128942","mag":"3217549023"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3128942","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3128942","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09619980.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09619980.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101799384","display_name":"Chi Cuong Nguyen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9228-7966"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70349855","display_name":"Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02wsd5p50","country_code":"VN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70349855"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94518387","display_name":"Hanoi University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nyv3z04","country_code":"VN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94518387"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chi Cuong Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["ICTLab, University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9228-7966","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ICTLab, University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94518387","https://openalex.org/I70349855"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053869498","display_name":"Giang Son Tran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7140-6882"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70349855","display_name":"Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02wsd5p50","country_code":"VN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70349855"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94518387","display_name":"Hanoi University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nyv3z04","country_code":"VN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94518387"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giang Son Tran","raw_affiliation_strings":["ICTLab, University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7140-6882","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ICTLab, University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94518387","https://openalex.org/I70349855"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021356367","display_name":"V\u0103n Thi Nguy\u1ec5n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8054-3704"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138746","display_name":"Vietnam National Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04qqcs583","country_code":"VN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210138746"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Van Thi Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138746"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090283473","display_name":"Jean-Christophe Burie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7323-2855"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78744979","display_name":"La Rochelle Universit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv1z119","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78744979"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jean-Christophe Burie","raw_affiliation_strings":["L3i Laboratory, La Rochelle University, La Rochelle, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7323-2855","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"L3i Laboratory, La Rochelle University, La Rochelle, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78744979"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071932911","display_name":"Thi Phuong Nghiem","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4475-6195"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70349855","display_name":"Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02wsd5p50","country_code":"VN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70349855"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94518387","display_name":"Hanoi University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nyv3z04","country_code":"VN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94518387"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thi Phuong Nghiem","raw_affiliation_strings":["ICTLab, University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam. (e-mail: nghiem-thi.phuong@usth.edu.vn)","ICTLab, University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4475-6195","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ICTLab, University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam. (e-mail: nghiem-thi.phuong@usth.edu.vn)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94518387","https://openalex.org/I70349855"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ICTLab, University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94518387","https://openalex.org/I70349855"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":4.8119,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96100379,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"154740","last_page":"154751"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10202","display_name":"Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10202","display_name":"Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11775","display_name":"COVID-19 diagnosis using AI","score":0.9876999855041504,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11667","display_name":"Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies","score":0.921999990940094,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/false-positive-paradox","display_name":"False positive paradox","score":0.8600157499313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8217962980270386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.7465469837188721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6884066462516785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.667404055595398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.6310453414916992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nodule","display_name":"Nodule (geology)","score":0.6287719011306763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual","display_name":"Residual","score":0.6174198389053345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.5488057136535645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-truth","display_name":"Ground truth","score":0.5217981338500977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.5079174637794495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/false-positive-rate","display_name":"False positive rate","score":0.45247331261634827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.43198758363723755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.17471784353256226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08917966485023499}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64869954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1859747","display_name":"False positive paradox","level":2,"score":0.8600157499313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8217962980270386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.7465469837188721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6884066462516785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.667404055595398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.6310453414916992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776731575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2916245","display_name":"Nodule (geology)","level":2,"score":0.6287719011306763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.6174198389053345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.5488057136535645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146849305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370766","display_name":"Ground truth","level":2,"score":0.5217981338500977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.5079174637794495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95922358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5432725","display_name":"False positive rate","level":2,"score":0.45247331261634827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.43198758363723755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.17471784353256226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08917966485023499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3128942","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3128942","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09619980.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2f1d402462bb4f639d64987fa105086c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2f1d402462bb4f639d64987fa105086c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 9, Pp 154740-154751 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2021.3128942","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3128942","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09619980.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.5400000214576721}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325430","display_name":"Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/030xwyx96"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3217549023.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3217549023.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1986649315","https://openalex.org/W2018060680","https://openalex.org/W2022686119","https://openalex.org/W2067191022","https://openalex.org/W2132014319","https://openalex.org/W2148076415","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2523246573","https://openalex.org/W2524399695","https://openalex.org/W2561512519","https://openalex.org/W2570343428","https://openalex.org/W2584017349","https://openalex.org/W2618720482","https://openalex.org/W2626997132","https://openalex.org/W2747257024","https://openalex.org/W2769848455","https://openalex.org/W2789973801","https://openalex.org/W2793538065","https://openalex.org/W2800755727","https://openalex.org/W2801761047","https://openalex.org/W2883529983","https://openalex.org/W2887048414","https://openalex.org/W2887808321","https://openalex.org/W2890179236","https://openalex.org/W2906111507","https://openalex.org/W2911282375","https://openalex.org/W2913456898","https://openalex.org/W2922509746","https://openalex.org/W2929868177","https://openalex.org/W2963351448","https://openalex.org/W2963777800","https://openalex.org/W2971017576","https://openalex.org/W2980283031","https://openalex.org/W3007997946","https://openalex.org/W3015131265","https://openalex.org/W3016536844","https://openalex.org/W3028412523","https://openalex.org/W3080486430","https://openalex.org/W3082474906","https://openalex.org/W3090697255","https://openalex.org/W3109319544","https://openalex.org/W3119005666","https://openalex.org/W3155151741","https://openalex.org/W3174690408","https://openalex.org/W3194122014","https://openalex.org/W3194441438","https://openalex.org/W3211035581","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6727249380","https://openalex.org/W6794084461"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2086542911","https://openalex.org/W101962219","https://openalex.org/W2066371588","https://openalex.org/W3187599676","https://openalex.org/W3119537175","https://openalex.org/W4282824511","https://openalex.org/W2810356275","https://openalex.org/W3123215897","https://openalex.org/W2951146195","https://openalex.org/W4292605373"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Early":[0],"pulmonary":[1],"nodule":[2,16,45,72,78],"detection":[3,17,37,103,165],"is":[4,110,122],"very":[5],"important":[6],"in":[7,47,80],"lung":[8,15,71],"cancer":[9],"diagnosis":[10],"and":[11,124,151,180],"screening.":[12],"Most":[13],"state-of-the-art":[14,164],"models":[18],"are":[19,95],"based":[20,61],"on":[21,62,126,187],"Faster":[22,63,91,101,117],"Region-based":[23],"Convolutional":[24],"Neural":[25],"Network":[26],"(Faster":[27],"R-CNN)":[28],"due":[29],"to":[30,84,99,112],"its":[31],"superior":[32],"performance.":[33,104],"However,":[34],"this":[35,51],"object":[36],"approach":[38],"faces":[39],"difficulties":[40],"with":[41,66,200],"the":[42,81,127,194],"variety":[43],"of":[44,90,143,158,175,178,182,196],"sizes":[46,79,89],"training":[48,82],"datasets.":[49],"In":[50],"paper,":[52],"we":[53],"propose":[54],"a":[55,140,152,173,188],"novel":[56],"Computer-Aided":[57],"Detection":[58],"(CAD)":[59],"system":[60,138],"R-CNN":[64],"model":[65,199],"adaptive":[67,86],"anchor":[68,87],"box":[69,88],"for":[70],"detection.":[73],"Our":[74,120],"method":[75,121],"employs":[76],"ground-truth":[77],"dataset":[83,192],"generate":[85],"R-CNN.":[92],"Learned":[93],"anchors":[94],"used":[96],"as":[97],"hyper-parameter":[98],"boost":[100],"R-CNN\u2019s":[102,118],"A":[105],"residual":[106],"convolutional":[107],"neural":[108],"network":[109,171],"proposed":[111,137,198],"reduce":[113],"false":[114,147,168],"positives":[115,148],"from":[116],"output.":[119],"trained":[123],"tested":[125],"largest":[128],"publicly":[129],"available":[130],"LUNA16":[131],"dataset.":[132],"Experiments":[133],"show":[134],"that":[135],"our":[136,197],"achieves":[139,172],"high":[141],"sensitivity":[142,174],"95.64%":[144],"at":[145],"1.72":[146],"per":[149],"scan,":[150],"Competition":[153],"Performance":[154],"Metric":[155],"(CPM)":[156],"score":[157],"88.2%,":[159],"which":[160],"outperforms":[161],"other":[162],"recent":[163],"methods.":[166],"The":[167],"positive":[169],"reduction":[170],"93.8%,":[176],"specificity":[177],"97.6%":[179],"accuracy":[181],"95.7%.":[183],"An":[184],"additional":[185],"evaluation":[186],"completely":[189],"independent":[190],"SPIE-AAPM":[191],"demonstrates":[193],"generalization":[195],"89.3%":[201],"sensitivity.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
